Abstract
This paper discusses how Salvadoran companies practice corporate philanthropy in El Salvador, and what might motivate it. First, I briefly discuss three principal theories of corporate philanthropy, and explore some current trends in international corporate philanthropy to highlight some of the motives Salvadoran companies may have to participate in charitable activities. Then, I discuss the history of the Salvadoran private sector to help us understand philanthropic activity today. Next, I suggest that philanthropic acts by Salvadoran firms are driven by altruistic and politically strategic motives, and reflect individualistic and paternalistic attitudes. In the discussion, I include examples of Salvadoran corporate philanthropy as it is practiced today, based on recent field research in El Salvador.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Asociación Nacional de la Empresa Privada (ANEP): 1996, El manifiesto salvadoreño (ANEP, San Salvador).
Asociación Salvadoreña de Industria (ASI), General Manager. Conversation with author. San Salvador, El Salvador. May 2, 1997.
Asociación Salvadoreña de la Industria de la Confección (ASIC), Executive Director. Conversation with author. San Salvador, El Salvador. May 2, 1997.
Aubey, R. T.: 1969, 'Entrepreneurial formation in El Salvador', Explorations in Entrepreneurial History 6(3), 268–285.
Baloyra, E. A.: 1982, El Salvador in Transition (The University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, NC).
Batson, C. D. and L. L. Shaw: 1991, 'Evidence for Altruism: Toward a Pluralism of Prosocial Motives', Psychological Inquiry 2(2), 107–122.
Bock, B., H. J. Goldschmid, I. M. Millstein and F. M. Scherer: 1984, The Impact of the Modern Corporation (Columbia University Press, New York).
Burt, R. S.: 1983. Corporate Profits and Co-optation (Academic Press, New York).
Carroll, A. B.: 1991, 'The Pyramid of Corporate Social Responsibility', Business Horizons 34(4), 39–48.
Castro, B.: 1995, 'Business Ethics: Some Observations on the Relationship between Training, Affiliation, and Disciplinary Drift', Journal of Business Ethics 14, 781–786.
Chamber of Commerce of El Salvador, Director of Public Relations. Conversation with author. San Salvador, El Salvador, April 30, 1997.
Christian, S.: 1995, Investing and Selling in Latin America (Hemisphere Books, Shawnee Mission, KS).
Cochran, P. L. and R. A. Wood: 1984, 'Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Performance', Academy of Management Journal 27, 42–56.
Cowton, C. J.: 1987, 'Corporate Philanthropy in the United Kingdom', Journal of Business Ethics 6, 553–558.
Deresky, H.: 1997, International Management (Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA).
Drucker, P.: 1989, The New Realities (Harper & Row, New York).
Escuela Superior de Economia y Negocios (ESEN), Executive Director. Conversation with author. San Salvador, El Salvador. May 2, 1997.
Farah, D.: 1997, 'Salvadoran Left Wins via Ballot Box', The Washington Post International (April 22).
Frederick, W. C.: 1992, 'The Empirical Quest for Normative Meaning', Business Ethics Quarterly 2, 91–98.
Fundación Salvadoreña de Desarrollo (FUSADES), Executive Director. Conversation with author. San Salvador, El Salvador. April 30, 1997.
Fundación Salvadoreña de Desarrollo (FUSADES): 1995, Annual Report 1995 (FUSADES, San Salvador).
Galaskiewicz, J.: 1985, 'Professional Networks and the Institutionalization of a Single Mind Set', American Sociological Review 50.
Galaskiewicz, J. and S. Wasserman: 1989, 'Mimetic Processes within an Interorganizational Field: An Empirical Test', Administrative Science Quarterly 34, 454–479.
Gruson, L.: 1990, 'Salvadoran Company Wins Peace of Its Own', The New York Times International (October 3), A9.
Guevara, J. A.: 1997, El Salvador: Exploration of The Re-emergence of Volunteerism and Philanthropy in a Post-war Culture. Unpublished monograph of the School of Social Work (Grand Valley State University, Allendale, MI).
Jones, R. E.: 1994, 'A Theory of Firm Philanthropy: The Philanthropic Capacity of the Firm', Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the International Association for Business and Society, Hilton Head, SC.
Krebs, D. L.: 1991, 'Altruism and Egoism: A False Dichotomy?', Psychological Inquiry 2(2), 137–138.
Lehman, T. and D. Johnson: 1970, The Economics of Charity (Center for the Study of Public Choice, Blacksburg, VA).
Long, T.: Conversation with author. San Salvador, El Salvador. May 1, 1997.
McKinley, W., C. M. Sánchez and A. G. Schick: 1995, 'Organizational Downsizing: Constraining, Cloning, Learning', Academy of Management Executive 9(3), 32–42.
Meyer, J. W. and B. Rowan: 1977, 'Institutional Organizations: Formal Structure as Myth and Ceremony', American Journal of Sociology 83, 340–363.
Mescon, T. S. and D. J. Tilson: 1987, 'Corporate Philanthropy: A Strategic Approach to the Bottomline', California Management Review 29(2), 49–61.
Neiheisel, S. R.: 1994, Corporate Strategy and the Politics of Goodwill (Peter Lang, New York).
Norvell, S.: 1995, 'El Salvador', in S. Christian (ed.), Investing and Selling in Latin America (Morning Light, Shawnee Mission, KS), pp. 136–138.
Otis, J.: 1997, 'Higher Ground: Latin America's Business Leaders Mix Social Vision and Profits', Latin Trade 5(9), 89–92.
Owen, C. L. and R. F. Scherer:. 1993, Social Responsibility and Market Share', Review of Business 15(1), 11–16.
Pasquero, J.: 1991, 'Trends in International Corporate Philanthropy', in K. Paul (ed.), Contemporary Issues in Business and Society in the United States and Abroad (The Edwin Mellin Press, Lewiston, NY), pp. 225–257.
Porter, M. E.: 1990, The Competitive Advantage of Nations (The Free Press, New York).
Roberts, N. C. and P. J. King: 1989, 'The Stakeholder Audit Goes Public', Organizational Dynamics (Winter), 63–79.
Rotary Club of El Salvador, President. Conversation with author. San Salvador, El Salvador. April 30, 1997.
Russell, P. L.: 1984: El Salvador in Crisis (Colorado River Press, Austin, TX).
Sharfman, M.: 1994, 'Changing Institutional Rules: The Evolution of Corporate Philanthropy, 1883–1953', Business & Society 33(3), 236–269.
Smith, C.: 1994, 'The New Corporate Philanthropy', Harvard Business Review 72(3), 105–116.
Teagarden, M. B., M. C. Butler and M. Von Glinow: 1992, 'Mexico's maquiladora Industry: Where Strategic Human Resource Management Makes a Difference', Organizational Dynamics (Winter), 34–47.
U.S. Agency for International Development, Economist. Conversation with author. San Salvador, El Salvador. April 28, 1997.
U.S. Department of Commerce: 1996, 'El Salvador: Economic Trends and Outlook', Country Commercial Guide (International Trade Administration, Washington, DC).
U.S. Department of Commerce, Commercial Officer. Conversation with author. San Salvador, El Salvador. April 28, 1997.
Useem, M.: 1984, The Inner Circle: Large Corporations and the Rise of Business Political Activity in the U.S. and U.K. (Oxford University Press, New York).
Vidal, J. H.: 1996, 'Reducción de la pobreza: Un rol para el sector privado?', Unidad Empresarial 7(41), 51–59 (ANEP, San Salvador).
Wartick, S. L. and D. J. Wood: 1998, International Business and Society (Blackwell, Malden, MA).
Wood, D. J.: 1991, 'Corporate Social Performance Revisited', Academy of Management Review 16(4), 691–718.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sánchez, C.M. Motives for Corporate Philanthropy in El Salvador: Altruism and Political Legitimacy. Journal of Business Ethics 27, 363–375 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006169005234
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006169005234


