Skip to main content
Log in

Effect of Humic Acid on the Bioavailability of γ-Hexachlorocyclohexane in Marsilea Minuta (L.)

  • Published:
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Effect of various concentrations of humic acid (0.2 to 1%) on thebioavailability of γ-HCH in vegetative clones of theaquatic fern Marsilea minuta was studied in a staticexperimental bioassay system on different photoperiods. Additionof humic acid showed the reduction in the bioavailability ofγ-HCH in all the photoperiods (72 hr light to 144 hrlight) at the interval of 16 hr light (L) and 8 hr dark (D) inboth aerial and submerged portion as compared to controlindicating its protective role in toxicity.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Biernacki, M., Lovett-Doust, J. and Lovett-Doust, L.: 1997, ‘Laboratory assay of sediment phytotoxicity using the macrophyte Vallisneria american’, Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 16, 472–478.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brix, H. and Schierup, H. H.: 1989, ‘The aquatic macrophytes in water pollution control’, Ambio 18, 100–107.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bruggeman, W. A.: 1982, ‘Hydrophobic interactions in aquatic environment’, in: O. Hutzinger (ed.), Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, Vol. 2, Part B, Springer-Verlag, Berlin pp. 83–102.

    Google Scholar 

  • Canonica, S., Jans, U., Stemmler, K. and Hoigne, J.: 1995, ‘Transformation kinetics of phenols in water. Photosensitization by dissolved natural organic material and aromatic ketons’, Environ. Sci. Technol. 29, 1822–1831.

    Google Scholar 

  • Charpentier, S., Garnier, J. and Flaugnatti, R.: 1987, ‘Toxicity and bioaccumulation of cadmium in experimental cultures of Suckweed, L. polyrrhiza (L)’, Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 38, 1055–1061.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chiou, C. T., Kile, D. E., Brinton, T. L., Malcolm, R. L., Leenheer, J. A. and MacCarthy, P.: 1987, ‘A comparison of water solubility enhancements of organic solutes by aqueous humic materials and commercial humic acids’, Environ. Sci. Technol. 21, 1231–1234.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cooper, W-J., Zika, R. G., Petasne, R. G. and Fischer, A. M.: 1989, ‘Sunlight induced photochemistry of humic substances in natural waters: Major reactive species. In Aquatic humic substances: Influence of fate of treatment of Pollutants'. Advances in Chemistry Series 219 (I. H. Suffet and P. MacCarthy, eds.), pp. 332–362. Am Chem Soc Washington, D.C.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cunningham, S. D., Anderson, T., Schwab, P. and Hsu, F.: 1996, ‘Phytoremediation of soil contaminated with organic pollutants'. Adv. Agron. 56, 55–114.

    Google Scholar 

  • Day, K.: 1991, ‘Effect of dissolved organic carbon on accumulation and acute toxicity of fenvalerate, deltamethrin and cyhalothrin to Daphnia magna (Strauss)’, Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 10, 91–101.

    Google Scholar 

  • EPA (Environmental Protection Agency): 1975, ‘Test methods for assessing the effect of chemicals in plants’, EPA 560–17–75–008, Final report, US Environmental Agency, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goodrich, M. S., Dulak, L. H., Friedmen, M. A. and Lech, J. J.: 1991, ‘Acute and long term toxicity of water soluble cationic polymers to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and the modification of toxicity by humic acid’, Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 10, 509–515.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guilizzoni, P.: 1991, ‘The role of heavy metals and toxic materials in the physiological ecology of submerged macrophytes’, Aquatic Botany 41, 87–109.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jaffe, R.: 1991, ‘Fate of hydrophobic organic pollutants in the aquatic environment, A review’, Environ. Pollut. 69, 237–257.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Landrum, P. F., Reinhold, M. D., Nihart, S. R. and Eadie, B. J.: 1985, ‘Predicting the bioavailability of organic xenobiotics to Pontoporeia hoyi in the presence of humic and fulvic materials and natural dissolved organic matter’, Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 4, 459–467.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lores, E. M., Patrick, J. M. and Summers, J. K.: 1993, ‘Humic acid effects on uptake of hexachlorobiphenyl by sheepshead minnows on static sediment/water systems’, Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 12, 541–550.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lovett-Doust, L., Lovett-Doust, J. and Biernacki, M.: 1994a, ‘American Wildcelery, Vallisneria americana, as a biomonitor of organic contaminants in aquatic ecosystems’, J. Great Lakes Res. 20, 333–354.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lovett-Doust, J., Schmidt, M. and Lovett-Doust, L.: 1994b, ‘Biological assessment of aquatic pollution: A review, with emphasis on plants as biomonitors’, Biol. Rev. 69, 147–186.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Manny, B. A. and Kenaga, D.: 1991, ‘The Detroit River: Effects of contaminants and human activities on aquatic plants and animals and their habitats’, Hydrobiologia 219, 269–279.

    Google Scholar 

  • Means, J. C. and Wijayratne, R. D.: 1982, ‘Role of natural colloids in the transport of hydrophobic pollutants’, Science 215, 968–970.

    Google Scholar 

  • Misra, V., Pandey, S. D. and Viswanathan, P. N.: 1996a, ‘Binding of γ-hexachloro-cyclohexane with humic acid and chlorophyll in aquatic environment in relation to ecotoxicity’, Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. 64, 257–264.

    Google Scholar 

  • Misra, V., Pandey, S. D. and Viswanathan, P. N.: 1996b, ‘Environmental significance of humic acid in the sequestration of metals’, Chemistry and Ecology 13, 103–112.

    Google Scholar 

  • Misra, V., Pandey, S. D. and Viswanthan, P. N.: 1998, ‘Chemical approach to study the environmental implications of humic acid and γ-HCH interaction’, Chemistry and Ecology 14, 97–106.

    Google Scholar 

  • Muir, D. C. G., Hobden, B. R. and Servos, M. R.: 1994, ‘Bioconcentration of pyrethroid insecticides and DDT by rainbouw trout: uptake, depuration, and effect of dissolved organic carbon’, Aquat Toxicol 29, 223–240.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ortego, L. S. and Benson, W. H.: 1992, ‘Effects of dissolved humic materials on the toxicity of selected pyrethroid insecticides’, Environ Toxicol Chem 11, 261–265.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rav-Acha, C. H. and Rebhun, M.: 1992, ‘Binding of organic solutes to dissolved humic substances and its effect on adsorption and transport in the aquatic environment’, Water Res. 26, 1645–1654

    Google Scholar 

  • Salomons, W., de Rooij, N. M., Kerdigk, H. and Bril, J.: 1987, ‘Sediments as a source for contaminants’, Hydrobiol. 149, 13–30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Salt, D., Blaylock, M., Kumar, N., Dushenkov, V., Ensley, B., Chet, I. and Raskin, I.: 1995, ‘Phytoremediation. A novel strategy for the removal of toxic metals from the environment using plants’, Biotechnology 13, 468–474.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Singh, J., Devi, S., Chawla, G., Gupta, M. and Viswanathan, P. N.: 1991, ‘Ultrastructural and biochemical effects of cadmium on the aquatic fern Marsilea minuta (L)’, Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 21, 171–18.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tan, K. H.: 1994, Environmental Soil Science, Marcel Dekker, Inc. N. York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vrana, D. and Votruba, J.: 1995, ‘Influence of soluble humic substances of the growth of algae and blue green algae’, Folia Microbiol. 40, 207–208.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Misra, V., Pandey, S.D. & Viswanathan, P.N. Effect of Humic Acid on the Bioavailability of γ-Hexachlorocyclohexane in Marsilea Minuta (L.). Environ Monit Assess 61, 231–237 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006171206492

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006171206492

Navigation