Skip to main content
Log in

Negative Polarity Item Licensing in Hungarian

  • Published:
Acta Linguistica Hungarica

Abstract

The present paper is concerned with licensing Negative Polarity Items (NPI) in Hungarian, both locally and across clause boundaries. Two types of NPIs are described and their distributional properties are examined. After considering two possible analyses of NPI-licensing, one based on Generalized Binding and one capitalizing on the properties of NPIs as indefinites, I argue that Hungarian NPIs are better captured within the latter framework. Data are drawn from different constructions like wh-questions with rhetorical readings, long distance lincensing of negatives, factive islands, and multiple negation within a single clause. I conclude that in Hungarian the two different NPIs should be distinguished and that they involve different licensing mechanisms, both crucially depending on their indefiniteness.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Adams, M. 1985. Government of empty subjects in factive clausal complements. In: Linguistic Inquiry 16: 305-13.

    Google Scholar 

  • Aoun, J. 1985. A grammar of anaphora. The MIT Press, Cambridge MA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Aoun, J. 1986. Generalized binding. Foris, Dordrecht, Holland.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baker, C.L. 1970. Double negatives. In: Linguistic Inquiry 1: 169-86.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barwise, J. Cooper, R. 1981. Generalized quantifiers and natural language. In: Linguistics and Philosophy 4: 159-219.

    Google Scholar 

  • Belletti, A. 1990. Generalised verb movement. Rosenberg & Sellier, Torino.

    Google Scholar 

  • Borkin, A. 1971. Polarity items in questions. In: CLS 7: 53-62.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brody, M. 1990. Remarks on the order of elements in the Hungarian Focus Field. In: Kenesei, I. (ed.): Approaches to Hungarian, 3: 95-122. JATE, Szeged.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brody, M. 1995. Focus and Checking Theory. In: Kenesei, I. (ed.): Approaches to Hungarian, 5: 29-44. JATE, Szeged.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carlson, G.N. 1980. Polarity any is existential. In: Linguistic Inquiry 11: 799-804.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chomsky, N. 1981. Lectures on government and binding. Foris, Dordrecht, Holland.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chomsky, N. 1986. Barriers. The MIT Press, Cambridge MA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chomsky, N. 1992. A Minimalist Program for Linguistic Theory. In: MIT Occasional Papers in Linguistics 1, Cambridge MA.

  • Giannakidou, A. 1994. The semantic licensing of NPIs and the Modern Greek subjunctive. In: Language and Cognition 4, University of Groningen.

  • Giannakidou, A.-Quer, J. 1995a. Two mechanisms for the licensing of negative indefinites. In: Gabriele, L. et al. (eds): Papers from the 6th Annual Meeting of the Formal Linguistics Society of Midamerica, IULC Publications, Bloomington IN.

    Google Scholar 

  • Giannakidou, A.-Quer, J. 1995b. Long distance licensing of negative indefinites. Ms. University of Groningen and University of Utrecht.

  • Haegeman, L. 1992. Sentential negation in Italian and the Negative Criterion. In: Geneva Generative Papers 0, Universitè de Genève.

  • Haegeman, L.-Zanuttini, R. 1991. Negative heads and the neg criterion. In: The Linguistic Review 8: 233-51.

    Google Scholar 

  • Haspelmath, M. 1993. A typological study of indefinite pronouns. Ph.D. dissertation, Freie Universität Berlin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Higginbotham, J. 1985. On semantics. In: Linguistic Inquiry 16: 547-93.

    Google Scholar 

  • Horn, L.R. 1978. Remarks on neg-raising. In: Cole, P. (ed.): Syntax and Semantics, 9: 129-220. Academic Press, San Diego

    Google Scholar 

  • Horn, L.R. 1989. A natural history of negation. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago IL.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hunyadi, L. 1981. Remarks on the syntax and semantics of topic and focus in Hungarian. In: Acta Linguistica Hungarica 31: 107-36.

    Google Scholar 

  • Karttunen, L. 1977. Syntax and semantics of questions. In: Linguistics and Philosophy 1: 3-44.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kenesei, I. 1992. On Hungarian complementizers. In: Kenesei, I.-Plèh, Cs. (eds): Approaches to Hungarian, 4: 37-50. JATE, Szeged.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kenesei, I. to appear. Finno-Ugric. In: Vincent, N. (ed.): Complementation in the languages of Europe. Mouton de Gruyter, New York.

  • Kiparsky, P.-Kiparsky, C. 1971. Fact. Reprinted in Steinberg D.D.-Jakobovits, L.A. (eds). Semantics, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ladusaw, W.A. 1979. Logical Form and conditions on grammaticality. In: Linguistics and Philosophy 6: 373-92.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ladusaw, W.A. 1980. Polarity sensitivity as inherent scope relations. Garland, New York and London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ladusaw, W.A. 1992. Expressing negation. In: SALT II Proceedings. The Ohio State University, Ohio.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ladusaw, W.A. 1994. Thetic & categorial, stage & individual, weak & strong. In: SALT IV Proceedings. University of Rochester, NY.

    Google Scholar 

  • Laka, I. 1990. Negation in syntax: on the nature of functional categories and projections. Ph.D. dissertation, MIT, Cambridge MA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lawler, J.M. 1971. Any questions? In: CLS 7: 163-73.

    Google Scholar 

  • Linebarger, M.C. 1981. The grammar of negative polarity. The Indiana University Linguistics Club, Bloomington IN.

    Google Scholar 

  • Piñón, C.J. 1992. Heads in the Focus Field. In: Kenesei, I.-Plèh, Cs. (eds): Approaches to Hungarian, 4: 99-122. JATE, Szeged.

    Google Scholar 

  • Piñón, C.J. 1993. SigmaP and Hungarian. In: Mead, J. (ed.): The Proceedings of WCCFL 11: 388-404. CSLI, Stanford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Progovac, L. 1988. A binding approach to polarity sensitivity. Ph.D. dissertation. University of Southern California, Los Angeles CA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Progovac, L. 1991. Polarity in Serbo-Croatian: anaphoric NPIs and pronominal PPIs. In: Linguistic Inquiry 22: 567-72.

    Google Scholar 

  • Progovac, L. 1992a. Negative polarity: a semantico-syntactic account. In: Lingua 86: 271-99.

    Google Scholar 

  • Progovac, L. 1992b. Non negative polarity licensing must involve Comp. In: Linguistic Inquiry 23: 341-7.

    Google Scholar 

  • Puskás, G. 1992. The Negative Criterion in Hungarian. Ms. Universitè de Genève.

  • Rizzi, L. 1990. Relativized minimality. The MIT Press, Cambridge MA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rooryck, J. 1991. Negative and factive islands revisited. Ms. Indiana University.

  • Ross, J.R. 1967. Constraints on variables in syntax. Ph.D. dissertation, MIT, Cambridge MA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roussou, A. 1992. Factive complements and wh-movement in Modern Greek. In: UCL Working Papers in Linguistics Vol. 4.

  • Szabolesi, A. 1994. Szintaxis, szemantika, nyelvi èrintkezès [Syntax, semantics and language contact] Talk given in Budapest at the Telegdi conference, 1994.

  • Varlokosta, S. 1994. Issues on Modern Greek sentential complementation. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Pennsylvania.

  • Vendler, Z. 1979. Telling the facts. In: Kiefer F.-Searle, J. (eds): Speech act theory and pragmatics. Reidel, Dordrecht.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zanuttini, R. 1991. Syntactic properties of sentential negation: a comparative study of Romance languages. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Pennsylvania.

  • Zubizaretta, M. 1982. Theoretical implications of subject extraction in Portuguese. In: The Linguistic Review 2: 79-96.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Tóth, I. Negative Polarity Item Licensing in Hungarian. Acta Linguistica Hungarica 46, 119–142 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009681909512

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009681909512

Keywords

Navigation