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Dietary alterations in protein, carbohydrates and fat increase liver protein-turnover rate and decrease overall growth rate in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss

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Abstract

We have determined the protein-turnover rates and nucleic-acid concentrations in the liver of trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed on two different isocaloric diets: low-protein/high-fat and non-carbohydrate/high-fat. Compared to controls, the partial replacement of protein with fat significantly decreased the protein accumulation rate and protein-retention efficiency in the liver whilst increasing the fractional protein-synthesis and protein-degradation rates as well as protein-synthesis efficiency. The complete replacement of carbohydrates with fat significantly lowered the protein-accumulation rate and protein-retention efficiency, but enhanced both the protein-synthesis and protein-degradation rates as well as protein-synthesis capacity. The protein:DNA and RNA:DNA ratios decreased considerably on both diets. Total DNA decreased in fish on a low-protein/high-fat diet but did not change in those on a non-carbohydrate/high-fat diet. The absolute protein-synthesis rate registered no significant change under any of the nutritional conditions. Both the experimental diets did however raise the fractional protein-synthesis rate significantly, due to enhanced protein-synthesis efficiency when protein was partially replaced with fat and to enhanced protein-synthesis capacity when carbohydrates were completely replaced with fat. Our results show the capacity of the liver to adapt its turnover rates and conform to different nutritional conditions. They also point to the possibility of controlling fish growth by dietary means.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Experimental Biology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Section, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071, Jaé, Spain

    Juan Peragén & Juan B. Barroso

  2. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre of Biological Sciences, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain

    Leticia García-Salguero & José A. Lupiáñez

  3. Department of Animal Biology and Ecology, Centre of Biological Sciences, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain

    Manuel de la Higuera

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  1. Juan Peragén
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  2. Juan B. Barroso
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  4. Manuel de la Higuera
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  5. José A. Lupiáñez
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Peragén, J., Barroso, J.B., García-Salguero, L. et al. Dietary alterations in protein, carbohydrates and fat increase liver protein-turnover rate and decrease overall growth rate in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss. Mol Cell Biochem 209, 97–104 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007130906365

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