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The effect of osteopenia on the osteointegration of different biomaterials: histomorphometric study in rats

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Abstract

The osteointegration of Hydroxyapatite (HA), Titanium (Ti-6Al-4V: Ti), Zirconia (ZrO2), Alumina (Al2O3) and 2 biological glasses (AP40 and RKKP) was comparatively investigated in normal and osteopenic rats by means of histomorphometry. Thirty-six Sprague Dawley female rats were left intact (Group C) while 36 were ovariectomized (Group OVX). Group C and OVX were further divided into 6 subgroups. After 16 weeks all animals were submitted to the femoral implant of nails made of the above-mentioned materials. Eight weeks after implantation the animals were euthanized, the femurs were harvested for histomorphometric analysis. The data showed that: (1) all the tested materials were biocompatible in vitro; (2) no significant differences existed in Affinity Index (AI) of Group C; and (3) results from paired comparison applied to the AI showed significant differences among the Groups C and OVX. The AI did not significantly change among intact groups, while it significantly decreased when some materials were implanted in OVX subgroups (AP40, ZrO2 and Ti-6Al-4V: \({p < 0.0005}\), \({p < 0.05}\) and \({p < 0.01}\)). It is confirmed that bone mineral density is a strong predictor of the osteointegration of an orthopedic implant and that the use of pathological animal models is necessary to completely characterize biomaterials.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Experimental Surgery Department and Chair of Surgical Pathophysiology, University of Bologna, Research Institute Codivilla-Putti, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute (I.O.R.), Via Di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy

    M. Fini, G. Giavaresi, N. Nicoli Aldini, P. Torricelli, G. Morrone & G.-A. Guzzardella

  2. Experimental Surgery Department and Chair of Surgical Pathophysiology, University of Bologna, Research Institute Codivilla-Putti, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute (I.O.R.), Via Di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy

    R. Giardino

  3. Institute for Technological Research on Ceramics of CNR, Faenza-, Italy

    A. Krajewski & A. Ravaglioli

  4. CIBAD Center for Innovative Biomaterials of Ancona, Italy

    M. Mattioli Belmonte, A. De Benedittis & G. Biagini

Authors
  1. M. Fini
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  2. G. Giavaresi
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  3. N. Nicoli Aldini
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  4. P. Torricelli
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  5. G. Morrone
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  6. G.-A. Guzzardella
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  7. R. Giardino
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  8. A. Krajewski
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  9. A. Ravaglioli
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  10. M. Mattioli Belmonte
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  11. A. De Benedittis
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  12. G. Biagini
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Fini, M., Giavaresi, G., Aldini, N.N. et al. The effect of osteopenia on the osteointegration of different biomaterials: histomorphometric study in rats. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine 11, 579–585 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008932303913

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