Abstract
In the process of individual psychotherapy, the client and the therapist work together towards clarifying the client's problems, unlocking vicious circles, opening new perspectives and creating a new narrative congruent with the client's experiencing. The real and undeniable situation in individual psychotherapy across different therapeutic systems is that therapists enter the therapeutic encounter equipped with their own vision of humanity and their own particular theory and methods of psychotherapy. Through the differences in power between therapists and clients and the powerful role of language, clients in their dependent position are apt to assimilate the percepts and the ideas of their therapists. Consequently therapists tend to exert a dominant and influential force in their client's lives. This raises a main ethical concern: to what extent do therapists from different therapeutic systems really help clients to recover their freedom to live their lives congruent to their own authentic perceptions and experiences?
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
The client will be indicated as “she,” the therapist as “he.” The use of gender is interchangeable.
Craig E. (Ed) 'Psychology for freedom'. Special issue of The Humanistic Psychologist, 16;1, 1988.
Mook B. Intersubjectivity and narrative structure in family therapy. The Humanistic Psychologist 1989; 17: 251–264.
Fromm E. Escape from freedom. New York: Rinehart, 1952.
De Carvalho R.J. The Humanistic Ethics of Rollo May. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, Vol 32.Nr 1, Winter 1992, pp. 7–18.
Derksen J. Psychotherapieen in het Geding. Baarn: Nelissen, 1983.
Mook B. The significance of hermeneutics to child psychotherapy. Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience 1991; 16:3, 182–187.
Bergsma J. Doctors and Patients, strategies in longterm illness. Kluwer Ac. Press, Dordrecht, 1997.
Szasz T. The ethics of psychoanalysis. New York: Basic Books, 1974.
Op. cit., 6.
Sanders C. Mensvisie en psychotherapie. In: Cassee A.P., Petrie J.F., Sanders C. Psychotherapie en mensvisie. Deventer: Van Loghum Slaterus, 1978.
Cooper C.F. Ethical issues in Counselling and Psychotherapy: the Background. British Journal of Guidance and Counseling, Vol 20,nr 1, Jan. 1992, pp. 1–9.
Brody H. The healer's Power. Yale University Press, 1992.
Op. cit., 12.
Tomm, K. 'Ethical postures in family therapy'. A workshop presentation. Ottawa, 1991.
Conte H.R., Plutchik R. et al. Ethics in the Practice of Psychotherapy. American Journal of Psychotherapy, Vol XLIII,Nr 1. Jan 1989. pp. 32–42.
Op. cit., 5.
Owen G. Ethics of Intervention for Change. Australian Psychologist. Vol 21Nr 2 July 1986, pp. 211–218.
Op. cit., 18.
Jaspers K. Wesen und Kritik der Psychotherapie. Munchen: Piper Bucherei, 1954.
Op. cit., 12.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Bergsma, J., Mook, B. Ethical Considerations in Psychotherapeutic Systems. Theor Med Bioeth 19, 371–381 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009903929948
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009903929948