Abstract
A number of studies have documented therising number of persons under age 65 who do not havehealth insurance. This paper focuses on the healthinsurance status of near elderly, those persons age 55through 64. A comparison age group, persons age 45through 54, is selected for benchmark purposes. Utilizing data from the 1996 Current PopulationSurvey, logistic regression is used to generateinsurance status prediction equations for both agegroups. Household characteristics, income, educationand employment are found to be significant predictorsof health insurance status, but fewer-than-expecteddifferences are found in comparing equations betweenthe two age groups. Results are discussed in thecontext of recent proposals to extend Medicarecoverage, the effect of Medicare policy changes on thenumber of near elderly persons without healthinsurance, and how prolonged periods of time withouthealth insurance may lead to an increased burden onMedicare as newly eligible Medicare recipients seekservices to address their pent-up demand for healthcare.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Acs, G. (1995), Explaining trends in health insurance coverage between 1988 & 1991, Inquiry 32(Spring): 102–110.
Angel, R. & Angel, J. (1996), The extent of private and public health insurance coverage on adult Hispanics, The Gerontologist 36(3): 332–340.
Begg, C.B. & Grey, R. (1984), Calculation of polychotomous logistic regression parameters using individualized regressions, Biometrika 71: 11–18.
Bipartisan Commission (1999), Building a better medicare for today and tomorrow. Report of the National Bipartisan Commission on the Future of Medicare. URL: http://medicare.commission gov/medicare/bbmtt31599.html.
Cartland, J.D.C. & Yudkowsky, B.K. (1993), State estimates of uninsured children, Health Affairs 12(Spring): 144–151.
Clark, R., Shumaker Ghent, L. & Headen, A. (1994), Retiree health insurance and pension coverage: Variations by firm characteristics, Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences 49(2): 553–561.
Cohany, S., Polivka, A. & Rothgeb, J. (1994), Revisions in the current population survey effective January 1994, Employment and Earnings (February). Washington, DC: US Department of Labor.
Cooper, Ph. & Schone, B.S. (1997), More offers, fewer talkers for employment-based health insurance: 1987 and 1996, Health Affairs 16 (November/December): 142–149.
Cunningham, P.J. (1998), Vulnerability to being uninsured, Issue Brief12 (April).Washington, DC: Center for Studying Health System Change.
Demaris, A. (1992), Logit Modelling. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Employee Benefit Research Institute (1994), Retirement Confidence in America: Getting Ready for Tomorrow. Washington, DC: Employee Benefit Research Institute, Special Report SR-27, Issue Brief 156.
Franks, P., Clancy, C.M., Gold, M.R. & Nutting, P.A. (1993), Health insurance and subjective health status: Data from the 1987 NationalMedical Expenditure Survey, American Journal of Public Health 83: 1295–1299.
Frenzen, P.D. (1996), The medicare and medicaid programs in rural areas. Washington, DC: US Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service Staff Paper.
Friedman, E. (1991), The uninsured from dilemma to crisis, Journal of the American Medical Association 265(19): 2491–2495.
Fronstin, P. (1995), Children without health insurance: An analysis of the increase of uninsured children between 1992 and 1993, Inquiry 32: 353–359.
Fronstin, P. & Snider, S. (1996/1997), An examination of the decline in employment-based health insurance between 1988 and 1993, Inquiry 33(Winter): 317–325.
Fronstin, P., Snider, S., Custer, W. & Salisbury, D. (1994), The cost of providing health care benefits to early retirees, Health Affairs 13(Spring II): 246–254.
Gruber, J. & Madrian, B. (1995), Health insurance availability and the retirement decision, American Economic Review 85(4): 938–948.
Gruber, J. & Madrian, B. (1996), Health insurance and early retirement: Evidence from the availability of continuation coverage, pp.115–143 in D.A. Wise (ed.), Advances in the Economics of Aging. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Gustman, A. & Steinmeier, Th. (1994), Employer-provided health insurance and retirement behavior, Industrial and Labor Relations Review 48(October): 124–151.
Health Care Financing Administration (1994), Monitoring the Impact of Medicare Physician Payment Reform on Utilization and Access, 1994. Report to Congress, 29 September 1994.
Hellander, I., Moloo, J., Himmelstein, D.U. et al. (1995), The growing epidemic of uninsurance: New data on the health insurance coverage of Americans, International Journal of Health Services 25(3): 377–392.
Holahan, J., Winterbottom, C. & Rajan, S. (1995), The shifting picture of health insurance coverage, Health Affairs 14(Winter): 253–264.
Hosmer, D.W. & Lemeshow, S. (1989), Applied Logistic Regression. New York: Wiley.
Johnson, R.W. & Crystal, S. (1997), Health insurance coverage at midlife: Characteristics, costs, and dynamics, Health Care Financing Review 18(Spring): 123–148.
Karoly, L. & Rogowski, J. (1994), The effect of access to post-retirement health insurance on the decision to retire early, Industrial and Labor Relations Review 48(October): 103–124.
Kronick, R. & Gilmer, T. (1999), Explaining the decline in health insurance coverage, 1979–1995, Health Affairs 18(March/April): 30–47.
Levit, K.R., Olin, G.L. & Letsch, S.W. (1992), Americans' health insurance coverage, 1980–1991, Health Care Financing Review 14(Fall): 31–57.
Long, J.S. (1997), Regression Models for Categorical and Limited Dependent Variables. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Long, S.H. & Marquis, M.S. (1999), Stability and variation in employment-based health insurance coverage, 1993–1997, Health Affairs 18(November/December): 133–139.
Madrian, B. (1994), The Effect of Health Insurance on Retirement. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution, Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, No. 1.
McDevitt, R.D (1998), A Medicare Buy-In: Examining the Costs for Two Populations. Washington, DC: American Association of Retired Persons, Public Policy Institute, Paper No. 9804.
Menard, S. (1995), Applied Logistic Regression Analysis. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Mort, E., Edwards, J., Emmons, D., Convery, K. & Blumenthal, D. (1996), Physician response to patient insurance status in ambulatory care clinical decision-making, Medical Care 34(8): 783–797.
Newacheck, P.W., Hughes, D.C. & Cisternas, M. (1995), Children and health insurance: An overview of recent trends, Health Affairs 14(Spring): 244–254.
Parnes, H.S. & Less, L.J. (1985), The volume and pattern of retirement, 1966–1981, pp. 55–77 in Herbert Parnes et al. (eds.), Retirement Among American Men. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
Potosky, A., Breen, N., Graubard, B. & Parsons, E. (1998), The association between health care coverage and the use of cancer screening tests, Medical Care 36(3): 257–270.
Powell-Griner, E., Bolen, J. & Bland, S. (1999), Health care coverage and use of preventive services among the near elderly in the United States,American Journal of Public Health 89: 882–886.
Reno, V.P. & Grad, S. (1985), Economic security, 1935–1985, Social Security Bulletin 48(December): Table 20.
Rowland, D., Lyons, B., Salganicoff, A. & Long, P. (1994), A profile of the uninsured in America, Health Affairs 13(Spring II): 283–287.
Schoen, C., Lyons, B., Rowland, D., Davis, K. & Puleo, E. (1997), Insurance matters for lowincome adults: Results from a five-state survey, Health Affairs 16(September/October): 163–171.
Schulz, J.H. (1995), The Economics of Aging, 6th edn. Westport, CT: Auburn House.
Sloan, F. & Conover, Ch. (1998), Life transitions and health insurance coverage of the near elderly, Medical Care 36(2): 110–123.
Sorlie, P., Johnson, N., Backlund, E. & Bradham, D. (1994), Mortality in the uninsured compared with that in persons with public and private health insurance, Archive of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine 154(November): 2409–2416.
Snider, S. & Fronstin, P. (1995), Sources of health insurance and characteristics of the uninsured: Analysis of theMarch 1994 current population survey, EBRI Special Report SR-28, Issue Brief Number 158. Washington, DC: Employee Benefit Research Institute.
Summer, L. (1994), The escalating number of uninsured in the United States, International Journal of Health Services 24(3): 409–413.
Swartz, K. (1986), Interpreting the estimates from four national surveys of the number of people without health insurance, Journal of Economic and Social Measurement 14: 233–256.
Swartz, K. (1997), Changes in the 1995 current population survey and estimates of health insurance coverage, Inquiry (Spring): 70–79.
US Bureau of the Census (1995), The effect of health insurance coverage on doctor and hospital visits: 1990 to 1992. Current Population Reports, P-70, No. 44.Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office.
US Bureau of the Census (1996), Population projections of the United States by age, sex, race and Hispanic origin: 1995 to 2050. Current Population Reports, P-25, No. 1130. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office.
US Bureau of the Census (1997), Statistical Abstract of the United States, 1995. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office.
US Bureau of the Census (1998), Web site, http://www.census.gov/hhes/hlthins/hlthin97/ hi97t2.html.
US Congress, Office of Technology Assessment (1992), Does Health Insurance Make a Difference? – Background Paper. OTA-BP-H-99.Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office.
US General Accounting Office (1997), Retiree Health Insurance: Erosion in Employer-Based Health Benefits for Early Retirees. GAO/HEHS–97–150. Gaithersburg, MD: US Government Accounting Office.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Pol, L.G., Mueller, K.J. & Adidam, P.T. Health insurance in the near elderly population. Population Research and Policy Review 19, 97–112 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006441904583
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006441904583