Abstract
Lamellar bone is common among primates, either in the form of extended planar circumferential arrays, or as cylindrically shaped osteons. Osteonal bone generally replaces circumferential lamellar bone with time, and it is therefore of much interest to compare the mechanical properties and fracture behavior of these two forms of lamellar bone. This is, however, difficult as natural specimens of circumferential lamellar bone large enough for standard mechanical tests are not available. We found that as a result of treatment with large doses of alendronate, the lateral sides of the diaphyses of baboon tibia contained fairly extensive regions of circumferential lamellar bone, the structure of which appears to be indistinguishable from untreated lamellar bone. Three-point bending tests were used to determine the elastic and ultimate properties of almost pure circumferential lamellar bone and osteonal bone in four different orientations relative to the tibia long axis. After taking into account the differences in porosity and extent of mineralization of the two bone types, the flexural modulus, bending strength, fracture strain and nominal work-to-fracture properties were similar for the same orientations, with some exceptions. This implies that it is the lamellar structure itself that is mainly responsible for these mechanical properties. The fracture behavior and morphologies of the fracture surfaces varied significantly with orientation in both types of bone. This is related to the microstructure of lamellar bone. Osteonal bone exhibited quite different damage-related behavior during fracture as compared to circumferential lamellar bone. Following fracture the two halves of osteonal bone remained attached whereas in circumferential lamellar bone they separated. These differences could well provide significant adaptive advantages to osteonal bone function.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
J. D. CURREY, in "The Mechanical Adaptations of Bones" (Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 1984).
D. H. ENLOW, Texas J. Sci. 10 (1958) 187.
A. DE RICQLÉS, F. J. MEUNIER, J. CASTANET and H. FRANCILLON-VIEILLOT, in "Bone", Vol. 3, edited by B. K. Hall (CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1991) p. 1.
R. A. ROBINSON, J. Bone Joint Surg. 34A (1952) 389.
M. J. GLIMCHER, Rev. Mod. Phys. 31 (1959) 313.
S. WEINER and W. TRAUB, FEBS Lett. 206 (1986) 262.
Idem., FASEB J. 6 (1992) 879.
W. GEBHARDT, Arch. Entwickl. Mech. Org. 20 (1906) 187.
J. W. SMITH, J. Anat. 94 (1960) 329.
M. M. GIRAUD-GUILLE, Calcif. Tissue Int. 42 (1988) 167.
S. WEINER, T. ARAD, I. SABANAY and W. TRAUB, Bone 20 (1997) 509.
E. B. RUTH, Amer. J. Anat. 80 (1947) 35.
G. MAROTTI, Calcif. Tissue Int. 53 (1993) 547.
R. A. ROBINSON and S. R. ELLIOT, J. Bone Joint Surg. 39A (1957) 167.
E. P. KATZ and S. LI, J. Mol. Biol. 80 (1973) 1.
J. D. CURREY, J. Biomech. 21 (1988) 131.
R. B. MARTIN and D. L. BOARDMAN, ibid. 26 (1993) 1047.
J. JOWSEY, Clin. Orthop. 17 (1960) 210.
F. G. EVANS and R. VINCENTELLI, J. Biomech. 2 (1969) 63.
C. M. RIGGS, L. C. VAUGHAN, G. P. EVANS, L. E. LANYON and A. BOYDE, Anat. Embryol. 187 (1993) 239.
M. W. MASON, J. G. SKEDROS and R. D. BLOEBAUM, Bone 17 (1995) 229.
R. B. MARTIN, S. T. LAU, P. V. MATHEWS, V. A. GIVSON and S. M. STOVER, J. Biomech. 29 (1996) 1515.
A. SIMKIN and G. ROBIN, J. Biomech. 6 (1973) 31.
A. ASCENZI, P. BASCHEIRI and A. BENVENUTI, ibid. 23 (1990) 763.
V. ZIV, H. D. WAGNER and S. WEINER, Bone 18 (1996) 417.
J. D. CURREY, J. Anat. 98 (1959) 87.
D. B. BURR, M. B. SCHAFFLER and R. G. FREDRICKSON, J. Biomech. 21 (1988) 939.
D. D. THOMPSON, J. G. SEEDOR, H. QUARTUCCIO, H. SOLOMON, C. FIORAVANTI, J. DAVIDSON, H. KLEIN, R. JACKSON, J. CLAIR, D. FRANKENFIELD, E. BROWN, H. A. SIMMONS and G. A. RODAN, J. Bone Min. Res. 7 (1992) 951.
R. BALENA, B. C. TOOLAN, M. SHEA, A. MARKATOS, E. R. MYERS, S. C. LEE, E. E. OPAS, J. G. SEEDOR, H. KLE IN, D. FRANKENFIELD, H. QUARTUCCIO, C. FIORAVANT I, J. CLAIR, E. BROWN, W. C. HAYES and G. A. RODAN, J. Clin. Invest. 92 (1993) 2577.
A. H. BURSTEIN, J. D. CURREY, V. H. FRANKEL and D. T. REILLY, J. Biomech. 5 (1972) 35.
T. S. KELLER, Z. MAO and D. M. SPENGLER, J. Orthop. Res. 8 (1990) 592.
D. D. MOYLE and R. W. BOWDEN, J. Biomech. 17 (1984) 203.
D. T. REI LLY and A. H. BURSTEIN, ibid. 8 (1975) 393.
R. F. KER and P. ZIOUPOS, Comments Theor. Biol. 4 (1997) 151.
W. T. DEMPSTER and R. T. LIDDICOAT, Amer. J. Anat. 91 (1952) 331.
W. BONFIELD and M. D. GRYNPAS, Nature 270 (1977) 453.
J. L. KATZ, ibid. 283 (1980) 106.
J. D. CURREY, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 304 (1984) 509.
C. H. TURNER, A. CHARDRAN and R. M. V. PIDAPARTI, Bone 17 (1995) 85.
J. L. KATZ, H. S. YOON, S. LIPSOM, R. MAHARIDGE, A. MEUNIER and P. CHRISTEL, Calcif. Tissue Int. 36 (1984) S31.
Idem., J. Biomech. 23 (1990) 837.
V. ZIV, I. SABANAY, T. ARAD, W. TRAUB and S. WEINER, Microsc. Res. Tech. 33 (1996) 203.
J. D. CURREY, Quart. J. Microscope Sci. 103 (1962) 111.
G. CORONDAN and W. L. HAWORTH, J. Biomech. 19 (1986) 207.
K. PIEKARSKI, J. Applied. Phys. 41 (1970) 215.
J. L. KATZ and A. A. MEUNIER, J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med. 1 (1990) 1.
N. SASAKI, T. IKAWA and A. FUKUDA, J. Biomech. 24 (1991) 57.
H. D. WAGNER and S. WEINER ibid. 25 (1992) 1311.
J. D. CURREY, K. BREAR and P. ZIOUPOS, ibid. 27 (1994) 885.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Liu, D., Wagner, H.D. & Weiner, S. Bending and fracture of compact circumferential and osteonal lamellar bone of the baboon tibia. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine 11, 49–60 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008989719560
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008989719560