References
Baganha M.I. (ed), 1997: Immigration in Southern Europe. Celta, Oeiras.
Bauman Z., 1998: Globalization: The Human Consequences. Polity, Cambridge.
Butler T., 1997: Gentrification and the Middle Classes. Ashgate, Aldershot.
Carter H., 1977: Urban origins: a review, Progress in Human Geography, 1, 12-32.
Champion T., 1998: Demography. In Unwin, T. (ed.), A European Geography. Longman, Harlow, pp. 241-59.
Devaney M.J., 1998: 'Ssince at least Plato...’ and other PostmodernMyths. Macmillan, London.
Dicken P., 1998: Global Shift: Transforming the World Economy. Paul Chapman, London.
Eagleton T., 1996: The Illusions of Postmodernism. Blackwell, Oxford.
Esping-Andersen G., 1990: The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism. Polity, Cambridge.
French R.A. and Hamilton F.E.I. (eds), 1979: The Socialist City: Spatial Structure and Urban Policy. John Wiley, Chichester.
Fukuyama F., 1992: The End of History and the Last Man. Hamish Hamilton, London.
Hall R., 1995: Households, families and fertility. In: Hall R. and White P. (eds), Europe's Population: Towards the Next Century. London: UCL Press. pp. 34-50.
Hamnett C., 1994a: Social polarisation in global cities: theory and evidence, Urban Studies, 31, 401-24.
Hamnett C., 1994b: Socio-economic change in London: professionalization not polarization, Built Environment, 20, 192-203.
Hamnett C., 1998: Social polarisation, economic restructuring and welfare state regimes. In: Musterd S. and Ostendorf W. (eds), Urban Segregation and the Welfare State: Inequality and Exclusion in Western Cities. Routledge, London, pp. 15-27.
Harvey D., 1973: Social Justice and the City. Edward Arnold, London.
King R. and Black R. (eds), 1997: Southern Europe and the New Immigrations. Brighton: Sussex Academic.
van de Kaa D., 1987: Europe's second demographic transition, Population Bulletin, 42, No 1, 1-57.
Ley D., 1996: The New Middle Class and the Remaking of the Central City. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Lichtenberger E., 1970: The nature of European urbanism, Geoforum, 4, 45-62.
Mingione E. (ed.), 1996: Urban Poverty and the Underclass: A Reader. Blackwell, Oxford.
Musterd S., 1994: A rising European underclass? Social polarization and spatial segregation in European cities. Built Environment, 20, 185-91.
Musterd S. and Ostendorf W., 1998: Segregation, polarisation and social exclusion in metropolitan areas. In: Musterd S. and Ostendorf W. (eds.),Urban Segregation and the Welfare State: Inequality and Exclusion in Western Cities. London: Routledge. pp. 1-14.
O'Brien R., 1992: Global Financial Integration: The End of Geography. Pinter, London.
Park R.E., Burgess E.W. and McKenzie R.D. (eds), 1925: The City. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
Pattie C.J., 1994: Forgetting Fukuyama: new spaces of politics, Environment and Planning A, 26, 1007-10.
Peach C., 1996: Does Britain have ghettos? Transactions, Institute of British Geographers, 21, pp. 216-35.
Sassen S., 1991: The Global City: New York, London, Tokyo. Princeton University Press, Princeton NJ.
Sjoberg G., 1960: The Pre-Industrial City: Past and Present. Free Press, New York.
Vant A. (ed.), 1986: Marginalité Sociale, Marginalité Spatiale. Editions du CNRS, Paris.
Wacquant L.J.D. 1993: Urban outcasts: stigma and division in the black American ghetto and the French urban periphery, Int. J. Urban Regional Res., 17: 366-83.
Warnes A.M., 1998: Divided responses to an ageing population: apocalyptic demography, ideology and rational social administration. In: Hudson R. and Williams A.M. (eds), Divided Europe: Society and Territory. Sage, London, pp. 231-54.
White P., 1998: Urban life and social stress. In: Pinder D.A. (ed.) The New Europe: Economy, Society and Environment. Wiley, Chichester, pp. 305-322.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
White, P. Social inequalities and urban restructuring. GeoJournal 46, 1–5 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006917008852
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006917008852