Abstract
Cellulose/poly(acryloyl morpholine) (CELL/PACMO) compo sites were synthesized by bulk polymerization in the gel state of cellulose impregnated with reactive ACMO monomer. The thermal transition behaviour and phase structure of the CELL/PACMO composites obtained in film form were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and solid-state 13C NMR spectroscopy. For compositions rich in PACMO (CELL ≤ 30 wt %), it was revealed by DSC and DMA that the synthesized samples gave a composition-dependent Tg value higher than that of PACMO homopolymer, and the magnitude of the lowering of their dynamic modulus E′ in the glass transition region became extremely small in comparison with the corresponding drop in E′ noted for plain PACMO samples. These observations were interpreted as being due to the development of an interpenetrating polymer network (IPN)-type organization, resulting from successful fixation of an original netw ork structure of cellulose gels into the polymerized bulks. From the measurements of proton spin-lattice relaxation times in the NMR study, the IPN-like composites were estimated to be substantially homogeneous on a scale of a few nanometers. 0969--0239 © 1998 Blackie Academic & Professional
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
MacKnight, W. J., Karasz, F. E. and Fried, J. R. (1978) Solid state transition behaviour of blends. In Polymer Blends, Vol. 1 (D. R. Paul and S. Newman, eds). New York: Academic Press, pp. 185–242.
Masson, J.-F. and Manley, R. St. J. (1991a) Cellulose/poly(4-vinylpyridine) blends. Macromolecules 24, 5914–5921.
Masson, J.-F. and Manley, R. St. J. (1991b) Miscible blends of cellulose and poly(vinylpyrrolidone). Macromolecules 24, 6670–6679.
Masson, J.-F. and Manley, R. St. J. (1992) Solid-state NMR of some cellulose/synthetic polymer blends. Macromolecules 25, 589–592.
McBrietry, V. J. and Douglass, D. C. (1981) Recent advances in the NMR of solid polymers. J. Polym. Sci.: Macromol. Rev. 16, 295–366.
Miyashita, Y., Kimura, N., Nishio, Y. and Suzuki, H. (1994) Transition behavior and phase structure of cellulose/poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) composites prepared by a solution coagulation/bulk polymerization method. Kobunshi Ronbunshu 51, 466–471.
Miyashita, Y., Nishio, Y., Kimura, N., Suzuki, H. and Iwata, M. (1996) Transition behaviour of cellulose/poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone-co-glycidyl methacrylate) composites synthesized by a solution coagulation/bulk polymerization method. Polymer 37, 1949–1957.
Miyashita, Y., Yamada, Y., Kimura, N., Suzuki, H., Iwata, M. and Nishio, Y. (1997a) Phase structure of chitin/poly(glycidyl methacrylate) composites synthesized by a solution coagulation/bulk polymerization method. Polymer 38, 6181–6187.
Miyashita, Y., Kobayashi, R., Kimura, N., Suzuki, H. and Nishio, Y. (1997b) Transition behaviour and phase structure of chitin/poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) composites synthesized by a solution coagulation/bulk polymerization method. Carbohydr. Polym. (in press).
Nishio, Y. and Hirose, N. (1992) Cellulose/poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) composites prepared via solution coagulation and subsequent bulk polymerization. Polymer 33, 1519–1524.
Nishio, Y. and Manley, R. St. J. (1988) Cellulose/poly(vinyl alcohol) blends prepared from solutions in N,N-dimethylacetamide-lithium chloride. Macromolecules 21, 1270–1277.
Nishio, Y., Roy, S. K. and Manley, R. St. J. (1987) Blends of cellulose with polyacrylonitrile prepared from N,N-dimethylacetamide-lithium chloride solutions. Polymer 28, 1385–1390.
Nishio, Y., Hirose, N. and Takahashi, T. (1989) Thermal analysis of cellulose/poly(ethylene oxide) blends. Polym. J. 21, 347–351.
Zhang, X., Takegoshi, K. and Hikichi, K. (1992) High-resolution solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance study on poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) blends. Polymer 33, 712–717.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
MIYASHITA, Y., KIMURA, N., SUZUKI, H. et al. Cellulose/poly(acryloyl morpholine) composites: synthesis by solution coagulation/bulk polymerization and analysis of phase structure. Cellulose 5, 123–134 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009224931504
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009224931504