Abstract
The performance of a continuous bioreactor containing Clostridium beijerinckii BA101 adsorbed onto clay brick was examined for the fermentation of acetone, butanol, and ethanol (ABE). Dilution rates from 0.3 to 2.5 h−1 were investigated with the highest solvent productivity of 15.8 g l−1 h−1 being obtained at 2.0 h−1. The solvent yield at this dilution rate was found to be 0.38 g g−1 and total solvent concentration was 7.9 g l−1. The solvent yield was maximum at 0.45 at a dilution rate of 0.3 h−1. The maximum solvent productivity obtained was found to be 2.5 times greater than most other immobilized continuous and cell recycle systems previously reported for ABE fermentation. A higher dilution rate (above 2.0 h−1) resulted in acid production rather than solvent production. This reactor was found to be stable for over 550 h. Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) demonstrated that a large amount of C. beijerinckii cells were adsorbed onto the brick support.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Afschar, A.S., Biebl, H., Schaller, K. & Schugerl, K. 1985 Production of acetone and butanol by Clostridium acetobutylicum in continuous culture with cell recycle. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 22, 394-398.
Annous, B. & Blaschek, H.P. 1991 Isolation and characterization of Clostridium acetobutylicum mutants with enhanced amylolytic activity. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 57, 2544-2548.
Ennis, B.M., Maddox, I.S. & Schoutens, G.H. 1986 Immobilized Clostridium acetobutylicum for continuous butanol production from whey permeate. New Zealand Journal of Dairy Science and Technology 21, 99-109.
Fick, M., Pierrot, P. & Engasser, J.M. 1985 Optimal conditions for long-term stability of acetone-butanol production by continuous cultures of Clostridium acetobutylicum. Biotechnology Letters 7, 503-508.
Forberg, C., Enfors, S-O. & Haggström, L. 1983 Control of immobilized, non growing cells for continuous production of metabolites. European Journal of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 17, 143-147.
Forberg, C. & Haggström, L. 1985 Control of cell adhesion and activity during continuous production of acetone and butanol with adsorbed cells. Enzyme and Microbial Technology 7, 230-234.
Formanek, J., Mackie, R. & Blaschek, H.P. 1997 Enhanced butanol production by Clostridium beijerinckii BA101 grown in semi-defined P2 medium containing 6 percent maltodextrin or glucose. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 63, 2306-2310.
Frick, C. & Schugerl, K. 1986 Continuous acetone-butanol production with free and immobilized Clostridium acetobutylicum. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 25, 186-193.
Godin, C. & Engasser, J.M. 1990 Two-stage continuous fermentation of Clostridium acetobutylicum: effects of pH and dilution rate. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 33, 269-273.
Haggström, L. & Molin, N. 1980 Calcium alginate immobilized cells of Clostridium acetobutylicum for solvent production. Biotechnology Letters 2, 241-246.
Krouwel, P.G., Groot, W.J., Kossen, N.W.F. & van der Lann, W.F.M. 1983 Continuous isopropanol-butanol-ethanol fermentation by immobilized Clostridium beijerinckii cells in a packed bed fermenter. Enzyme and Microbial Technology 5, 46-54.
Krouwel, P.G., van der Laan, W.F.M. & Kossen, N.W.F. 1980 Continuous production of n-butanol and isopropanol by immobilized growing Clostridium butylicum cells. Biotechnology Letters 2, 253-258.
Ladisch, M. 1991 Fermentation-derived butanol and scenarios for its uses in energy-related applications. Enzyme and Microbial Technology 13, 280-283.
Largier, S.T., Long, S., Santangelo, J.D., Jones, D.T. & Woods, D.R. 1985 Immobilized Clostridium acetobutylicum P262 mutants for solvent production. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 50, 477-481.
Mollah, A.H. & Stuckey, D.C. 1992 The influence of H2, CO2 and dilution rate on the continuous fermentation of acetone-butanol. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 37, 533-538.
Mulchandani, A. & Volesky, B. 1994 Production of acetone-butanol-ethanol by Clostridium acetobutylicum using a spin filter perfusion bioreactor. Journal of Biotechnology 34, 51-60.
Park, C., Okos, M. & Wankat, P. 1989 Acetone± butanol± ethanol (ABE) fermentation in an immobilized cell trickle bed reactor. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 34, 18-29.
Park, C., Okos, M. & Wankat, P. 1990 Characterization of an immobilized cell, trickle bed reactor during long term butanol (ABE) fermentation. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 36, 207-217.
Pierrot, P., Fick, M. & Engasser, J.M. 1986 Continuous acetone-butanol fermentation with high productivity by cell ultrafiltration and recycling. Biotechnology Letters 8, 253-256.
Qureshi, N. & Blaschek, H.P. 1999 Butanol recovery from model solution/fermentation broth by pervaporation: evaluation of membrane performance. Biomass and Bioenergy 17, 175-184.
Qureshi, N. & Maddox, I.S. 1987 Continuous solvent production from whey permeate using cells of Clostridium acetobutylicum immobilized by adsorption onto bonechar. Enzyme and Microbial Technology 9, 668-671.
Qureshi, N. & Maddox, I.S. 1988 Reactor Design for the ABE fermentation using cells of Clostridium acetobutylicum immobilized by adsorption onto bonechar. Bioprocess Engineering 3, 69-72.
Qureshi, N. & Maddox, I.S. 1991 Integration of continuous production and recovery of solvents from whey permeate: use of immobilized cells of Clostridium acetobutylicum in fluidized bed bioreactor coupled with gas stripping. Bioprocess Engineering 6, 63-69.
Qureshi, N., Paterson, A.H.J. & Maddox, I.S. 1988 Model for continuous production of solvents from whey permeate in a packed bed reactor using cells of Clostridium acetobutylicum immobilized by adsorption onto bonechar. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 29, 323-328.
Schoutens, G.H., Nieuwenhuizen, M.C.H. & Kossen, N.W.F. 1985 Continuous butanol production from whey permeate with immobilized Clostridium beyerinckii LMD 27.6. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 21, 282-286.
Welsh, F.W., Williams, R.E. & Veliky, I.A. 1987 Solid carriers for a Clostridium acetobutylicum that produces acetone and butanol. Enzyme and Microbial Technology 9, 500-502.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Qureshi, N., Schripsema, J., Lienhardt, J. et al. Continuous solvent production by Clostridium beijerinckii BA101 immobilized by adsorption onto brick. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 16, 377–382 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008984509404
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008984509404