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β-Cyanoalanine synthase and cysteine synthase from potato: molecular cloning, biochemical characterization, and spatial and hormonal regulation

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Abstract

β-Cyanoalanine synthase (CAS, L-3-cyanoalanine synthase; EC 4.4.1.9) is the most important enzyme in cyanide metabolism. In addition to CAS, cysteine synthase (CS, EC 4.2.99.8) possesses CAS activity. To explore the physiological significance of cyanide metabolism, we isolated the cDNA clones corresponding to purified CAS (designated PCAS-1 and PCAS-2) and CS (designatedPCS-1 and PCS-2) from potato using the information of these amino acid sequences. The recombinant proteins of PCS-1, PCS-2 and PCAS-1 catalyzed both CAS and CS reactions, although the ratios between CAS and CS activity were remarkably different. PCAS-1 preferred the substrates for the CAS reaction to the substrates for the CS reaction. From the kinetic characters and homology of amino acid sequences with known CS-like proteins, PCS-1, PCS-2 and PCAS-1 were identified as cytosolic CS, plastidic CS and mitochondrial CAS, respectively. The highest level of CAS activity, CAS protein and its mRNA were detected in potato buds. Stimulation of CAS activity and protein accumulation by ethylene without the concomitant increase of its mRNA suggested that ethylene induces CAS protein accumulation at the post-transcriptional level.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho 1-33, Inage-ku, Chiba , 263-8522, Japan

    Akiko Maruyama & Kazuki Saito

  2. Development Biology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Life Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan

    Kimiharu Ishizawa

Authors
  1. Akiko Maruyama
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  2. Kazuki Saito
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  3. Kimiharu Ishizawa
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Maruyama, A., Saito, K. & Ishizawa, K. β-Cyanoalanine synthase and cysteine synthase from potato: molecular cloning, biochemical characterization, and spatial and hormonal regulation. Plant Mol Biol 46, 749–760 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011629703784

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