Abstract
Ordered structures in beams survive the bending in dipole magnets of a storage ring, provided that the ring is smooth: the dispersion must be nearly constant around the ring, so that the transversal velocity profile of the particles in the beam remains undisturbed. Conventional laser cooling affects the ions in the beam independently of their transversal position, so that the velocity profile is disturbed and the order is destroyed. We show with the help of molecular dynamics computer simulations that order can be preserved if the cooling force depends on the transversal position of the particles in such a manner that the dispersion and the transversal velocity profile remain constant (graded cooling).
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Seurer, M., Reinhard, PG. & Toepffer, C. Simulation of graded cooling for ordered beams in storage rings. Hyperfine Interactions 115, 17–21 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1012619832201
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1012619832201