References
Mabo P, Berder V, Ritter P, Paillard F, Kermarrec A, Daubert C. Prevention of atrial tachyarrhythmias related to advanced interatrial block by permanent atrial resynchronization. Pace 1991;14:648.
Daubert C, Mabo PH, Berder V, Gras D, Leclercq C. Atrial tachyarrhythmias associated with high degree interatrial conduction block: Prevention by permanent atrial resynchronization. Eur JCPE 1994;4:35–44.
Saksena S, Prakash A, Hill M, Krol RB, Munsif ANN, Mathew PP, Mehra R. Prevention of recurrent atrial fibrillation with chronic dual-site right atrial pacing. JACC 1996;28:687–694.
Yu WC, Chen SA, Tai CT, Feng AN, Chang MS. Effects of different atrial pacing modes on atrial electrophysiology-Implicating the mechanism of biatrial pacing in prevention of atrial fibrillation. Circulation 1997;96:2992–2996.
Fitts SM, Hill MRS, Mehra R, Friedman P, Hammill S, Kay GK, Prakash A, Webb C, Saksena S. Design and implementation of the Dual-site Atrial Pacing to Prevent Atrial Fibrillation (DAPPAF) Clinical Trial. J Inter Cardiac Elect 1998;2:139–144.
Prakash P, Saksena S, Krol RB, Hill M, Mathew P, Mehra R, Kaushik RR. Electrophysiology of acute prevention of atrial fibrillation and flutter with dual site right atrial pacing. Pace 1995;18:803.
Hill M, Mongeon L, Mehra R. Prevention of atrial fibrillation: Dual site atrial pacing reduces the coupling window of induction of atrial fibrillation. Pace 1996;19:630.
Antonioli GE, R Audoglio, RR Brownlee. Science, theory and clinical considerations related to sensing atrial depolarizations in single-lead pacing. In: Antonioli GE, Aubert AE, Ector H, eds. Pacemaker Leads 1991. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier, 1991:115–133.
Daubert C, Gras D, Ritter P, Leclercq C, Baisset JM, Mabo P. Permanent left atrial pacing with a specifically designed coronary sinus lead. Pace 1995;18:1180.
Papageorgiou P, Monahan K, Boyle NG, Seifert MJ, Beswick P, Zebede J, Epstein LM, Josephson ME. Site-dependent intra-atrial conduction delay-Relationship to initiation of atrial fibrillation. Circulation 1996;94:384–389.
Daubert JCL, Leclercq C, Pavin D, Mabo P. Biatrial synchronous pacing: A new approach to prevent arrhythmias in patients with atrial conduction block. In: Daubert JC, Prystowksy EN, Ripart A, eds. Prevention of Tachyarrhythmias with Cardiac Pacing: A Textbook. Armonk, NY: Futura Publishing, 1997:99–119.
Sung RJ, Young C, Kuo CT, Lauer MR, Liem LB. Electrophysiologic basis for atrial triggered bi-atrial stimulation in suppressing paroxysmal atrial flutter/fibrillation in humans. Pace 1993;16:1562.
Blomstrom P, Edvardsson N, Olsson SB. Amiodarone in atrial fibrillation. Acta Medica Scandinavica 1984;216: 517–524.
Mauritson DR, Winniford MD, Walker WS, et al. Oral verapamil for paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia: A long term, double blind randomized trial. Ann Intern Med 1982;96:409–412.
Gillis AM, Connolly SJ, Yee R, Dubuc M, Phillipon F, Lacombe P, Kerr CR, Wyse DG. Atrial pacing peri-ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation-Phase I. PACE 1998;21:872.
Lau CP, Leung WH, Wong CK. A randomized double-blind crossover study comparing the efficacy and tolerability of flecainide and quinidine in the control of patients with symptomatic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Am Heart J 1992;124:645–650.
Pritchett ELC, Smith MS, McCarthy EA, Lee KL. The spontaneous occurrence of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. Circulation 1984;70:1–6.
Pritchett, ELC, Hammill, SC, Reiter MJ, Lee KL, McCarthy EA, Zimmerman JM, Shand DG. Life-table methods for evaluating antiarrhythmic drug efficacy in patients with paroxysmal atrial tachycardia. Am J Cardiol 1983;52:1007–1012.
Pritchett ELC, McCarthy EA, Lee KL. Clinical behavior of paroxysmal atrial tachycardia. Am J Cardiol 1988;62:3D-9D.
Pritchett ELC, Lee KL. Designing clinical trials for paroxysmal atrial tachycardia and other paroxysmal arrhythmias. J Clinical Epidemiology 1988;41:851–858.
Kaplan EL, Meier P. Nonparametric estimation from incomplete observations. J Am Stat Assoc 1958;53:457–481.
Anderson JL, Gilbert EM, Alpert BL, Henthorn RW, Waldo AL, Bhandari AK, Hawkinson RW, Pritchett ELC. Prevention of symptomatic recurrences of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in patients initially tolerating antiarrhythmic therapy. Circulation 1989;80:1557–1570.
Crijns HJ, Gosselink AT, Lie KI. Propafenone versus disopyramide for maintenance of sinus rhythm after electrical cardioversion of chronic atrial fibrillation: A randomized, double-blind study. PRODIS Study Group. Cardiovasc Drugs and Therapy 1996;10:145–152.
Freedman LS. Tables of the number of patients required in clinical trials using the log-rank test. Statist Med 1982;1: 121–129.
Greer GS, Wilkinson WE, McCarthy EA, Pritchett ELC. Random and nonrandom behavior of symptomatic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol 1989;64:339–342.
Wijffels MCEF, Kirchoff CJHJ, Boersma LVA, Allessie MA. Atrial fibrillation begets atrial fibrillation. In: Olsson SB, Allessie AMA, Campbell RWF, eds. Atrial Fibrillation: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies. Mount Kisco, NY: Futura Publication, 1994:195.
Goette A, Honeycutt C, Langberg JJ. Electrical remodeling in atrial fibrillation: Time course and mechanisms. Circulation 1996;94:2968–2974.
Clair WK, Wilkinson WE, McCarthy EA, Page RL, Pritchett ELC. Spontaneous occurrence of symptomatic PAF and paroxysmal SVT in untreated patients. Circulation 1993;87:1114–1122.
Page RL, Wilkinson WE, Clair WK, McCarthy EA, Pritchett ELC. Asymptomatic arrhythmias in patients with symptomatic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. Circulation 1994;89:224–227.
Rose MS, Gillis AM, Sheldon RS. Evaluation of the bias in using the time to first event when the inter event intervals have aWeibull distribution. Stat in Med 1999;18(2):139–154.
Padeletti L, Porciani MC, Michelucci A, Colella A, Ticci P, Vena S, Costoli A, Ciapetti C, Pieragnoli P, Gensini GF. Interatrial septum pacing: a new approach to prevent recurrent atrial fibrillation. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 1999; 3(1):35–43.
Bailin SJ, Adler SW, Gindici MC, Hill MRS, Solinger B. Bachmann's Bundle Pacing for the prevention of Atrial Fibrillation: Initial trends in a multi-center randomized prospective study. Pace 1999;22(II):727.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Mehra, R., Kaemmerer, B. & Fitts, S. Lessons Learnt from Multisite Pacing for AF Management—Technical Challenges. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 4 (Suppl 1), 69–79 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009826414487
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009826414487