Abstract
In superconductors, both the persistent electric current and the magnetic field are shown here to be quantities that relax quickly if off equilibrium, with a characteristic time of order 10−15 s. Therefore, they do not belong to the set of independent variables needed to construct the superconducting hydrodynamic theory. This fact renders the theory surprisingly simple and structurally indistinguishable from that accounting for a nonpolarizable and nonmagnetizable solid. Appropriate analogies may be drawn from this behavior to the Higgs mechanism.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
D. Vollhardt and P. Wölfle, The Superfluid Phases of Helium 3 (Taylor and Francis, London, 1990).
F. London, Superfluids Vol I (New York, Wiley, 1950).
M. Liu, Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 3223 (1998); Jiang Y-M. and M. Liu, Phys. Rev. B 6, 184506, (2001).
J. Clark, U. Eckern, A. Schmid, G. Schön, and M. Tinkham, Phys. Rev. B 20, 3933, (1979).
A. Schmid, J. Low Temp. Phys. 41, 37, (1980).
L.D. Landau and E.M. Lifshitz, Theory of Elasticity (Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1986).
H. Temmen, H. Pleiner, M. Liu, H. Brand, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 3228 (2000) and 86, 745, (2001).
S. J. Putterman, Superfluid Hydrodynamics (North Holland, Amsterdam, 1974).
K. Henjes and M. Liu, Ann. Phys. 223, 243 (1993); Mario Liu, Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 3580 (1993); 74, 4535 (1995); 80, 2937, (1998); see also Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 1884, (1995) and Jiang Y-M. and M. Liu, Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 1043 (1996).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Liu, M. Superconducting Hydrodynamics and the Higgs Analogy. Journal of Low Temperature Physics 126, 911–922 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1013842624496
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1013842624496