Abstract
We have considered forward and backward optical parametric oscillation and amplification, and difference-frequency generation for efficiently generating and amplifying terahertz waves in several second-order nonlinear optical materials. We have used a single crystal of CdSe as an example. We have also investigated GaSe, periodically-poled LiNbO3 and LiTaO3, and diffusion-bonded-stacked GaAs and GaP plates. The advantage of using birefringence in CdSe and GaSe is tunability of the output terahertz frequency. Furthermore, both CdSe and GaSe can be used to achieve the backward parametric oscillation without any cavity. On the other hand, in periodically-poled LiNbO3 and LiTaO3, one can take advantage of large diagonal elements of second-order nonlinear susceptibility tensor. In the diffusion-bonded-stacked GaAs and GaP plates, quasi-phase matching can be achieved by alternatively rotating the plates. We have shown that it is feasible to achieve forward optical parametric oscillation in the THz domain using these plates. The advantage of using coherent parametric processes is possibility of efficiently generating and amplifying temporally-coherent and narrow-linewidth terahertz waves. Compared with a noncollinear configuration, by using the parallel wave propagation configurations, the conversion efficiency can be higher because of longer effective interaction length among all the waves.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Batchko, R.G., D.R. Weise, T. Plettner, G.D. Miller, M.M. Fejer and R.L. Byer. Continuous-wave 532-nm-pumped singly resonant optical parametric oscillator based on periodically poled lithium niobate. Opt. Lett. 23 168, 1998.
Brosnan S.J. and R.L. Byer. Optical parametric oscillator threshold and linewidth studies. IEEE J. Quant. Electron. QE-15 415, 1979.
Ding Y.J. and J.B. Khurgin. Backward optical parametric oscillators and amplifiers. IEEE J. Quant. Electron. 32 1574, 1996.
Ding Y.J. and J.B. Khurgin. A new scheme for efficient generation of coherent and incoherent submillimeter to THz waves in periodically-poled lithium niobate. Opt. Commun. 148 105, 1998.
Ding Y.J. and J.B. Khurgin. Generation of tunable coherent far-infrared waves based on backward optical parametric oscillation in gallium selenide. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 15 1567, 1998.
Dmitriev, V.G., G.G. Gurzadyan and D.N. Nikogosyan. Handbook of Nonlinear Optical Crystals. Springer, NY, 1997.
Faries, D.W., K.A. Gehring, P.L. Richards and Y.R. Shen. Tunable far-infrared radiation generated from the difference frequency between two ruby lasers. Phys. Rev. 180 363, 1969.
Faust W.L. and C.H. Henry. Mixing of visible and near-resonance infrared light in GaP. Phys. Rev. Lett. 17 1265, 1966.
Henry C.H. and C.G.B. Garrett. Theory of parametric gain near a lattice resonance. Phys. Rev. 171 1058, 1968.
Hu, B.B., X.-C. Zhang and D.H. Auston. Terahertz radiation induced by subband-gap femtosecond optical excitation of GaAs. Phys. Rev. Lett. 67 2709, 1991.
Kawase, K., M. Sato, T. Taniuchi and H. Ito. Coherent tunable THz-wave generation from LiNbO3 with monolithic grating coupler. Appl. Phys. Lett. 68 2483, 1996.
Palik, E.D. Handbook of Optical Constants of Solids, Academic, NY, vol. I, 1985; vol. II, 1991; vol. III, 1998.
Ross, G.W., M. Pollnau, P.G.R. Smith, W.A. Clarkson, P.E. Britton and D.C. Hanna. Generation of high-power blue light in periodically poled LiNbO3. Opt. Lett. 23 171, 1998.
Shen, Y.R. Far-infrared generation by optical mixing. Prog. Quant. Electr. 4 207, 1976.
Shikata, J., K. Kawase, M. Sato, T. Taniuchi and H. Ito. Cryogenic characteristics of the THz-wave output from LiNbO3 optical parametric oscillator. CLEO'98, Paper CThY2, 1998.
Vodopyanov, K.L. Parametric generation of tunable infrared radiation in ZnGeP2 and GaSe pumped at 3 lm. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 10 1723, 1993.
Vodopyanov, K.L. Traveling wave CdSe optical parametric generation pumped by Er-laser pulses. CLEO'98, Paper CThO8, 1998.
Yariv, A. Quantum Electronics. Wiley, NY, 1989.
Zheng, D., L.A. Gordon, Y.S. Wu, R.S. Feigelson, M.M. Fejer, R.L. Byer and K.L. Vodopyanov. 16-lm infrared generation by difference-frequency mixing in diffusion-bonded stacked GaAs. Opt. Lett. 23 1010, 1998.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ding, Y.J., Zotova, I.B. Second-order nonlinear optical materials for efficient generation and amplification of temporally-coherent and narrow-linewidth terahertz waves. Optical and Quantum Electronics 32, 531–552 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007099701272
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007099701272