Abstract
Phytophthora cactorum strains isolated from necrotic stem lesions on Betula pendula seedlings or from Fragaria \( \times \) ananassa plants suffering from crown rot were pathogenic to their host plants. Only isolates from birch caused clear lesions on non-wounded bark of birch. P. cactorum isolates from birch were not detrimental to strawberry. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis revealed variation within P. cactorum, isolates from silver birch having different banding patterns than those from strawberry. UPGMA analysis clustered isolates from silver birch and strawberry plants into separate groups. The data show that the recent outbreak in Finland of P. cactorum in birch could not be caused by the import of strawberry plants affected by crown rot.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Anonymous (1990) BMDP statistical software manual. Vol 1. Univ. Calif. Press. Berkeley
Anonymous (1997) Statistical Yearbook of Forestry. The Finnish Forest Research Instutute. STV Agriculture and Forestry 1997:4. 348 p
Cooke DEI; Kennedy DM, Guy DC, Russell J, Unkles SE and Duncan JM (1996) Relatedness of Group I species of Phytophthoraas assessed by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD's) and sequences of ribosomal DNA. Mycol Res 100: 297-303
Deutschmann F (1954) Eine Wurzelfäule an Erdbeeren, hervorgerufen durch Phytophthora cactorum(Leb. et Cohn) Schroet. Nachrichtenblatt des Deutschen Pflanzenschutzdienstes 6: 7-9
Erwin DC and Ribeiro O. K. 1996. Phytophthoradiseases wordlwide. APS, St. Paul Minnesota
Frivold LH and Mielikäinen K (1991) The silviculture of birch in Scandinavia. In: Lorrain-Smith R and Worrell R (eds) The Commercial Potential of Birch in Scotland (pp 55-65) The Forestry Industry Committee of Great Britain, Edinburgh
Hantula J, Lilja A and Parikka P (1997) Genetic variation and host specificity of Phytophthora cactorumisolated from Europe. Mycol Res 101: 565-572
Kurkela T (1974) Godronia multisporaGroves (Helotiales) and its pathogenicity to Betula verrucosaEhr. and B. pubescensEhr. Karstenia 14: 33-45
Lilja A and Hietala A (1994) Phytophthora cactorumand a novel type Rhizoctoniasp. as forest nursery pathogens. In: Perin R and Sutherland JR (eds) Diseases and Insects in Forest Nurseries (pp 59-64) Dijon (France), October 3-10, 1993. (Les Colloques, nº68) INRA, Paris
Lilja A, Rikala R. Hietala A and Heinonen R (1996) Stem lesions on Betula pendulaseedlings in Finnish forest nurseries and the pathogenicity of Phytophthora cactorum. Eur J For Path 26: 89- 96
Oudemans P and Coffey MD (1991) Isozyme comparison within and among worldwide sources of three morphologically distinct species of Phytophthora. Mycol Res 95: 19-30
Parikka P (1991) Phytophthora cactorumon strawberry in Finland. Nord Jordbruksfor 73: 121.
Petäistö RL (1983) Stem spotting of birch (Betula pendula) in nurseries. Folia For 544: 1-9
Rohlf FJ (1992) NTSYS-pc. Numerical taxonomy and multivariate analysis system. Exeter Publishing, Ltd., Setauket, NY
Seemüller E and Schmidle A (1979) Einfluß der Herkunft von Phytophthora cactorum-Isolaten auf ihre Virulenz an Apfelrinde, Erdbeerrhizomen und Erbeerfrüchten. Phytopath Z 94: 218-225
Van der Scheer, HATH (1971). Isolation of Phytophthora cactorumfrom soil in orchards and strawberry fields and differences in pathogenicity to apple. Netherl J Plant Path 77: 65-72
Stamps DJ, Waterhouse GM, Newhook FJ and Hall GS (1990) Revised key to the species of Phytophthora. Mycol Pap (CMI) 162: 1-28
Waterhouse GM (1963) Key to species of Phytophthorade Bary. Mycol Pap (CMI) 92: 1-22
Williams JGK, Kubelik AR, Livak KJ, Rafalski JA, Tingey SV (1990) DNA polymorphisms amplified by arbitrary primers are useful as genetic markers. Nucleic Acids Res 18: 6531-5
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lilja, A., Karjalainen, R., Parikka, P. et al. Pathogenicity and genetic variation of Phytophthora cactorum from silver birch and strawberry. European Journal of Plant Pathology 104, 529–535 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008644804415
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008644804415