Skip to main content
Log in

An Examination of Sociotropy and Excessive Reassurance Seeking in the Prediction of Depression

  • Published:
Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The study was an examination of the relationship between sociotropy and excessive reassurance seeking in the prediction of depression. Although there is an obvious theoretical link between these constructs, little empirical work has been directed at integrating these constructs. Because it was theorized that sociotropic persons would be relatively more likely to engage in excessive reassurance seeking relative to autonomous individuals, it was predicted that sociotropy, and not autonomy, would be positively related to excessive reassurance seeking. In addition, it was predicted that excessive reassurance seeking would mediate effects of sociotropy upon depression. Overall, the results from 167 undergraduates completing measures for all variables supported these predictions. The results suggest that beyond the psychological vulnerabilities hypothesized by A. T. Beck (1983), sociotropic persons might engage in interpersonal behaviors that exacerbate their response to life stress.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

REFERENCES

  • Allen, N. B., de la Horne, D. J., & Trinder, J. (1996). Sociotropy, autonomy, and dysphoric emotional responses to specific classes of stress:Apsychophysiological evaluation. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 105, 25–33.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bartelstone, J. H., & Trull, T. J. (1995). Personality, life events, and depression. Journal of Personality Assessment, 64, 279–294.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beck, A. T. (1983). Cognitive therapy of depression: New perspectives. In P. J. Clayton & J. E. Barrett (Eds.), Treatment of depression: Old controversies and new approaches. New York: Raven Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beck, A. T., Epstein, N., Harrison, R., & Emery, G. (1983). Development of the Sociotropy-Autonomy Scale: A measure of personality factors in psychopathology. Unpublished manuscript, University of Pennsylvania.

  • Clark, D. A., Beck, A. T., & Brown, G. K. (1992). Sociotropy, autonomy, and life event perceptions in dysphoric and nondysphoric individuals. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 16, 635–652.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coyne, J. C. (1976). Toward an interactional description of depression. Psychiatry, 39, 14–27.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hammen, C., Ellicott, A., & Gitlin, M. (1989). Vulnerability to specific life events and prediction of course of disorder in unipolar depressed patients. Canadian Journal of Behavioral Science, 21, 377–388.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hammen, C., Ellicott, A., & Gitlin, M. (1992). Stressors and sociotropy/ autonomy: A longitudinal study of their relationship to the course of bipolar disorder. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 16, 409–418.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hammen, C., Ellicott, A., Gitlin, M., & Jamison, K. R. (1989). Sociotropy/autonomy and vulnerability to specific life events in patients with unipolar depression and bipolar disorders. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 98, 154–160.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hammen, C., Marks, T., Mayol, A., & deMayo, R. (1985). Depressive self-schemas, life stress and vulnerability to depression. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 94, 308–319.

    Google Scholar 

  • Joiner, T. E., Jr., Alfano, M. S., & Metalsky, G. I. (1992). When depression breeds contempt: Reassurance-seeking, self-esteem, and rejection of depressed college students by their roommates. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 101, 165–173.

    Google Scholar 

  • Joiner, T. E., Jr., & Metalsky, G. I. (in press). Excessive reassurance seeking: Delineating a risk factor involved in the development of depressive symptoms. Psychological Science.

  • Joiner, T. E., Jr., & Metalsky, G. I. (1995). A prospective test of an integrative interpersonal theory of depression: A naturalistic study of college roommates. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69, 778–788.

    Google Scholar 

  • Joiner, T. E., Jr., & Schmidt, N. B. (1998). Excessive reassurance-seeking predicts depressive but not anxious reactions to acute stress. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 107, 533–537.

    Google Scholar 

  • Katz, J., Beach, S. R. H., & Joiner, T. E., Jr. (1998). When does partner devaluation predict emotional distress? Prospective moderating effects of reassurance-seeking and self-esteem. Personal Relationships, 5, 409–421.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nietzel, M. T., & Harris, M. J. (1990). Relationship of dependency and achievement/autonomy to depression. Clinical Psychology Review, 10, 279–297.

    Google Scholar 

  • Potthoff, J. G., Holahan, C. J., & Joiner, T. E. (1995). Reassurance seeking, stress generation, and depressive symptoms: An integrative model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68, 664–670.

    Google Scholar 

  • Radloff, L. S. (1977). The CES-D Scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1, 385–401.

    Google Scholar 

  • Robins, C. J. (1990). Congruence of personality and life events in depression. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 99, 393–397.

    Google Scholar 

  • Robins, C. J., & Block, P. (1988). Personal vulnerability, life events, and depressive symptoms: A test of a specific interactional model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 847–852.

    Google Scholar 

  • Robins, C. J., Block, P., & Peselow, E. D. (1989). Relations of sociotropic and autonomous personality characteristics to specific symptoms in depressed patients. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 98, 86–88.

    Google Scholar 

  • Robins, C. J., Hayes, A. M., Block, P., Kramer, R. J., & Villena, M. (1995). Interpersonal and achievement concerns and the depressive vulnerability and symptom specificity hypotheses: A prospective study. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 19, 1–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Robins, C. J., Ladd, J., Welkowitz, J., Blaney, P. H., Diaz, R., & Kutcher, G. (1994). The Personal Style Inventory: Preliminary validation studies of new measures of sociotropy and autonomy. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 16, 277–300.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rude, S. S., & Burnham, B. L. (1993). Do interpersonal and achievement vulnerabilities interact with congruent events to predict depression? Comparison of DEQ, SAS, DAS, and combined scales. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 17, 531–548.

    Google Scholar 

  • Strack, S., & Coyne, J. C. (1983). Social confirmation of dysphoria: Shared and private reactions to depression. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44, 798–806.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zuroff, D. C., & Mongrain, M. (1987). Dependency and self-criticism: Vulnerability factors for depressive active states. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 96, 14–22.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Beck, R., Robbins, M., Taylor, C. et al. An Examination of Sociotropy and Excessive Reassurance Seeking in the Prediction of Depression. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment 23, 101–105 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010963624940

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010963624940

Navigation