Abstract
We compared post- and pre-introduction data for the upper Pilica River and its tributaries to investigate the impact of introduced non-native brown trout on native fish communities. Extirpations of species were recorded. More changes concerned differences in abundance and distribution in the investigated rivers rather than extirpations. Human stressors (pollution, regulation) obviously helped the invasion of trout. Repeated introduction to one tributary of the Pilica enabled brown trout to survive for 10 years, despite the presence of pike and the recent appearance of domestic pollution.
Similar content being viewed by others
References cited
Balon, E.K. 1975. Reproductive guilds of fishes; a proposal and definition. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 32: 821–864.
Balon, E.K. 1990. Epigenesis of an epigeneticist: the development of some alternative concepts on the early ontogeny and evolution of fishes. Guelph Ichthyol. Rev. 1: 1–48.
Backiel, T. & T. Penczak. 1989. The fish and fisheries in the Vistula River and its tributary, the Pilica River. pp. 488–503. In: D.P. Dodge (ed.) Proceedings of the International Large River Symposium, Can. Spec. Publ. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 106.
Baltz, D.M. & P.B. Moyle. 1993. Invasion resistance to introduced species by a native assemblage of California stream fishes. Ecological Applications 3: 246–255.
Bowles, E.C. 1995. Supplementation: panacea or curse for the recovery of declining fish stocks. Amer. Fish. Soc. Symposium 15: 277–283.
Brown, L.R. & P.B. Moyle. 1991. Changes in habitat and microhabitat partitioning within an assemblage of stream fishes in response to predation by Sacramento squawfish (Ptychocheilus grandis). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 48: 849–856.
Cortes, R.M.V. 1996. Introducing brown trout Salmo trutta L., 1758: consequences for stocked and native populations. Publ. Espec. Inst. Esp. Oceanogr. 21: 269–274.
Crowl, T.A., C.R. Townsend & A.R. McIntosh. 1992. The impact of introduced brown and rainbow trout on native fish: the case of Australasia. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries 2: 217–241.
Fausch, K.D. 1988. Competition between native and introduced salmonids in streams: what have we learned? Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 45: 2238–2246.
Fjellheim, A., G.G. Raddum & B.T. Barlaup. 1995. Dispersal, growth and mortality of brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) stocked in a regulated west Norwegian river. Regul. Riv. 10: 137–145.
Gerking, S.D. 1959. The restricted movement of fish populations. Biol. Rev. 34: 221–242.
Garman, G.C. & L.A. Nielsen. 1982. Piscivosity by stocked brown trout (Salmo trutta) and its impact on the nongame fish community of Bottom Creek, Virginia. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 39: 862–869.
Gowan, C., M.K. Young, K.D. Fausch & S.C. Riley. 1994. Restricted movement in resident stream salmonids: a paradigm lost? Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 41: 2626–2637.
Herbold, B. & P.B. Moyle. 1986. Introduced species and vacant niches. Amer. Nat. 128: 751–760.
Hickley, P. 1994. Stocking and introduction of fish a synthesis. pp. 247–267. In: I.G. Cowx (ed.) Rehabilitation of Freshwater Fisheries, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford.
Kottelat, M. 1997. European freshwater fishes. Biologia, Bratislava 52(Supplement 5): 1–271.
Kulmatycki, W. 1936. Hydrografia i rybostan rzek wojew\'odztwa \kl\'odzkiego (Hydrography and fish fauna in the rivers of the \kL\'od\'z Voivodeship). Czas. przyr. ilustr. 10: 123–150.
Leach, J.H. & C.A. Lewis. 1991. Fish introductions in Canada: provincial views and regulations. Can. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 48(Suppl 1): 156–161.
Li, H.W. & P.B. Moyle. 1993. Management of introduced fishes. pp. 287–307. In: C. Kohler & W. Hubert (ed.) Inland Fisheries Management in North America, American Fisheries Society, Bethesda.
Moyle, P.B. 1986. Ecology of biological invasions of North America and Hawaii. pp. 27–43. In: H.A. Mooney & J.A. Drake (ed.) Ecological Studies, Volume 58, Springer-Verlag, New York.
Moyle, P.B. 1994. Biodiversity, biomonitoring, and the structure of stream fish communities. pp. 171–186. In: S.L. Loeb & A. Spacie (ed.) Biological Monitoring of Aquatic Systems, Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton.
Moyle, P.B., H.W. Li & B.A. Barton. 1986. The Frankenstein effect: impact of introduced fishes on native fishes in North America. pp. 415–426. In: R.H. Stroud (ed.) Fish Culture in Fisheries Management, American Fisheries Society, Bethesda.
Moyle, P.B. & T. Light. 1996. Biological invasions of fresh water: empirical rules and assembly theory. Biological Conservation 78: 149–161.
Odum, E.P. 1980. Ecology. Holt-Saunders, London. 244 pp.
Penczak, T. 1967. Biologiczne i techniczne podstawy po\klowu ryb sta\klym prçdem elektrycznym (The biological and technical principles of the fishing by use of direct-current field.). Przeglçd Zoologiczny 11: 114–131.
Penczak, T. 1988. Ichtiofauna Dorzecza Pilicy, Czç\'s\'c 1, przed utworzeniem zbiornika (The ichthyofauna of the Pilica drainage basin, Part 1, preimpoundment study). Rocz. Nauk. PZW 1: 23–59.
Penczak, T. 1989. Ichtiofauna dorzecza Pilicy, Czç\'s\'c 2, po utworzeniu zbiornika (The ichthyofauna of the Pilica River drainage basin, Part 2, postimpoundment study). Rocz. Nauk. PZW 2: 116–186.
Penczak, T. & R.H.K. Mann. 1993. A preliminary evaluation of the effect of human activity on the fish populations of the Pilica River, central Poland. Pol. Arch. Hydrobiol. 40: 101–115.
Penczak, T., A. Zaczy\'nski, L. Marsza\kl & H. Koszali\'nski. 1995. Monitoring ichtiofauny dorzecza Pilicy, Czç\'s\'c I, dop\klywy, (Monitoring of fish fauna in the Pilica drainage basin, Part 1, tributaries). Rocz. Nauk. PZW 8: 5–52.
Penczak, T., L. Marsza\kl, A. Kruk, H. Koszali\'nski, J. Kostrzewa & A. Zaczy\'nski. 1996. Monitoring ichtiofauny dorzecza Pilicy, Czç\'s\'c 2, Pilica (Monitoring of the fish fauna in the Pilica drainage basin, Part 2, Pilica). Rocz. Nauk. PZW 9: 91–104.
Rinne, J.N. & J. Janisch. 1995. Coldwater fish stocking and native fishes in Arizona: past, present, and future. Proc. Amer. Fish. Soc. Symposium 15: 397–406.
Ross, S.T. 1991. Mechanisms structuring stream fish assemblages: are there lessons from introduced species? Env. Biol. Fish. 30: 359–368.
Simberloff, D. 1981. Community effects of introduced species. pp. 53–81. In: M.H. Nitecki (ed.) Biotic Crises in Ecological and Evolutionary Time, Academic Press, New York.
Steel, R.G. & J.H. Torrie. 1960. Principles and procedures of statistics. McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York. 481 pp.
Strange, E.M., P.B. Moyle & T.C. Foin. 1992. Interactions between stochastic and deterministic processes in stream fish community assembly. Env. Biol. Fish. 36: 1–15.
Wahl, D.H., R.A. Stein & D.R. De Vries. 1995. An ecological framework for evaluating the success and effects of stocked fishes. Proc. Amer. Fish. Soc. Symposium 15: 176–189.
Wa\klecki, A. 1864. Systematyczny przeglçd ryb krajowych (Systematic review of local fishes). Druk Gazety Polskiej, Warsaw. 115 pp.
Waters, T.F. 1983. Replacement of brook trout by brown trout over 15 years in a Minnesota stream: production and abundance. Tran. Amer. Fish. Soc. 112: 137–146.
Witkowski, A. 1989. Introdukowane ryby w polskich wodach i ich wp\klyw na \'srodowisko (Fishes introduced to Polish waters and their effect on environment). Przeglçd Zoologiczny 33: 583–598.
Zalewski, M., P. Frankiewicz & B. Brewi\'nska. 1985. The factors limiting growth and survival of brown trout, Salmo trutta m. fario L. introduced to different types of streams. J. Fish Biol. 27(Supp. A): 59–73.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Penczak, T. Impact of introduced brown trout on native fish communities in the Pilica River catchment (Poland). Environmental Biology of Fishes 54, 237–252 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007595628131
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007595628131