Skip to main content
Log in

Nest Building and Mating in Relation to Male Size in Corkwing Wrasse, Symphodus Melops

  • Published:
Environmental Biology of Fishes Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This study examines nest building and mating in relation to size in male corkwing wrasse, Symphodus melops, in the absence of male–male competition. We kept males of varying size together with mature females in tanks containing adequate materials and sites for nest construction. Our results indicate that the size of territorial males does not influence the ability to construct a nest. However, larger males initiated nest building earlier than smaller males and nest size correlated positively with male size. Furthermore, male size did not affect whether or not a nesting male succeeded in mating, indicating that male size was not essential for female acceptance (i.e. whether or not a female is willing to mate) of a male in the current situation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References cited

  • Anderson, M. 1994. Sexual selection. Princeton University Press, Princeton. 599 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Balon, E.K. 1975. Reproductive guilds of fishes: a proposal and definition. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 32: 821–864.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chelappa, S., F.A. Huntingford, R.H.C Strang & R.Y. Thomson 1989. Annual variation in energy reserves in male three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus L. (Pisces: Gasterosteidae). J. Fish Biol. 35: 275–286.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clutton-Brock, T.H. 1991. The evolution of parental care. Princeton University Press, Princeton. 352 pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Côte, I.M. & W. Hunte. 1989. Male and female mate choice in the redlip blenny: why big is better. Anim. Behav. 38: 78–88.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crawford, S.S. & E.K. Balon. 1996. Cause and effect of parental care in fishes. Advances in the Study of Behavior 25: 53–107.

    Google Scholar 

  • Danylchuk, A.J. & M.G. Fox. 1996. Size and age-related variation in the seasonal timing of nesting activity, nest characteristics, and female choice of parental male pumpkinseed sunfish (Lepomis gibbosus). Can. J. Zool. 74: 1834–1840.

    Google Scholar 

  • Darwall, W.R.T., M.J. Costello, R. Donnelly & S. Lysaght. 1992. Implications of life-history strategies for a new wrasse fishery. J. Fish Biol. 41(Suppl. B): 111–123.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dipper, F.A. 1981. The strange sex lives of British wrasse. New Scientist 14 May: 444–445.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dipper, F.A. & R.S.V. Pullin. 1979. Gonochorism and sexinversion in British Labridae (Pisces). J. Zool. (London) 187: 97–112.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dominey W.J. 1981. Maintenance of female mimicry as a reproductive strategy in bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus). Env. Biol. Fish. 6: 59–64.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dupuis, H.M.C. & M.H.A. Keenleyside. 1988. Reproductive success of nesting male longear sunfish (Lepomis megalotis peltastes). Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 23: 109–116.

    Google Scholar 

  • FitzGerald, G.J., H. Guderley & P. Picard. 1989. Hidden reproductive costs in the three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus). Exp. Biol. 48: 295–300.

    Google Scholar 

  • Galloway T.F., E. Kjørsvik & H. Kryvi. 1998. Effect of temperature on viability and axial muscle development in embryos and yolk sac larvae of the Northeast Arctic cod (Gadus morhua L.). Marine Biology 132: 559–567.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grant, P.W. & P.W. Colgan. 1983. Reproductive success and mate choice in the johnny darter, Etheostoma nigrum (Pisces: Percidae). Can. J. Zool. 61: 437–446.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gross, M.R. 1982. Sneakers, satellites and parentals: polymorphic mating strategies in North American sunfishes. Z. Tierpsychol. 60: 1–26.

    Google Scholar 

  • Keenleyside, M.H.A., R.W. Rangeley & B.U. Kuppers. 1985. Female mate choice and male parental defence behaviour in the cichlid fish Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum. Can. J. Zool. 63: 2489–2493.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kitchell, J.F., D.J. Stewart & D. Weininger. 1977. Applications of bioenergetics model to yellow perch (Perca flavescens) and walleye (Stizostedion vitreum vitreum). J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 34: 1922–1935.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kvarnemo, C. 1995. Size assortative nest choice in the absence of competition in males of the sand goby, Pomatoschistus minutes. Env. Biol. Fish. 43: 233–239.

    Google Scholar 

  • LeCren, E.D. 1951. The length-weight relationship and seasonal cycle in gonad weight and condition in the perch (Perca fluviatilis). J. Anim. Ecol. 20: 201–219.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lindström, K. 1992. The effect of RHP, nest size, and information about resource quality on the outcome of intruderowner conflicts in the sand goby. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 30: 53–58.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lugli, M., L. Bobbio, P. Torricelli & G. Gandolfi. 1992. Breeding ecology and male spawning success in 2 hill-stream populations of the fresh-water goby, Padogobius martensi. Env. Biol. Fish. 35: 37–48.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marconato, A., A. Bisazza & M. Marin. 1989. Correlates of male reproductive success in Padogobius martensi (Gobiidae). J. Fish Biol. 34: 889–899.

    Google Scholar 

  • Noltie, D.B. & M.H.A. Keenleyside. 1987. Breeding ecology, nest characteristics, and nest-site selection of stream-and lakedwelling rock bass, Ambloplites rupestris (Rafinesque). Can. J. Zool. 65: 379–390.

    Google Scholar 

  • Östlund-Nilsson, S. 2000. Female choice and paternal care in the fifteen-spined stickleback, Spinachia spinachia. Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, Comprehensive summaries of Uppsala dissertations from the faculty of science and technology 571. 30 pp. (ISBN 91-554-4824-0).

  • Potts, G.W. 1974 The coloration and its behavioural significance in the corkwing wrasse Crenilabrus melops. J. Mar. Biol. Ass. U.K. 54: 925–938.

    Google Scholar 

  • Potts, G.W. 1984. Parental behaviour in temperate marine teleosts with special reference to the development of nest structures. pp. 223–244. In: G.W. Potts & R.J. Wootton (ed.) Fish Reproduction: Strategies and Tactics, Academic Press, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Potts, G.W. 1985. The nest structure of the corkwing wrasse, Crenilabrus melops (Labridae: Teleostei). J. Mar. Biol. Ass. U.K. 65: 531–546.

    Google Scholar 

  • Quignard, J.-P. & A. Pras. 1986. Labridae. pp. 919–942. In: P.J.P. Whitehead, M.L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielson & E. Tortonese (ed.) Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean, UNESCO, Paris.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sargent, R.C. & M.R. Gross. 1993. Williams’ principle: an explanation of parental care in teleost fishes. pp. 333–362. In: T.J. Pitcher (ed.) Behaviour of Teleost Fishes, Chapman & Hall, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmale, M.C. 1981. Sexual selection and reproductive success in males of the bicolor damselfish, Eupomacentrus partitus (Pisces: Pomacentridae). Anim. Behav. 29: 1172–1184.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stone, J. 1996. Preliminary trials on the culture of goldsinny and corkwing wrasse. pp. 142–167. In: M.D.J. Sayer, J.W. Treasurer & M.J. Costello (ed.) Wrasse: Biology and Use in Aquaculture, Fishing New Books, Blackwell Science, Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taborsky, M. 1994. Sneakers, satellites and helpers: parasitic and cooperative behaviour in fish reproduction. Advances in the Study of Behavior 23: 1–100.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taborsky, M. 1998. Sperm competition in fish: ‘bourgeois’ males and parasitic spawning. TREE 13: 222–227.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taborsky, M., B. Hudde & P. Wirtz. 1987. Reproductive behaviour and ecology of Symphodus (Crenilabrus) ocellatus, a European wrasse with four types of male behaviour. Behav. 102: 82–117.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thompson, S. 1986. Male spawning success and female choice in the mottled triplefin, Forsterygion varium, (Pisces: Triperygiidae). Anim. Behav. 34: 580–589.

    Google Scholar 

  • Treasurer, J.W. 1996. Capture techniques for wrasse in inshore waters in an area of west Scotland. pp. 74–90. In: M.D.J. Sayer, J.W. Treasurer & M.J. Costello (ed.) Wrasse: Biology and Use in Aquaculture, Fishing New Books, Blackwell Science, Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Uglem, I., G. Rosenqvist & H. Schiøler Wasslavik. 2000. Phenotypic variation between dimorphic males in corkwing wrasse Symphodus melops L. J. Fish Biol. 57: 1–15.

    Google Scholar 

  • van den Berghe, E.P. 1988. Piracy: a new alternative male reproductive tactic. Nature (London) 334: 697–698.

    Google Scholar 

  • van den Berghe, E.P. 1992. Parental care and the cost of reproduction in a Mediterranean fish. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 30: 373–378.

    Google Scholar 

  • Williams, G.C. 1966. Adaptation and natural selection. Princeton University Press, Princeton. 307 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wootton, R.J. 1990. Ecology of teleost fishes. Chapman & Hall, London. 404 pp.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Uglem, I., Rosenqvist, G. Nest Building and Mating in Relation to Male Size in Corkwing Wrasse, Symphodus Melops . Environmental Biology of Fishes 63, 17–25 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1013886112191

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1013886112191

Navigation