Abstract
C-Jun and c-Fos belong to the family of immediate early genes. Apart from their role as transcription factors, a basal expression was shown for them in central nervous system tissues. The expression of c-Jun and c-Fos in sensory ganglia of guinea pig, rat and murine sensory ganglia was examined under normal, unstimulated conditions by quantitative double-immunohistochemistry. 4.6 ± 2.8% of neuron-specific protein gene-product 9.5 -positive cells in nodose ganglia, 51.6 ± 2.1% in jugular ganglia, 46.4 ± 3.0% in trigeminal ganglia and 42.5 ± 1.3% of cervical dorsal root ganglia neurons were positive for c-Jun in the guinea pig (less than 1% for c-Fos). In rat and mouse, less than 1% of the sensory neurons exhibited c-Jun and c-Fos-immunoreactivity. The high basal expression of c-Jun in guinea pig sensory neurons suggests that in this species the presence of c-Jun does not only depend on specific stimulation and is not exclusively associated with neuronal plasticity of gene expression and functional changes.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Ip, Y. T. and Davis, R. J. 1998. Signal transduction by the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-from inflammation to development. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 10:205–19.
Herdegen, T. and Leah, J. D. 1998. Inducible and constitutive transcription factors in the mammalian nervous system: Control of gene expression by Jun, Fos and Krox, and CREB/ATF proteins. Brain Res. Brain Res. Rev. 28:370–490.
Herdegen, T., Leah, J. D. Manisali, A., Bravo, R., and Zimmermann, M. 1991. c-JUN-like immunoreactivity in the CNS of the adult rat: Basal and transynaptically induced expression of an immediate-early gene. Neuroscience 41:643–54.
Herdegen, T., Kummer, W., Fiallos, C. E., Leah, J., and Bravo, R. 1991. Expression of c-JUN, JUN B and JUN D proteins in rat nervous system following transection of vagus nerve and cervical sympathetic trunk. Neuroscience 45:413–22.
Herdegen, T., Brecht, S., Mayer, B., Leah, J., Kummer, W., Bravo, R., and Zimmermann, M. 1993. Long-lasting expression of JUN and KROX transcription factors and nitric oxide synthase in intrinsic neurons of the rat brain following axotomy. J. Neurosci. 13:4130–45.
Herdegen, T., Fiallos-Estrada, C. E., Bravo, R., and Zimmermann, M. 1993. Colocalisation and covariation of c-JUN transcription factor with galanin in primary afferent neurons and with CGRP in spinal motoneurons following transection of rat sciatic nerve. Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 17:147–54.
Herdegen, T., Kovary, K., Buhl, A., Bravo, R., Zimmermann, M., and Gass, P. 1995. Basal expression of the inducible transcription factors c-Jun, JunB, JunD, c-Fos, FosB, and Krox-24 in the adult rat brain. J. Comp. Neurol. 354:39–56.
Broude, E., McAtee, M., Kelley, M. S., and Bregman, B. S. 1997. c-Jun expression in adult rat dorsal root ganglion neurons: Differential response after central or peripheral axotomy. Exp. Neurol. 148:367–77.
Buschmann, T., Martin-Villalba, A. Kocsis, J. D., Waxman, S. G., Zimmermann, M., and Herdegen, T. 1998. Expression of Jun, Fos, and ATF-2 proteins in axotomized explanted and cultured adult rat dorsal root ganglia. Neuroscience 84:163–76.
De Leon, M., Nahin, R. L., Molina, C. A., De Leon, D. D., and Ruda, M. A. 1995. Comparison of c-jun, junB, and junD mRNA expression and protein in the rat dorsal root ganglia following sciatic nerve transection. J. Neurosci. Res. 42:391–401.
Sharkey, K. A., Parr, E. J., and Keenan, C. M. 1999. Immediate-early gene expression in the inferior mesenteric ganglion and colonic myenteric plexus of the guinea pig. J. Neurosci. 19:2755–64.
Barnes, P. J. 1995. Overview of neural mechanisms in asthma. Pulm. Pharmacol. 8:151–9.
Eynott, P. R., Adcock, I. M., Chung, K. F., and Nath, P. 2001. The effects of selective C-JUN NH2-Terminal Kinase inhibition in a sensitized Brown-Norway rat model of allergic asthma. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 163:A434.
Kovary, K. and Bravo, R. 1991. The jun and fos protein families are both required for cell cycle progression in fibroblasts. Mol. Cell Biol. 11:4466–72.
Herdegen, T., Kovary, K., Leah, J., and Bravo, R. 1991. Specific temporal and spatial distribution of JUN, FOS, and KROX-24 proteins in spinal neurons following noxious transsynaptic stimulation. J. Comp. Neurol. 313:178–91.
Groneberg, D. A., Nickolaus, M., Springer, J., Doring, F., Daniel, H., and Fischer, A. 2001. Localization of the Peptide Transporter PEPT2 in the Lung: Implications for Pulmonary Oligopeptide Uptake. Am. J. Pathol. 158:707–714.
Leppa, S. and Bohmann, D. 1999. Diverse functions of JNK signaling and c-Jun in stress response and apoptosis. Oncogene 18: 6158–62.
De Felipe, C. and Belmonte, C. 1999. c-Jun expression after axotomy of corneal trigeminal ganglion neurons is dependent on the site of injury. Eur. J. Neurosci. 11:899–906.
Bolden, D. A. 1996. Sympathectomy induces c-Jun in adult trigeminal neurons: An immunohistochemical and tract-tracing study. Neurosci. Lett. 214:83–6.
Rauscher, F., Voulalas, P., Franza, B., and Curran, T. 1988. Fos and Jun bind cooperatively to the AP-1 site: Reconstitution in vitro. Genes Develop. 2:1687–99.
Zerial, M., Toschi, L., Ryseck, R., Schuermann, M., Müller, R., and Bravo, R. 1989. The product of a novel groth factor activated gene, fosB, interacts with JUN proteins enhancing their DNA binding activity. EMBO J. 8:805–13.
Schönthal, A., Büscher, M., Angel, P., Rahmsdorf, H. J., Ponta, H., Hattori, K., Chiu, R., Karin, M., and Herrlich, P. 1989. The Fos and Jun/AP-1 proteins are involved in the downregulation of Fos transcription. Oncogene 4:629–36.
Parr, E. J. and Sharkey, K. A. 1994. c-Fos-and JunB-immuno-reactivities in the enteric nervous system of the guinea-pig ileum. Neuroreport 5:1657–61.
Parr, E. J. and Sharkey, K. A. 1997. Multiple mechanisms contribute to myenteric plexus ablation induced by benzalkonium chloride in the guinea-pig ileum. Cell Tissue Res. 289:253–64.
Holzer, P. and Holzer-Petsche, U. 1997. Tachykinins in the gut. Part II. Roles in neural excitation, secretion and inflammation. Pharmacol. Ther. 73:219–63.
Shanahan, F. 1998. Enteric neuropathophysiology and inflammatory bowel disease. Neurogastroenterol. Motil. 10: 185–7.
Barnes, P. J. 1996. Neuroeffector mechanisms: The interface between inflammation and neuronal responses. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 98(Pt 2):S73–81.
Kummer, W. and Fischer, A. 1995. Plasticity of the afferent innervation of the airways. Pulm. Pharmacol. 8:169–72.
Christian, C., Gilbert, M., and Payan, D. G. 1994. Stimulation of transcriptional regulatory activity by substance P. Neuroimmunomodulation 1:159–64.
Fischer, A., McGregor, G. P., Saria, A., Philippin, B., and Kummer, W. 1996. Induction of tachykinin gene and peptide expression in guinea pig nodose primary afferent neurons by allergic airway inflammation. J. Clin. Invest. 98:2284–91.
Undem, B. J., Hunter, D. D., Liu, M., Haak-Frendscho, M., Oakragly, A., and Fischer, A. 1999. Allergen-induced sensory neuroplasticity in airways. Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. 118:150–3.
Jeon, S. Y., Kim, J., and Hwang, E. G. 1997. Origin and distribution of NADPH diaphorase-positive nerves in rat nasal mucosa. Ann. Otol. Rhinol. Laryngol. 106:688–92.
Elsas, T., Edvinsson, L., Sundler, F., and Uddman, R. 1994. Neuronal pathways to the rat conjunctiva revealed by retrograde tracing and immunocytochemistry. Exp. Eye Res. 58:117–26.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Groneberg, D.A., Wiegand, S., Dinh, Q.T. et al. Expression of Immediate Early Genes in Sensory Ganglia. Neurochem Res 26, 1113–1117 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1012366721845
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1012366721845