Abstract
Two trials were conducted against natural and experimentally induced parasitic gastroenteritis in sheep and goats using an in-feed formulation of albendazole to evaluate its therapeutic and prophylactic efficacy. In the first trial, albendazole was incorporated in feed pellets to deliver an average daily dose of 0.7 mg/kg body weight in order to evaluate its prophylactic efficacy. In the second trial, feed pellets were offered to deliver an average total dose of 8.0 mg/kg body weight in two equal split doses in order to evaluate its curative efficacy.
Sustained plasma concentrations of the active compound, albendazole sulphoxide, and its metabolite albendazole sulphone, sufficient to prevent establishment of infection, were achieved when the animals were allowed to feed on medicated pellets for 10 consecutive days. The bioavailability of the metabolites of albendazole following the administration of a therapeutic dose in two split doses of the in-feed formulation was sufficient to remove established adult nematodes. The concentrate feed pellets could be used for self-medicating small ruminants for therapeutic use as well as for prophylaxis based on their strategic use appropriate to the epidemiology of the parasitic disease.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Ali, D.N. and Hennessy, D.R., 1995. The effect of reduced feed intake on the efficacy of oxfendazole against benzimidazole resistant Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis in sheep. International Journal for Parasitology, 25, 71-74
Ali, D.N., Hennessy, D.R. and Murphy, L., 1990. Standard operating procedure for the extraction and quantification of fenbendazole from a molasses urea block. Annual Report (1.2.1989 to 31.1.1990), Self Medication of Ruminants in Tethered Husbandry System, (ACIAR Project 8523)
Delatour, P., Benoit, E., Lechenet, J. and Besse, S., 1990. Pharmacokinetics in sheep and cattle of albendazole administered by an intraruminal slow release capsule. Research in Veterinary Science, 48, 271-275
Gill, B.S., 1996. Anthelmintic resistance in India. Veterinary Parasitology, 63, 173-176
Gyurik, R.J., Chow, A.W., Zaber, B., Brunner, E.L., Miller, J.A., Villani, A.J., Petka, L.A. and Parish, R.C., 1981. Metabolism of albendazole in cattle, sheep, rats and mice. Drug Metabolism and Disposition, 9, 503-508
Hennessy, D.R., 1994. The disposition of antiparasitic drugs in relation to the development of resistance by parasites of livestock. Acta Tropica, 56, 125-141
Hennessy, D.R., 1997. Physiology, pharmacology and parasitology. International Journal for Parasitology, 27, 145-152
Hennessy, D.R., Steel, J.W., Lacey, E., Eagleson, G.K. and Prichard, R.K., 1989. The disposition kinetics of albendazole in sheep. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 12, 421-429
Hennessy, D.R., Ali, D.N. and Sillince, J., 1995. The effect of a short-term reduction in feed on the pharmacokinetics and efficacy of albendazole in sheep. Australian Veterinary Journal, 72, 29-30
Knox, M.R., 1995. Medicated blocks to control parasites of ruminants. In: J.B. Rowe and J.V. Nolan (eds), Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition in Australia, (Department of Animal Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW), 116-121
Knox, M.R. and Steel, J.W., 1997. Effects of diet and species on the pharmacokinetics of fenbendazole in cattle. Veterinary Research Communications, 21, 37-43
Knox, M.R., Steel, J.W., Ali, D.N. and LeJambre, L.F., 1995. A comparison of plasma metabolite levels in goats and sheep during continuous low-level administration of fenbendazole. Veterinary Research Communications, 19, 159-165
Manueli, P.R., 1996. Research in Fiji - blocks for parasite control in sheep. (ACIAR Project 9132. Termination Review Meeting held at the Veterinary Research Institute, Ipoh, Malaysia)
Munyua, W.K., Githigia, S.M., Mwangi, D.M., Kimoro, C.O. and Ayuya, J.M., 1997. The effects of a controlled-release albendazole capsule (Proftril-Captec) on parasitism in grazing Corriedale ewes in the Nyandarua district of Kenya. Veterinary Research Communications, 21, 85-99
Prichard, R.K., Hennessy, D.R. and Steel, J.W., 1978. Prolonged administration: a new concept for increasing spectrum and effectiveness of anthelmintics. Veterinary Parasitology, 4, 309-315
Prichard, R.K., Hennessy, D.R., Steel, J.W. and Lacey, E., 1985. Metabolite concentrations in plasma following treatment of cattle with five anthelmintics. Research in Veterinary Science, 39, 173-178
Sanyal, P.K., 1994. Pharmacokinetic study of triclabendazole in sheep and goat using a high performance liquid chromatography method. Indian Journal of Pharmacology, 26, 200-203
Sanyal, P.K., 1996. Gastrointestinal parasites and small ruminant production in India. Sustainable parasite control in small ruminants. ACIAR Proceedings, 74, 109-112
Sanyal, P.K., 1997a. Disposition kinetics of albendazole in goat compared to sheep. Indian Veterinary Journal, 74, 213-216
Sanyal, P.K., 1997b. Self medicating anthelmintic delivery devices for ruminants. The Blue Cross Book for the Veterinarian Profession, 8, 12-17
Sanyal, P.K., 1998. Effect of single and divided dose administration on the pharmacokinetics of albendazole in sheep and goat. The Veterinary Journal, 155, 311-316
Sanyal, P.K. and Ghodke, Y.S., 1996. Influence of species and subclinical parasitism on the kinetic disposition of fenbendazole in small ruminants. Indian Veterinary Journal, 73, 392-395
Sanyal, P.K., Knox, M.R., Singh, D.K., Hennessy, D.R. and Steel, J.W., 1995. Influence of diet type on the kinetic disposition of fenbendazole in cattle and buffalo. International Journal for Parasitology, 25, 1201-1205
Short, C.R., Flory, W., Hsieh, L.C. and Barker, S.A., 1988. The oxidative metabolism of fenbendazole: a comparative study. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 11, 50-55
Skerman, K.D. and Hillard, J.J., 1966. A Handbook for Studies of Helminth Parasites of Ruminants, (Near East Animal Health Institutes, Iran Unit, FAO, Section C IV), 1-3
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sanyal, P. The Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy of Long-Term Low-Level and Split-Dose Administration of Albendazole Through In-Feed Formulations against Ovine and Caprine Parasitic Gastroenteritis. Vet Res Commun 22, 467–477 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006127132161
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006127132161