Abstract
In this paper, instrumented tension-impact (dynamic tensile) and instrumented Charpy impact test results for AISI 308 stainless steel welds at room temperature are reported. A few Charpy specimens precracked to a/W (crack length to width ratio) ratios of 0.42 to 0.59 were also tested. Dynamic yield strength obtained from tension-impact test agrees well with that from Charpy V-notch specimens. The strain rates obtained during the tension-impact test are compared with the various estimates of strain rates for V-notch and precracked Charpy specimens. A variation of the compliance changing rate method was necessary for determining the crack initiation point while crack growth was determined by power law key-curve procedure. J-R curves thus obtained from Charpy (precracked and V-notch) specimens are compared with those computed using handbook procedures using dynamic tensile results.
Key words: Tension-impact testing, 308 stainless steel weld, Charpy V-notch, dynamic fracture toughness, dynamic yield strength, J-R curve, strain rate, key-curve.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Albertini, C., Montagnani, M., Cenerini, R. and Curiori, S. (1983). Dynamic mechanical properties of austenitic stainless steels—fitting of experimental data on constitutive equations. Transactions of The 7th International Conference on Structural Mechanics in Reactor Technology(SMiRT 7), L, Paper No. L2/4, North-Holland Physics, Amsterdam, 53–62.
ASTME 1152-87 (1990a). Standard test method for J-Rcurve. Annual Book of ASTMStandards, 03.01American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA.
ASTM E 23-88 (1990b). Standard methods for notched bar impact testing of metallic materials. Annual Book of ASTM Standards 03.01, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA.
ASTM E 813 (1990c). Standard test method for JIC, a measure of fracture toughness. Annual Book of ASTM Standards 03.01, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA.
Bernard, J. and Verzeletti, G. (1985). Elasto-plastic fracture toughness characterisation of irradiated 316H grade stainless steel. Elastic-Plastic Fracture Test Methods: User's ExperienceASTM STP 856(Edited by E.T. Wessel and F.J. Loss), American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA, 131–149.
Bhanu Sankarao, K., Valsan, M. and Mannan, S.L. (1990). Strain controlled low cycle fatigue behaviour of Type 304 stainless steel base, Type 308 stainless steel weld and 304/308 stainless steel weldments. Materials Science and Engineering A130, 67.
Chipperfield, C.G. (1976). Detection and toughness characterisation of ductile initiation in 316 stainless steel. International Journal of Fracture 12(6), 873–886.
Clausing, D.P. (1970). Effect of plastic strain state on ductility and toughness. International Journal of Fracture Mechanics 6, 71–85.
Dieter, G.E. (1986). Mechanical Metallurgy, McGraw-Hill Book Co., 3rd Edition.
Ernst, H.A. (1983). Materials resistance and instability beyond J-controlled crack growth. Elastic-Plastic Fracture: Second Symposium(Vol.I-Inelastic Crack analysis), ASTM STP 803(Edited by C.F. Shih and J.P. Gudas), American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA, I-191-I-213.
Fenerol, C., Balladon, P. and Heritier, J. (1984). Influence of loading rates on the ductile crack growth of austenitic stainless steels. Advances in Fracture Research: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Fracture (ICF-6), Dec. 4-10, New Delhi, India (Edited by S.R. Valluri, D.M.R. Taplin, P. Rama Rao, J.F. Knott and R. Dubey), Pergamon Press Inc., 1215–1222.
Herrera, R. and Landes, J.D. (1990). Direct J-Rcurve methodology: a guide to the methodology. Fracture Mechanics: Twenty-First Symposium, ASTM STP 1074(Edited by J.P. Gudas, J.A. Joyce and E.M. Hackett), American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA, 24–43.
Interrante, C.G. and Low, S.R. (1980). Computer assisted impact testing. Computer Automation in Materials Testing, ASTMSTP 710(Edited by B.C. Wonsiewicz), American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA, 188–200.
Ireland, D.R. (1974). Procedures for testing and data analysis. Instrumented ImpactTesting, ASTM STP 563, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA, 3–29.
Joyce, J.A. (1992). Jresistance curve testing of short crack bend specimens using unloading compliance. Fracture Mechanics: Twenty-Second Symposium(Vol.1), ASTM STP 1131(Edited by H.A. Ernst, A. Saxena and D.L, McDowell), American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA, 904–924.
Kobayashi, T. (1984a). Analysis of impact properties of A533 steel for nuclear reactor pressure vessel by instrumented Charpy impact test. Engineering Fracture Mechanics 19(1), 49–65.
Kobayashi, T. (1984b). On the information about fracture characteristics obtained from instrumented impact test of A533 steel for reactor pressure vessel. Engineering Fracture Mechanics 19(1), 67–79.
Kobayashi, T., Yamamoto, I. and Niinomi, M. (1993). Introduction of a new dynamic fracture toughness evaluation system. Journal of Testing and Evaluation 21(3), 145–153.
Kumar, A.S., Schubert, L.E., Hamilton, M.L. and Cannon, N.S. (1995). Size effects on the upper shelf energy of a neutron irradiated pressure vessel steel weld metal. Journal of Nuclear Materials 225, 238–244.
Kumar, V., German, M.D. and Shih, C.F. (1981). An Engineering Approach to Elastic-Plastic Fracture. EPRI Report NP-1931, Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA, U.S.A.
Kurishita, H., Kayano, H., Narui, M., Yamazaki, M., Kano, Y. and I. Shibahara. (1993). Effects of V-notch dimensions on Charpy impact test results for differently sized miniature specimens of ferritic steel. Materials Transactions(JIM) 34, 1042–1052.
Lequear, H.A. and Lubahn, J.D. (1954). Root conditions in a V-notch Charpy impact specimen. Welding Journal 33, 585s–588s.
Little, E.A. (1986). Fracture mechanics evaluation of neutron irradiated Type 321 austenitic steel. Journal of Nuclear Materials 139, 261–276.
Markowich, M., Rosenthal, Y. and Adam, G. (1987). Experience with a digitised instrumented impact testing system. Journal of Testing and Evaluation 15(5), 265–273.
Mills, W.J. (1997). Fracture toughness of Type 304 and 316 stainless steels and their welds. International Materials Reviews 42(2), 45–82.
Nishida, M. (1984). Stress Concentration, 5th Edition, Morikita Publishers, Japan, 572.
O'Donnell, I.J., Huthmann, H. and Tavassoli, A.A. (1991). The fracture toughness behaviour of austenitic steels and weld metal including the effects of thermal aging and irradiation. Proceedings of International Seminar on Fracture in Austenitic Components, October 8–9, Saclay, France, 2–27.
Ray, S.K., Sreenivasan, P.R., Samuel, K.G. and Rodriguez, P. (1984). Quality control for nuclear grade austenitic stainless steels using Charpy impact testing. Advances in Fracture Research: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Fracture (ICF-6), Dec. 4–10, New Delhi, India (Edited by S.R. Valluri, D.M.R. Taplin, P. Rama Rao, J.F. Knott and R. Dubey), Pergamon Press Inc., 3221–3228.
Sainte Catherine, C., Yuritzinn, T, Sirvent, A., Cariou, Y. and Martelet, B. (1997). Mechanical properties of 316L(N) stainless steel for intermediate strain rates at 20°C and 550°C. Transactions of The 14th International Conference on Structural Mechanics in Reactor Technology(SMiRT 14), 9, Division L, Paper No. L06/3, North-Holland Physics, Amsterdam, 193–200.
Sandstrom, R. and Bergstrom, Y. (1984). Relationship between Charpy V transition temperature in mild steel and various material parameters. Metal Science 18, 177–186.
Server, W.L. (1978a). General yielding of Charpy V-notch and precracked specimens. Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology(Trans. ASME) 100, 183–188.
Server, W.L. (1978b). Impat three-point bend testing for notched and precracked specimens. Journal of Testing and Evaluation 6(1), 29–34.
Sreenivasan, P.R., Ray, S.K., Samuel, K.G. and Mannan, S.L. (1992). An empirical relation between yield stress and general yield load for a Charpy U-notch specimen. Engineering Fracture Mechanics 42(6), 1047–1049.
Sreenivasan, P.R., Ray, S.K., Vaidyanathan, S. and Rodriguez, P. (1996a). Measurement of stretch zone height and ite relationship to crack tip opening displacement and initiation J-value in an AISI 316 stainless steel. Fatigue and Fracture of Engineering Materials and Structures 19(7), 855–868.
Sreenivasan, P.R. (1996b). Instrumented impact testing—accuracy, reliability and predictability of data. Transactions of The Indian Institute of Metals 49(5), 677–696.
Sreenivasan, P.R., Ray, S. K. and Mannan, S. L. (1999a). Plastic _-factor for three-point bend specimens: analysis of instrumented Charpy impact test results for AISI 308 weld and AISI 316 stainless steels. Being communicated to International Journal of Fracture.
Sreenivasan, P.R., Ray, S. K. and Mannan, S. L. (1999b). Dynamic J-Rcurves and tensile-toughness correlation for AISI 316 stainless steel in various thermal aging/cold-work conditions. Being communicated to Metallurgical and Materials Transactions.
Takahashi, H., Saito, K., Shoji, T., Date. K. and Suzuki, M. (1980). Reactor surveillance test and fracture mechanics evaluation of irradiation embrittlement in reactor pressure vessel steels. Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology(Trans. ASME) 102, 317–326.
Tavassoli, A.A., Dietz, W. and Picker, C. (1991). EFR Structural Materials-Highlights and Progress. Fast Reactor 91(Tokyo).
Wogulis, S.G. and Ireland, D.R. (1980a). Automated determination of impact absorbed energy with a velocity determining system. Computer Automation in Materials Testing, ASTMSTP 710(Edited by B.C. Wonsiewicz), American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA, 141–154.
Wogulis, S.G., Whitney, B.W. and Ireland, D.R. (1980b). Automated data acquisition and analysis for the instrumented Charpy impact test. Ibid, 155–187.
Yin, X.C. (1991). A simple iterative key curve method for determining JR curve. Transactions of the 11th International Conference on Structural Mechanics in Reactor Technology(SMiRT 11), G1, Paper No. G05/5, North-Holland Physics, Amsterdam, 125–12).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sreenivasan, P., Mannan, S. Dynamic J-R curves and tension-impact properties of AISI 308 stainless steel weld. International Journal of Fracture 101, 229–249 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007621904164
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007621904164