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Scratching the Skin of Predator—prey Interactions in Fishes: A Tribute to R. Jan F. Smith (1940–1998)

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The publications of R. Jan F. Smith

  • Bernstein, J.W. & R.J.F. Smith, 1983. Alarm substance cells in fathead minnows do not affect the feeding preference of rainbow trout. Env. Biol. Fish. 9: 307–311.

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  • Berejikian, B.A., R.J.F. Smith, E.P. Tezak, S.L. Schroder & C.M. Knudsen. 1999. Chemical alarm signals and complex hatchery rearing habitats affect anti-predator behaviour and survival of chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) juveniles. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. (in press).

  • Brown, G.E. & R.J.F. Smith. 1994. Fathead minnows use chemical cues to discriminate natural shoalmates from unfamiliar conspecifics. J. Chem. Ecol. 20: 3051–3061.

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  • Brown, G.E., D.P. Chivers & R.J.F. Smith. 1995a. Fathead minnows avoid conspecific and heterospecific alarm pheromones in the faeces of northern pike. J. Fish Biol. 47: 387–393.

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  • Brown, G.E., D.P. Chivers & R.J.F. Smith. 1995b. Localized defecation by pike: a response to labelling by cyprinid alarm pheromone? Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 36: 105–110.

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  • Brown, G.E., D.P. Chivers & R.J.F. Smith. 1996. The effects of diet on localized defecation by northern pike, Esox lucius. J. Chem. Ecol. 22: 467–475.

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  • Brown, G.E. & R.J.F. Smith. 1997a. Foraging trade-offs in fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas): acquired predator recognition in the absence of an alarm response. Ethology 102: 776–785.

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  • Brown, G.E. & R.J.F. Smith. 1997b. Conspecific skin extracts elicit anti-predator responses in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Can. J. Zool. 75: 1916–1922.

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  • Brown, G.E., D.P. Chivers & R.J.F. Smith. 1997. Differential learning rates of chemical versus visual cues of a northern pike by fathead minnows in a natural habitat. Env. Biol. Fish. 49: 89–96.

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  • Brown, G.E. & R.J.F. Smith. 1998. Acquired predator recognition of juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): conditioning hatchery reared fish to recognize chemical cues of a predator. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 55: 611–617.

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  • Chivers, D.P. & R.J.F. Smith. 1993. The role of olfaction in chemosensory-based predator recognition in the fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas. J. Chem. Ecol. 19: 623–633.

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  • Chivers, D.P. & R.J.F. Smith. 1994a. The role of experience and chemical alarm signalling in predator recognition by fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas, Rafinesque). J. Fish Biol. 44: 273–285.

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  • Chivers, D.P. & R.J.F. Smith. 1994b. Intra-and interspecific avoidance of areas marked with skin extract from brook sticklebacks (Culaea inconstans) in a natural habitat. J. Chem. Ecol. 20: 1517–1524.

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  • Chivers, D.P. & R.J.F. Smith. 1995a. Fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) acquire predator recognition when alarm substance is associated with the sight of unfamiliar fish. Behav. Ecol. 6: 155–158.

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  • Chivers, D.P. & R.J.F. Smith. 1995b. Fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) learn to recognize chemical stimuli from high risk habitats by the presence of alarm substance. Behav. Ecol. 6: 155–158.

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  • Chivers, D.P. & R.J.F. Smith. 1995c. Chemical recognition of risky habitats is culturally transmitted among fathead minnows, Pimephales promelas (Osteichthyes, Cyprinidae). Ethology 99: 286–296.

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  • Chivers, D.P. & R.J.F. Smith. 1995d. Free-living fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) rapidly learn to recognize pike (Esox lucius) as predators. J. Fish Biol. 46: 949–954.

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  • Chivers, D.P., G.E. Brown & R.J.F. Smith. 1995a. Acquired recognition of chemical stimuli from pike, Esox lucius, by brook sticklebacks, Culaea inconstans (Osteichthyes, Gasterosteidae). Ethology 99: 234–242.

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  • Chivers, D.P., G.E. Brown & R.J.F. Smith. 1995b. Familiarity and shoal cohesion in fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas): implications for anti-predator behaviour. Can. J. Zool. 73: 955–960.

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  • Chivers, D.P., B.D. Wisenden & R.J.F. Smith. 1995c. The role of experience in the response of fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) to skin extract of Iowa darters (Etheostoma exile). Behaviour 132: 665–674.

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  • Chivers, D.P., B.D. Wisenden & R.J.F. Smith. 1995d. Predation risk influences reproductive behaviour of Iowa darters, Etheostoma exile (Osteichthyes, Percidae). Ethology 99: 278–285.

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  • Chivers, D.P., B.D. Wisenden & R.J.F. Smith. 1996. Damselfly larvae learn to recognize predators from chemical cues in the predator's diet. Anim. Behav. 52: 315–320.

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  • Chivers, D.P., G.E. Brown & R.J.F. Smith. 1997. The evolution of chemical alarm signals: attracting predators benefits alarm signal senders. Amer. Nat. 148: 649–659.

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  • Chivers, D.P. & R.J.F. Smith. 1998. Chemical alarm signalling in aquatic predator-prey systems: a review and prospectus. Écoscience 5: 338–352.

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  • Cole, K.S. & R.J.F. Smith. 1987a. Male courting behaviour in the fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas. Env. Biol. Fish. 18: 235–239.

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  • Cole, K.S. & R.J.F. Smith. 1987b. Release of chemicals by prostaglandin-treated female fathead minnows, Pimephales promelas, that stimulate male courtship. Hormones Behav. 21: 440–456.

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  • Cole, K.S. & R.J.F. Smith. 1992. Attraction of female fathead minnows, Pimephales promelas, to chemical stimuli from breeding males. J. Chem. Ecol. 18: 1269–1284.

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  • Fernet, D.A. & R.J.F. Smith. 1976. Agonistic behaviour of captive goldeye (Hiodon alosoides). J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 33: 695–702.

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  • Gelowitz, C.M., A. Mathis & R.J.F. Smith. 1993. Chemosensory recognition of northern pike (Esox lucius) by brook stickleback (Culaea inconstans): population differences and the influence of predator diet. Behaviour 127: 105–118.

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  • Hugie, D.M. & R.J.F. Smith. 1987. Epidermal club cells are not linked with an alarm response in reedfish, Erpetoichthys (=Calamoichthys) calabaricus. Can. J. Zool. 65: 2057–2061.

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  • Hugie, D.M., P.L. Thuringer & R.J.F. Smith. 1991. The response of the tidepool sculpin, Oligocottus maculosus, to chemical stimuli from injured conspecifics, alarm signalling in the Cottidae (Pisces). Ethology 89: 322–334.

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  • Lawrence, B.J. & R.J.F. Smith. 1989. The behavioral response of solitary fathead minnows, Pimephales promelas, to alarm substance. J. Chem. Ecol. 15: 209–219.

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  • Lemly, A.D. & R.J.F. Smith. 1985. Effects of acute exposure to acidified water on the behavioral response of fathead minnows, Pimephales promelas, to chemical feeding stimuli. Aquat. Toxicol. 6: 25–36.

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  • Lemly, A.D. & R.J.F. Smith. 1986. A behavioral assay for assessing effects of pollutants on fish chemoreception. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Safety 11: 210–218.

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  • Lemly, A.D. & R.J.F. Smith. 1987. Effects of chronic exposure to acidified water on chemoreception of feeding stimuli by fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas): mechanisms and ecological implications. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 6: 225–238.

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  • Mathis, A. & R.J.F. Smith. 1992. Avoidance of areas marked with a chemical alarm substance by fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) in a natural habitat. Can. J. Zool. 70: 1473–1476.

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  • Mathis, A. & R.J.F. Smith. 1993a. Intraspecific and cross-superorder responses to chemical alarm signals by brook stickleback. Ecology 74: 2395–2404.

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  • Mathis, A. & R.J.F. Smith. 1993b. Fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) learn to recognize pike (Esox lucius) as predators on the basis of chemical stimuli from minnows in the pike's diet. Anim. Behav. 46: 645–656.

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  • Mathis, A. & R.J.F. Smith. 1993c. Chemical labelling of northern pike (Esox lucius) by the alarm pheromone of fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas). J. Chem. Ecol. 19: 1967–1979.

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  • Mathis, A. & R.J.F. Smith. 1993d. Chemical alarm signals increase the survival time of fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) during encounters with northern pike (Esox lucius). Behav. Ecol. 4: 260–265.

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  • Mathis, A., D.P. Chivers & R.J.F. Smith. 1993. Population differences in responses of fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) to visual and chemical stimuli from predators. Ethology 93: 31–40.

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  • Mathis, A., D.P. Chivers & R.J.F. Smith. 1995a. Chemical alarm signals: predator deterrents or predator attractants? Amer. Nat. 145: 994–1005.

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  • Matity J.G., D.P. Chivers & R.J.F. Smith. 1994. Population and sex differences in anti-predator responses of breeding fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) to chemical stimuli from garter snakes (Thamnophis radix and T. sirtalis). J. Chem. Ecol. 20: 2111–2121.

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  • Noltie, D.B. & R.J.F. Smith. 1988. A record of the redfin shiner (Notropis umbratilis) from the Middle Thames River, Ontario, with notes on its Canadian distribution and possible breeding association with the longear sunfish (Lepomis megalotis peltastes). Can. Field. Nat. 102: 533–535.

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  • Randall, J.E., J.L. Earle, T. Hayes, G. Pittman, M. Severns & R.J.F. Smith. 1993. Ten new records and validations of shore fishes from the Hawaiian Islands. Pacific Science 47: 222–239.

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  • Rehnberg, B.G. & R.J.F. Smith. 1987. The reaction of pearl dace (Pisces, Cyprinidae) to alarm substance: time-course of behaviour, brain amines, and stress physiology. Can. J. Zool. 65: 2916–2921.

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  • Rehnberg, B.G. & R.J.F. Smith. 1988. The influence of alarm substance and shoal size on the behaviour of zebra danios, Brachydanio rerio (Cyprinidae). J. Fish Biol. 33: 155–163.

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  • Rehnberg, B.G., E.H. Bates, R.J.F. Smith, B.D. Sloley & J.S. Richardson. 1989. Functional benzodiazepine receptors in fathead minnows: the neuropharmacology of behavioral responses to alarm pheromone and to a chemical feeding stimulus. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 33: 435–442.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469-5751, U.S.A (e-mail

    Douglas P. Chivers & Reehan S. Mirza

  2. Department of Biology, Southwest Missouri State University, Springfield, MO, 65804-0095, U.S.A

    Alicia Mathis

  3. Department of Biological Sciences, Union College, Schenectady, NY, 12308-2311, U.S.A

    Grant E. Brown

  4. Department of Biology, Moorhead State University, Moorhead, MN, 56563, U.S.A

    Brian D. Wisenden

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  1. Douglas P. Chivers
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  5. Brian D. Wisenden
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Chivers, D.P., Mathis, A., Brown, G.E. et al. Scratching the Skin of Predator—prey Interactions in Fishes: A Tribute to R. Jan F. Smith (1940–1998). Environmental Biology of Fishes 56, 343–350 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007585207192

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