Abstract
Genetic diversity among four clones (A, D, E, F) of gynogenetic silver crucian carp was studied using transferrin and isozymes in the blood as markers. Of the five proteins investigated, three (transferrin, esterase and superoxide dismutase) indicated polymorphism and eight polymorphic loci were detected. These loci were probably encoded by codominant alleles and their inheritance patterns were analyzed. Intraclonal homogeneity and interclonal heterogeneity were observed in these clones, which allowed us to infer the clonal nature and evolutionary relationship between them. Clonal diversity in this population of silver crucian carp in China was also compared with data reported from gynogenetic crucian carp in Germany.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Alarcón, J. A., and Alvarez, M. C. (1999). Genetic identification of sparid species by isozyme markers: Application to interspecific hybrids. Aquaculture 173:95.
Balsano, J. F., Darnell, R. M., and Abramoff, P. (1972). Electrophoretic evidence of triploidy associated with populations of the gynogenetic teleost Poecilia formosa. Copeia 1972:292.
Chen, H., and Leibenguth, F. (1995). Studies on multilocus fingerprints, RAPD markers, and mitochondrial DNA of a gynogenetic fish (Carassius auratus gibelio). Biochem. Genet. 33:297
Cherfas, N. B. (1981). Gynogenesis in fishes. In: Kirpichnikov, V. S. (ed.), Genetic Bases of Fish Selection, Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Coppes, Z. L., Vecchi, S., Ferreira, E., and Hirschhorn, M. (1990). Multilocus isozyme systems in fishes. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 96B:1.
Fan, L. C., Gui, J. F., Ding, J., Zhu, L. F., Liang, S. C., and Yang, Z. A. (1997). Cytological mechanism on the integration of heterologous genome or chromosomes in the unique gynogenetic Carassius auratus gibelio. Devl. Reprod. Biol. 6:33.
Fan, Z. T., and Shen, J. B. (1990). Studies on the evolution of bisexual reproduction in crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio Bloch). Aquaculture 84:235.
Golovinskaya, K. A., Ramoshov, D. D., and Cherfas, N. B. (1965). Unisexual and bisexual forms of the silver crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio). Bl. Vopr. Ikhthiol. 5:614.
Gui, J. F. (1989). Evolutionary genetic of unisexual vertebrates. Nature J. 12:116.
Gui, J. F. (1997). Retrospect and prospects of studies on the mechanism of natural gynogenesis in silver crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio). Bulletin of Natural National Science Foundation of China 11:11.
Gui, J. F. (1999). Fish developmental genetics and artificial propagation. In: Wu, C. J., and Gui, J. F. (eds.), Fish Genetics and Breeding Engineering, Shanghai Scientific and Technical Publishers, Shanghai.
Hershberger, W. K. (1970). Some physicochemical properties of transferrins in brook trout. Trans. Amer. Fish. Soc. 1970:207.
Jiang, Y. G., Yu, H. X., Chen, B. D., and Liang, S. C. (1983). Biological effect of heterologous sperm on gynogenetic offspring in Carassius auratus gibelio. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica 8:1.
Kobayasi, H., Nakans, K., and Nakamusa, M. (1977). On the hybrids, 4n ginbuna (C. auratus langsdorfi × kinbuna (C. auratus subsp.) and their chromosome. Bull. Jpn. Soc. Sci. Fish. 43:31.
Leslie, J. F., and Vrijenhoek, R. C. (1977). Genetic analysis of natural populations of Poeciliopsis monacha. J. Hered. 68:301.
Letting, D. L., Fecteau, D. A., Haws, T. F., Reed, S. L., Hopkins, R. O., Coleman, R. D., and Goddard, K. A. (1999). Unexpected ratio of allozyme expression in diploid and triploid individuals of the clonal hybrid fish Phoxinus eos-neoganeus. J. Exp. Zool. 284:663.
McAndrew, B. J., and Majumdar, K. C. (1983). Tilapia stock identification using electrophoretic markers. Aquaculture 30:249.
Monaco, P. J., Rasch, E. M., Balsano, J. S., and Turner, B. J. (1982). Muscle protein phenotypes and the probable evolutionary origin of a unisexual fish, Poecilia formosa, and its triploid derivatives. J. Exp. Zool. 221:265.
Nagy, A., Rajki, K., Horvath, L., and Csanyi, V. (1978). Investigation on carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) gynogenesis. J. Fish. Biol. 13:215.
Quattro, J. M., Avise, J. C., and Vrijenhoek, R. C. (1992). An ancient clonal lineage in the fish genus Poeciliopsis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89:348.
Reinitz, G. L. (1977). Tests for association of transferrin and lactate dehydrogenase phenotypes with weight gain in rainbow trout. J. Fish. Res. Board. Can. 34:2333.
Sambrook, J., Fritsch, E. F., and Maniatis, T. (1989). In: Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, ed. 2, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York, p. 463.
Shaw, C. R., and Prasad, R. (1970). Starch gel electrophoresis of enzymes: A compliation of recipes. Biochem. Genet. 4:297.
Sites, Jr. Jw., Peccinini-Seale, D. M., Moritz, C., Wright, J. W., and Brown, W. M. (1990). The evolutionary history of parthenogenetic Cnemidophorus lemniscatus (Sauria: Teiidae). I. Evidence for a hybrid origin. Evolution 44:906.
Stratil, A., Bobak, P., Tomasek, V., and Valenta, M. (1983). Transferrins of Barbus Barbus, Barbus Meridionalis Petenyi and their hybrids: Genetic polymorphism, heterogenety and partial characterization. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 76B:845.
Utter, F. M., Ames, W. E., and Hodgins, H. O. (1970). Transferrin polymorphism in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). J. Fish. Res. Board. Can. 27:2371.
Valenta, M., Stratil, A., Slechtova, V., and Kalal, L. (1976). Polymorphism of transferrin in carp (Cyprinus carpio L.): Genetic determination, isolation and partial characterization. Biochem. Genet. 14:27.
Vrijenhoek, R. C. (1984). The evolution of clonal diversity in Poeciliopsis. In: Turner, B. J. (ed.), Evolutionary Genetics of Fishes, Plenum Press, New York.
Zhang, H. (1996). Investigation of genetic diversity in crucian carp (Carassius auratus). In: Studies on the population genetics of several aquatic animals, Doctor's thesis, C. A. S., p. 34.
Zhou, L., Fan, L. C., and Gui, J. F. (1998). RAPD analysis of incorporation of heterologous genetic materials in multiple species of silver crucian carp. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica 22:301.
Zhou, L., Wang, Y., and Gui, J. F. (2000a). Analysis of genetic heterogeneity among five gynogenetic clones of silver crucian carp, Carassius auratus gibelio Bloch, based on detection of RAPD molecular markers. Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 88:133.
Zhou, L., Wang, Y., and Gui, J. F. (2000b). Genetic evidence for gonochoristic reproduction in gynogenetic silver crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) as revealed by RAPD assays. J. Mol. Evol. 51:498.
Zhu, L. F. (1990). Genetic monitoring of different gynogenetic clones of crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) by tissue-transplantation. Acta Hydrobiologica sinica 14:16.
Zhu, L. F. (1992). Gradient gel electrophoresis on polyacrylamide of isozymes and proteins of fishes. Acta Hydrobiologica sinica 16:183.
Zhu, L. F., and Gui, J. F. (1998). Comparative studies on the expression of isozymes in crucian carp of various ploids during embryogenesis. Acta Biologiae Experimentalis Sinica 31:369.
Zhu, L. F., and Jiang, Y. G. (1987). Intraspecific genetic markers of crucian carp (Carassius autratus gibelio) and their application to selective breeding. Acta Hydrobiologica sinica 11:105.
Zhu, L. F., and Jiang, Y. G. (1993). A comparative study of the biological characters of gynogenetic clones of silver crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio). Acta Hydrobiologica sinica 17:112.
Zhu, L. F., Liao, S., Gui, J. F., Liang, S. C., and Jiang, Y. G., (1993). Studies on the genetic heterogeneity among individuals of multiple tetraploid allogynogenetic crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio). Zool. Res. 14:355.
Zhu, L. F., Gui, J. F., Liang, S. C., and Jiang, Y. G. (1995). An analysis of haemoglobin and its isozymes in the erythocyte of multiple tetraploid allogynogenetic crucian carp. Acta Hydrobiologica sinica 19:66.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yang, L., Yang, ST., Wei, XH. et al. Genetic Diversity among Different Clones of the Gynogenetic Silver Crucian Carp, Carassius auratus gibelio, Revealed by Transferrin and Isozyme Markers. Biochem Genet 39, 213–225 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010297426390
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010297426390