Skip to main content
Log in

Neighborhood change within the Canadian ethnic mosaic, 1986–1991

  • Published:
Population Research and Policy Review Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper examines the neighborhoodpatterns in three major Canadian metropolitan areasbetween 1986 and 1991. Data are obtained from 1986 and1991 profile census files and two Special Tabulationsof 1986 and 1991 Canadian census. The data indicatethat the first pathway of neighborhood change is thediversification that takes place among charter-onlyneighborhoods with the introduction of a sizableEuropean presence, followed by Asians and then blacks. The second pathway featuring racial uniformityprimarily takes place in multi-ethnic neighborhoodscontaining one or more visible minority groups. Multivariate analysis suggests that the increase inracial and ethnic diversity in neighborhoods isrelated to the efforts of visible minorities,especially Asians, seeking out neighborhoods withEuropeans.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Alba, R.D., Denton, N.A., Leung, S.J. & Logan, J.R. (1995). Neighborhood change under conditions of mass immigration: The New York City region, 1970–1990, International Migration Review 29: 625–656.

    Google Scholar 

  • Badets, J. & Chui, T.W.L. (1994). Canada's Changing Immigrant Population. Toronto: Prentice Hall Canada.

    Google Scholar 

  • Balakrishnan, T.R. (1976). Ethnic residential segregation in the metropolitan areas of Canada, Canadian Journal of Sociology 1: 481–498.

    Google Scholar 

  • Balakrishnan, T.R. (1982). Changing patterns of ethnic residential segregation in the metropolitan areas of Canada, Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology 19: 1; 92–110.

    Google Scholar 

  • Balakrishnan, T.R. & Kralt, J. (1987). Segregation of visible minorities in Montreal, Toronto and Vancouver, pp. 138–157 in L. Driedger (ed.), Ethnic Canada: Identities and Inequalities. Toronto: Copp Clark Pitman Ltd.

    Google Scholar 

  • Balakrishnan, T.R. & Selvanathan, K. (1990). Ethnic residential segregation in metropolitan Canada, pp. 393–413 in S.S. Halli, F. Trovato & L. Dreidger (eds), Ethnic Demography. Ottawa: Carleton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brym, R.J. & Fox, B. (1989). From Culture to Power. Toronto: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burgess, E.W. (1925). The growth of the city, pp. 47–62 in R.E. Park & E.W. Burgess (eds), The City. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Caulfield, J. (1994). City Form and Everyday Life. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clairmont, D.H. & Magill, D.W. (1974). Africville: The Life and Death of a Canadian Black Community. Toronto: McLelland and Stewart.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clark, W.A.V. (1991). Residential preferences and neighborhood racial segregation: A test of the Schelling segregation model, Demography 28: 1–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Darroch, A. G. & Marston, W. G. (1971). The social class basis of ethnic residential segregation: The Canadian case, American Journal of Sociology 77: 3; 491–510.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dawson, C.A. (1936). Group Settlement: Ethnic Communities in Western Canada. Toronto: Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dawson, C.A. & Gettys, W.E. (1929). Introduction to Sociology. New York: Ronald Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Denton, N.A. & Massey, D.S. (1991). Patterns of neighborhood transition in a multiethnic world: US Metropolitan areas 1970–1980, Demography 28: 1; 41–63.

    Google Scholar 

  • Doreian, P. (1980). Linear models with spatially distributed data: Spatial disturbances or spatial effects?, Sociological Methods and Research 9: 29–60.

    Google Scholar 

  • Doreian, P. (1981). Estimating linear models with spatially distributed data, Sociological Methodology 359–388.

  • Dreidger, L. & Church, G. (1974). Ethnic segregation and institutional completeness: A comparison of ethnic minorities, Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology 11: 30–52.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duncan, O.D., Cuzzort, R.P. & Duncan, B.A. (1963). Statistical Geography. New York: Free Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duncan, O.D. & Duncan, B. (1957). The Negro Population of Chicago: A Study of Residential Succession. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fong, E. (1997a). A systemic approach to racial residential patterns, Social Science Research 26: 465–486.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fong, E. (1997b). Residential proximity with the charter groups in Canada, Canadian Studies in Population 24:103–124

    Google Scholar 

  • Fong, E. & Gulia, M. (1996). The attainment of neighborhood qualities among British, Chinese, and Black immigrants in Toronto and Vancouver, Research in Community Sociology 6: 123–145.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gale, D. E. (1987). Washington, DC: Inner-City Revitalization and Minority Suburbanization. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harrison, R.J. & Bennett, C.E. (1995). Racial and ethnic diversity, pp. 141–210 in R. Farley (ed.), State of the Union. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hughes, E.C. (1943). French Canada in Transition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kalbach, W.E. (1990). Ethnic residential segregation and its significance for the individual in the urban setting, pp. 92–129 in R. Breton, W.W. Isajiw, W.E. Kalbach & J.G. Reitz (eds), Ethnic Identity and Equality. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kralt, John. (1990). Ethnic origins in the Canadian census, 1871–1986, pp. 13–29 in S.S. Halli, F. Trovato & L. Driedger (eds), Ethnic Demography: Canadian Immigrant, Racial and Cultural Variations. Ottawa, Ontario: Carleton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Land, K.C. & Deane, G. (1992). On the large sample estimation of regression models with spatial-or network-effects terms: A two stage least squares approach, Sociological Methodology 221–248.

  • Lee, B.A. & Wood, P.B. (1991). Is neighborhood racial succession place specific?, Demography 28: 1; 21–39.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee, B.A., Spain, D. & Umberson, D.J. (1985). Neighborhood revitalization and racial change: The case of Washington, DC, Demography 22: 581–602.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ley, D. (1996). The New Middle Class and the Remaking of the Central City. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Li, P. (1994). Unwelcomed Chinese construction of race in the battle over ‘Monster Homes’ in Vancouver, Canada, International Journal of Comparative Race and Ethnic Studies 1: 14–33.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lieberson, S. (1970). Language and Ethnic Relations in Canada. Toronto: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lipset, S.M. (1990). Continental Divide: The Values and Institutions of the United States and Canada. New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Logan, J.R. & Molotch, H.L. (1987). Urban Fortunes: The Political Economy of Place. Berkeley: University of California Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Logan, J.R. & Alba, R.D. (1993). Locational returns to human capital: Minority access to suburban community resources, Demography 30: 243–268.

    Google Scholar 

  • Logan, J.R., Alba, R.D. & Leung, S. (1996).Minority access to white suburbs: A multiregional comparison, Social Forces 74: 851–881.

    Google Scholar 

  • Massey, D.S., Condran, G.A. & Denton, N.A. (1987). The effect of residential segregation on black social and economic well being, Social Forces 66: 29–56.

    Google Scholar 

  • Massey, D.S. & Fong, E. (1990). Segregation and neighborhood quality: blacks, hispanics, and asians in the San Francisco metropolitan area, Social Forces 69: 15–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • McVey, W.W. Jr. & Kalbach, W. (1995). Canadian Population. Toronto: Nelson.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ord, K. (1975). Estimation methods for models of spatial interaction, Journal of the American Statistical Association 70: 120–126.

    Google Scholar 

  • Porter, J. (1965). The Vertical Mosaic. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ray, B. (1994). Immigrant settlement and housing in metropolitan Toronto, The Canadian Geographer 38: 3; 262–265.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reitz, J.G. & Breton, R. (1994). The Illusion of Difference: Realities of Ethnicity in Canada and the United States. Toronto: C.D. Howe Institute.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schelling, T. (1971). Dynamic models of segregation, Journal of Mathematical Sociology 1: 143–186.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schwirian, K.P. (1983). Models of neighborhood change, Annual Review of Sociology 9: 83–102.

    Google Scholar 

  • South, S.J. & Crowder, K.D. (1997). Residential mobility between cities and suburbs: Race, suburbanization, and back-to-the-city moves, Demography 34: 525–538.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taeuber, K.E. & Taeuber, A.F. (1965). Negroes in Cities.Chicago: Aldine.

    Google Scholar 

  • US Bureau of Census (1997). Statistical Abstract of the United States (1997). Washington, DC: US Bureau of the Census.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yinger, J. (1995). Closed Doors, Opportunities. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Fong, E., Gulia, M. Neighborhood change within the Canadian ethnic mosaic, 1986–1991. Population Research and Policy Review 19, 155–177 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006470124573

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006470124573

Navigation