Abstract
Fungi suggested to be used in the control of mosquito larvae produce biologically active cyclopeptides – cyclosporins, which can potentially accumulate in the fish feeding the infected larvae. Whereas toxicity of cyclosporins was observed at the higher doses in man and various experimental animals, the fish tolerated surprisingly high cyclosporin blood levels. Hydroxy-cyclosporins predominated among metabolites excreted into water. In contrast, various N-demethylated cyclosporins created the major part of metabolites identified in the liver and bile. Two new metabolites are described – AM1N and AM6N,10N, which were not so far reported from mammals. Due to the much higher tolerance to cyclosporin, brown bullhead can serve the experimental model to obtain cyclosporin metabolites.
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Jegorov, A., Halada, P. & Šafarčík, K. Cyclosporin A metabolism in brown bullhead, Ameriurus nebulosus. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 23, 257–264 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007844212439
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007844212439
- brown bullhead
- cyclic peptides
- cyclosporin
- mass spectrometry
- metabolites