References
Myerburg RJ, Interian A Jr, Mitrani RM, Kessler KM, Castellanos A. Frequency of sudden death and profiles of risk. Am J Cardiol 1997;80(58):10F-19F.
Liberthson RR, Nagel EL, Hirschman JC, Nussenfeld SR. Prehospital ventricular de~brillation. Prognosis and follow-up course. N Engl J Med 1974;291:317–321.
Baum RS, Alvarez H, Cobb LA. Survival after resuscitatio from out-of-hospital ventricular fibrillation. Circulation 1974;50:1231–1235.
Myerburg RJ, Kessler KM, Estes D, Conde CA, Luceri RM, Zaman L, Koslovskis PL, Castellanos A. Long-term survival after prehospital cardiac arrest: Analysis of outcome during an 8 year study. Circulation 1984;70:538–546.
Wilber DJ, Garan H, Finkelstein D, Kelly E, Newell J, McGovern B, Ruskin JN. Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: Use of electrophysiological testing in the prediction of long-term outcome. N Engl J Med 1988;318:19–24.
Furukawa T, Rozanski JJ, Nogami A, Moroe K, Gosselin AJ, Lister JW. Time-dependent risk of and predictors for cardiac arrest recurrence in survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with chronic coronary artery disease. Circulation 1989;80:599–608.
Ruskin JN, DiMarco JP, Garan H. Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: Electrophysiologic observations and selection of long-term antiarrhythmic therapy. N Engl J Med 1980;303: 607–613.
Weaver WD, Lorch GS, Alvarez HA, Cobb LA. Angiographic findings and prognostic indicators in patients resuscitated from sudden cardiac death. Circulation 1976;54:895–900.
Morady F, Scheinmann MM, Hess DS, Sung RJ, Shen E, Shapiro W. Electrophysiologic testing in the management of survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Am J Cardiol 1983;51:85–89.
Skale BT, Miles WM, Heger JJ, Zipes DP, Prystowsky EN. Survivors of cardiac arrest: Prevention of recurrence by drug therapy as predicted by electrophysiologic testing or electrocardiographic monitoring. Am J Cardiol 1986;57:113–119.
Eldar M, Sauve MJ, Scheinmann MM. Electrophysiologic testing and follow-up in patients with aborted sudden death. J Am Coll Cardiol 1987;10:291–298.
Freedman RA, Swerdlow CD, Soderholm-Difatte V, Mason JW. Prognostic significance of arrhythmic inducibility or noninducibiolity at initial electrophysiologic study in survivors of cardiac arrest. Am J Cardiol 1988;61:578–582.
Mirowski M, Reid P, Mower M, et al. Termination of malignant ventricular arrhythmias with an implanted automatic defibrillator in human beings. N Engl J Med 1980;303: 322–324.
Winkle RA, Mead RH, Ruder MA, et al. Long-term outcome with the automatic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. J Am Coll Cardiol 1989;13:1353–1361.
Fogoros RN, Elson JJ, Bonnet CA, Fiedler SB, Burkholder JA. Efficacy of the automatic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator in prolonging survival in patients with severe heart disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 1990;16:381–386.
Newman D, Sauve MJ, Herre J, et al. Survival after implantation of the cardioverter defibrillator. Am J Cardiol 1992;69:889–903.
Tchou PJ, Kadri N, Anderson J, et al. Automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillators and survival of patients with left ventricular dysfunction and malignant ventricular arrhythmias. Ann Intern Med 1988;109:529–534.
Levine JH, Mellits ED, Baumgardner RA, et al. Predictors of first discharge and subsequent survivals in patients with automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillators. Circulation 1991;84:558–566.
Marchena E, Chakko S, Fernandez P, et al. Usefulness of the automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillator in improving survival of patients with severely depressed left ventricular function associated with coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol 1991;67:812–816.
Myerburg RJ, Luceri RM, Thurer R, et al. Time to first shock and clinical outcome in patients receiving an automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillator. J Am Coll Cardiol 1989;14:508–514.
Mason JW. A comparison of seven antiarrhythmic drugs in patients with ventricular tachyarrhythmias. N Engl J Med 1993;329:452–458.
The CASCADE Investigators. Randomized antiarrhythmic drug therapy in survivors of cardiac arrest (The CASCADE study). Am J Cardiol 1993;72:280–287.
The Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trial (CAST) Investigators. Preliminary report: Effect of encainide and flecainide on mortality in a randomized trial of arrhythmia suppression after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1989; 321:406–412.
The Cardiac Arrhythmia Supression Trial II Investigators. Effect of the antiarrhythmic agent moricizine on survival after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1992;327:227–233.
Kim SG. Implantable defibrillator therapy: Does it really prolong life? How can we prove it? Am J Cardiol 1992;71: 1213–1216.
Kuck KH, Cappato R, Siebels J. ICD therapy. In: Camm AJ, ed. Clinical Approaches to Tachyar Rhythmias, Armonk, NY: Futura Publishing Company, Inc; 1996.
Epstein AE. AVID necessity. PACE 1993;16:1773–1775.
Kim SG, Fogoros RN, Furman S, Connolly SJ, Kuck KH, Moss AJ. Standardized reporting of ICD patient outcome: The report of the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology policy conference, February 9–10, 1993. PACE 1993;16:1358–1363.
Wever EFD, Hauer RNW, van Capelle FJI, Tijssen JGP, Crijns HJGM, Algra A, Wiesfeld ACP, Bakker PFA, Robles de Medina EO. Randomized study of implantable defibrillator as first-choice therapy versus conventional strategy in postinfarct sudden death survivors. Circulation 1995;91: 2195–2203.
The Antiarrhythmic versus Implantable Defibrillators (AVID) Investigators. A comparison of antiarrhythmic drug therapy with implantable defibrillators in patients resuscitated from near-fatal ventricular arrhythmias. N Engl J Med 1997;337:1576–1583.
Siebels J, Cappato R, Rüppel R, Schneider MAE, Kuck KH, and the CASH Investigators. ICD versus drugs in cardiac arrest survivors: preliminary results of the cardiac arrest study Hamburg. PAGE 1993;16:552–558.
Kuck KH, on behalf of the CASH Investigators. The CASH study: Final results. Oral presentation at the Annual Session of the American College of Cardiology meeting held in Atlanta, March 29-April 1, 1998
Connolly SJ, Gent M, Roberts RS, Dorian P, Green MS, Klein GJ, Mitchell LB, Sheldon RS, Roy D, on behalf of the CIDS Co-investigators. Canadian Implantable Defibrillator Study (CIDS): Study design and organization. Am J Cardiol 1993;72:103F-108F.
Connolly, on behalf of the CIDS Investigators. The CIDS study: Final results. Oral presentation at the Annual Session of the American College of Cardiology meeting held in Atlanta, March 29-April 1, 1998
ACC/AHA guidelines for implantation of cardiac pacemakers and antiarhythmia devices. A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on practice guidelines (Committee on pacemakers implantation). J Am Coll Cardiol 1998;31:1175–1209.
Redfield MM, Gersh BJ, Bailey KR, Ballard DJ, Rodeheffer RJ. Natural hystory of dilated cardiomyopathy: effect of referral bias and secular trend. J Am Coll Cardiol 1993;22: 1921–1926.
Task Force of the Working Group on Arrhythmia of the European Society of Cardiology. The early termination of clinical trials: Causes, consequences, and control. Circulation 1994;89:2892–2907.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Cappato, R., Kuck, KH. Secondary Prevention of Sudden Death. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 4 (Suppl 1), 39–44 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009810010852
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009810010852