Abstract
A novel method is described for the propagation of Allium giganteum Regel using direct organogenesis resulting in multiple shoot structures formed on mature flower buds or ovaries. A two step induction and differentiation procedure, similar to that described earlier in onion, was tested. Flowers were inoculated on the induction medium for 6 days and extracted ovaries were placed on the differentiation medium. Optimal formation of multiple shoot structures was obtained using modified BDS medium containing 50 g l−1 sucrose solidified by a mixture of agar/gellan-gum, with 8.88 μM benzylaminopurine (BA) and 9.05 μM 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) in induction medium and 9.08 μM tidiazuron (TDZ) in the differentiation medium. Five plant sources obtained from different European retailers of ornamental bulbs were tested separately. All tested genotypes produced multiple organogenic structures, although induction percentages clustered in two distinctive groups. Shoots formed tended to become dormant, and attempts to improve their growth and rooting included treatment with fluridone. Dormancy was partly broken when shoots were briefly dipped in 1 μM fluridone. Genetic analysis of plant sources using random amplified polymorphic DNA method showed that 5 retailers actually distribute only two different clones, one of them more and the other less responsive to shoot organogensis.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Barandiaran X, Martin N, Rodriguez-Conde ME, Di Pietro A & Martin J (1999) An efficient method for callus culture and shoot regeneration of garlic (Allium sativum L.) Hortscience 34: 348–349
Campion B, Bohanec B & Javornik B (1995) Gynogenic lines of onion (Allium cepa L.): evidence of their homozygosity. Theor. Appl. Genet. 91: 598–602
DeHertogh AA & Zimmer K (1993) Allium – ornamental species. In: DeHertogh AA & Le Nard M (eds) The Physiology of Flower Bulbs (pp 187–200). Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam
Do GS, Sco BE, Ko JM, Lee SH, Pak JH, Kim IS & Song SD (1999) Analysis of somaclonal variation through tissue culture and chromosomal localization of rDNA sites by fluorescent in situ hybridization in wild Allium tuberosum and a regenerated variant. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 57: 113–119
Dunstan DI & Short KC (1977) Improved growth of tissue cultures of onion, Alllium cepa. Physiol. Plant 41: 70–72
Inagaki N, Matsunaga H, Kanechi M & Maekawa S (1994) In vitro micropropagation of Allium giganteum R. 2. Embryoid and plantlet regeneration through the anther culture of Allium giganteum R. Science Report of Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe University 21: 23–30
Inagaki N, Matsunaga H, Kawano T, Maekawa S & Terabun M (1992) In vitro micropropagation of Allium giganteum R. 1. Callus and shoot formation, and regeneration of plantlet through in vitro culture of emerged young leaves. Science report of Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe University 20: 47–53
Javornik B, Bohanec B & Campion B (1998) Second cycle gyn-ogenesis in onion, Allium cepa L., and genetic analysis of the plants. Plant Breeding 117: 275–278
Kahane R, Rancillac M & Teyssendier-de-la-Serve B (1992) Long-term multiplication of onion (Allium cepa L.) by cyclic shoot regeneration in vitro. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 28: 281–288
Kim KS, Davelaar E & De Klerk GJ (1994) Abscisic acid controls dormancy development and bulb formation in lily plantlets regenerated in vitro. Physiol. Plant. 90: 59–64
Lee KS & Ono K (1999) Chromosomal variation in callus lines and regenerated plantlets from three cultivars of Allium fistulosum L. (2 = 16). Cytologia 64: 465–478
Lee SH, Ryu JA, Do GS, Seo BB, Pak JH, Kim IS & Song SD (1998) Chromosome analysis by fluorescence in situ hybridization of callus-derived regenerants in Allium cyaneum R. Plant Cell Rep. 18: 209–213
Luthar Z & Bohanec B (1999) Induction of direct somatic organo-genesis in onion (Allium cepa L.) using a two step flower or ovary culture. Plant Cell Rep. 18: 797–802
Murashige T & Skoog F (1962) A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol. Plant. 15: 473–497
Pierik RLM (1987) In vitro Culture of Higher Plants (pp 183-230). Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands
Popova LP & Riddle KA (1996) Development and accumulation of ABA in fluridone-treated and drought-stressed Vicia faba plants under different light conditions. Physiol. Plant. 98: 791–797
Seabrook JEA (1994) In vitro propagation and bulb formation of garlic. Can. J. Plant Sci. 74: 155–158
Silvertand B, van Rooyen A, Lavrijsen P, Van Harten AM & Jacobsen E (1996) Plant regeneration via organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis in callus cultures derived from mature zygotic embryos of leek (Allium ampeloprasum L.). Euphytica 91: 261–270
VanScheepen J (1991) International Checklist for Hyacinths and Miscellaneous Bulbs. Royal General Bulb Growers Association, The Netherlands
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Šušek, A., Javornik, B. & Bohanec, B. Factors affecting direct organogenesis from flower explants of Allium giganteum. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 68, 27–33 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1012950601175
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1012950601175