Abstract
Results of the experimental thermodynamic investigations of the system Bi-Au2Bi obtained by using Oelsen calorimetry are presented in this paper. Activities, activity coefficients and partial molar quantities for bismuth in the temperature interval 600-1000 K are determined. Based on the values of the thermodynamic parameters, negative deviation from Raoult law was obtained for the investigated system. Also, bismuth activities and activity coefficients dependence on composition and temperature is calculated by the nonlinear programming using gradient method.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
V. M. Mališev and D. V. Rumjancev, Zoloto, Izdatelstvo Metalurgija, Moskva 1979.
W. S. Rapsow and T. Groegewald, Gold Usage, Academic Press, London 1978.
R. Hultgren, P. D. Desai, D. T. Hawkins, M. Gleiser and K. K. Kelly, Selected Values of the Thermodynamic Properties of Binary Alloys, ASM International, Metals Park OH, 1973.
T. B. Massalski, W. B. Pearson, L. H. Bennet and Y. A. Chang, Noble Metal Alloys, Conference Proceedings of the Met. Soc. AIME meeting, New York 1985.
O. J. Kleppa, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 73 (1951) 385.
K. Kameda and T. Azakami, J. Jpn. Inst. Met., 40 (1976) 1087.
O. J. Kleppa, J. Phys. Chem., 60 (1956) 446.
B. Predel and A. Eman, Z. Metallkd., 64 (1973) 496.
K. C. Chou and J. J. Wang, Metall. Trans., 23A (1987) 323.
H. Okamoto and T. B. Massalski, Bull. Alloys Phase Diag., 5(3) (1984) 276.
W. Oelsen and P. Zühlke, Arch. Eisenhüttenwessen, 27 (1956) 743.
W. Oelsen, E. Schürmann, H. J. Weight and O. Oelsen, Arch. Eisenhüttenwessen, 27 (1956) 487.
W. Oelsen, F. Bieret and G. Schwabe, Arch. Eisenhüttenwessen, 27 (1956) 607.
V. G. Jenson and G. V. Jeffreys, Mathematical Methods in Chemical Engineering, Academic Press Inc., London 1977.
R. G. Walsh, Methods in Optimization, John Willey and Sons Inc., New York 1975.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Trumić, B., Živković, D. & Živković, Ž. Thermodynamic Analysis of the System Bi-Au2Bi. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 56, 371–379 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010111020408
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010111020408