Abstract
Previous research on pay expectations has focused on gender differences and the reasons for those differences. In this study three types of reward expectations were measured. Pay expectations (starting salary and peak salary) were assessed, as well as another reward expectation, ease of promotion. The influences of gender, race, and type of job on reward expectations were investigated. The results indicated that Caucasians have higher peak pay expectations than African Americans for all job types. Interactions were discovered between race and type of job for starting salary, and between gender and type of job for ease of promotion.
This is a preview of subscription content,
to check access.REFERENCES
Bailey, D., Wolfe, D., & Wolfe, C. R. (1996). The contextual impact of social support across race and gender: Implications for African American women in the workplace. Journal of Black Studies, 26, 287–307.
Barnum, P., Liden, R. C., & Ditomaso, N. (1995). Double jeopardy for women and minorities: Pay differences with age. Academy of Management Journal, 38, 863–880.
Bylsma, W. & Major, B. (1992). Two routes to eliminating gender differences in personal entitlement. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 16, 193–200.
Cox, T. H. & Nkomo, S. M. (1991). A race and gender-group analysis of the early career experience of MBAs. Work and Occupations, 18, 431–446.
Davidson, M. J. & Cooper, C. L. (1992). Shattering the Glass Ceiling. London: Chapman.
Dreher, G. & Cox, T. Jr. (1996). Race, gender, and opportunity: A study of compensation attainment and the establishment of mentoring relationships. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81, 297–308.
Gasser, M. B., Oliver, J. A., & Tan, R. N. (1998). The influence of age and type of job on gender differences in pay expectations. Career Development Quarterly, 47, 36–47.
Greenhaus, J. H. & Parasuraman, S. (1993). Job performance attributes and career advancement prospects: An examination of gender and race effects. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 55, 273–297.
Greenhaus, J. H., Parasuraman, S. & Wormley, W. (1990). Effects of race on organizational experiences, job performance evaluations, and career outcomes. Academy of Management Journal, 33, 64–86.
Harville, D. L. (1996). Ability test equity in predicting job performance work samples. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 56, 344–348.
Hunter, J. E., Schmidt, F. L., & Hunter, R. (1979). Differential validity of employment tests by race: A comprehensive review and analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 86, 721–735.
Jackson, L., Gardner, P., & Sullivan, L. (1992). Explaining gender differences in self-pay expectations: Social comparison standards and perceptions of fair pay. Journal of Applied Psychology, 77, 651–663.
Landau, J. (1995). The relationship of race and gender to managers' ratings of promotion potential. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 16, 391–400.
McGuire, G. & Reskin, B. (1993). Authority hierarchies at work: The impact of race and sex. Gender and Society, 7, 487–506.
Major, B. & Konar, E. (1984). An investigation of sex differences in pay expectations and their possible causes. Academy of Management Journal, 27, 777–792.
Major, B., Vanderslice, V., & McFarlin, D. B. (1984). Effects of pay expected on pay received: The confirmatory nature of expectations. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 14, 399–412.
Martin, B. A. (1989). Gender differences in salary expectations when current salary information is provided. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 13, 87–96.
McFarlin, D. B., Frone, M. R., Major, B., & Konar, E. (1989). Predicting career-entry pay expectations: The role of gender-based comparisons. Journal of Business and Psychology, 3, 331–340.
Meier, S., McCarthy, P., & Schmeck, R. (1984). Validity of self-efficacy as a predictor of writing performance. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 8, 107–120.
Pyskoty, C. E., Richman, J. A., & Flaherty, J. A. (1990). Psychosocial assets and mental health of minority medical students. Academic Medicine, 65, 581–585.
Trankina, M. L. (1992). Racio-ethnic differences in confidence in science. Psychological Reports, 71, 235–242.
Tuch, S. & Martin, J. (1991). Race in the workplace: Black/White differences in the sources of job satisfaction. Sociological Quarterly, 32, 103–116.
U.S. Bureau of the Census (1996). Statistical Abstract of the United States (116th edition), Washington, D.C.
U.S. Department of Labor (1977). Dictionary of Occupational Titles (4th ed). Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Gasser, M., Flint, N. & Tan, R. Reward Expectations: The Influence of Race, Gender and Type of Job. Journal of Business and Psychology 15, 321–329 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007876103048
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007876103048