Abstract
The purpose of the study was to estimate the incidence of unfavourable mammographic pattern by risk factors of breast cancers. Data consisted of 1890 Finnish women with mammographic pattern of either N1 or P1 (Wolfe's classification) at the initial screening. The screening was repeated every second year from 1982 to 1990 and at each screening round the mammographic pattern was assessed. The incidence rate of P2,DY pattern was 1.9/100 woman years. The incidence of P2,DY pattern was significantly related to age. The age‐adjusted odds ratio (OR) (based on logistic regression) was 2.0 (95 CI 1.0–3.9) among women with hormonal replacement therapy (HRT), 0.6 (95 CI 0.4–0.9) among postmenopausal women, 0.2 (95 CI 0.1–0.4) among women with large breasts and 0.2 (95 CI 0.1–0.3) among women with large body mass index (BMI). After multivariate adjustment by logistic regression only the effect of BMI remained statistically significant, odds ratio of P2,DY pattern for women with BMI 25 or more was 0.2 (95 CI 0.1–0.6) compared to women with BMI less than 20.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Wolfe JN: Breast patterns as an index of risk for developing breast cancer. Am J Roentgenol 126: 1130–1139, 1976
De Stavola BL, Gravelle IH, Wang DY, et al. Relationship of mammographic parenchymal patterns with breast cancer risk factors and risk of breast cancer in a prospective study. Int J Epidemiol 19: 247–254, 1990
Kato I, Beinart C, Bleich A, Su S, Kim M, Toniolo PG: A nested case-control study of mammographic patterns, breast volume, and breast cancer (New York City, NY, United States). Cancer Causes Control 6: 431–438, 1995
Hakama M, Pukkala E, Kallio M, Godenhjelm K, Svinhufvud U: Effectiveness of screening for breast cancer in women under50 years at entry: the Kotka pilot project in Finland. Int J Cancer 63: 55–57, 1995
Hosmer DW, Lemeshow S. Applied logistic regression. John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, 1989
Salminen T, Hakama M, Heikkilä M, Saarenmaa I: Favorable change in mammographic parenchymal patterns and breast cancer risk factors. Int J Cancer 78: 410–414, 1998
Bartow SA, Pathak DR, Mettler FA, Key CR, Pike MC: Breast mammographic pattern: a concatenation of confounding and breast cancer risk factors. Am J Epidemiol 142: 813–819, 1995
Beijerinck D, van Noord PAH, Seidell JC, den Tonkelaar I, Rombach JJ, Bruning PF: Abdominal fat predominance in women is associated with a decreased prevalence of the high risk P2, DY mammographic breast patterns. Int J Obes 15: 89–93, 1991
Bergkvist L, Tabar L, Bergstrom R, Adami H-O: Epidemiologic determinants of the mammographic parenchymal pattern. A population-based study within a mammographic screening program. Am J Epidemiol 126: 1075–1081, 1987
Brisson J, Morrison AS, Khalid N: Mammographic parenchymal features and breast cancer in the breast cancer detection demonstration project. J Natl Cancer Inst 80: 1534–1540, 1988
Laya MB, Gallagher JC, Schreiman JS, Larson EB, Watson P, Weinstein L: Effect of postmenopausal hormonal replacement therapy on mammographic density and parenchymal pattern. Radiology 196: 433–437, 1995
Kaufman Z, Garstin WIH, Hayes R, Michell MJ, Baum M: The mammographic parenchymal patterns of women on hormonal replacement therapy. Clin Radiol 43: 389–392, 1991
Bergkvist L, Tabar L, Adami H-O, Persson I, Bergström R: Mammographic parenchymal patterns in women receiving noncontraceptive estrogen treatment. Am J Epidemiol 130: 503–510, 1989
Oza AM, Boyd NF: Mammographic parenchymal patterns: a marker of breast cancer risk. Epidemiol Rev 15: 196–208, 1993
Van Gils CH, Otten JDM, Verbeek ALM, Hendriks JHCL: Short communication: breast parenchymal patterns and their changes with age. Br J Radiol 68: 1133–1135, 1995
Gram IT, Funkhouser E, Tabar L: Reproductive and menstrual factors in relation to mammographic parenchymal patterns among premenopausal women. Br J Cancer 71: 647–650, 1995
Saftlas AF, Szklo M: Mammographic parenchymal patterns and breast cancer risk. Epidemiol Rev 9: 146–174, 1987
Leinster SJ, Walsh PV, Whitehouse GH, Al-Sumidaie AM: Factors associated with mammographic parenchymal patterns. Clin Radiol 39: 252–256, 1988
de Waard F, Rombach JJ, Collette HJA, Slotboom B: Breast cancer risk associated with reproductive factors and breast parenchymal patterns. J Natl Cancer Inst 72: 1277–1282, 1984
Tabar L, Dean PB: Mammographic parenchymal patterns. Risk indicator for breast cancer? JAMA 247: 185–189, 1982
Kaufman Z, Garstin WIH, Hayes R, Michell MJ, Baum M: The mammographic parenchymal patterns of nulliparous women and women with a family history of breast cancer. Clin Radiol 43: 385–388, 1991
Stomper PC, Van Voorhis BJ, Ravnikar VA, Meyer JE: Mammographic changes associated with postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy: a longitudinal study. Radiology 174: 487–490, 1990
Salminen T, Saarenmaa I, Heikkilä M, Hakama M: Risk of breast cancer and changes in mammographic parenchymal patterns over time. Acta Oncol 37: 547–551, 1998
Saflas AF, Wolfe JN, Hoover RN, et al.: Mammographic parenchymal patterns as indicators of breast cancer risk. Am J Epidemiol 129: 518–526, 1989
Brisson J, Verreault R, Morrison AS, Tennina S, Meyer F: Diet, mammographic features of breast tissue and breast cancer risk. Am J Epidemiol 130: 14–24, 1989
Ciatto S, Zappa M: A prospective study of the value of mammographic patterns as indicators of breast cancer risk in a screening experience. Eur J Radiol 17: 122–125, 1993.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Salminen, T.M., Saarenmaa, I.E., Heikkilä, M.M. et al. Unfavourable change in mammographic patterns and the breast cancer risk factors. Breast Cancer Res Treat 57, 165–173 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006235206513
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006235206513