Skip to main content
Log in

Characterization of the Photosystem I subunits PsaI and PsaL from two strains of the marine oxyphototrophic prokaryote Prochlorococcus

  • Published:
Photosynthesis Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A 25 kDa protein associated with Photosystem I (PS I) of the divinyl-chlorophyll a/b-containing oxychlorobacterium Prochlorococcus marinus SS120 (CCMP 1375) was isolated, and the amino acid sequences of the N-terminus and one internal peptide were determined. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with degenerate primers yielded a 92 bp fragment, which was used to isolate the complete gene from a genomic library. The corresponding gene was isolated from a library of Prochlorococcus sp. MED4 (CCMP 1378). In both Prochlorococcus strains, the gene encodes a protein of 199 amino acids. The gene products show a strong sequence similarity to the PS I subunit PsaL. The N-terminus contains a hydrophilic domain that has not been found in PsaL proteins from other organisms. In both strains, sequences encoding a protein similar to PsaI were found upstream of the psaL gene. Both genes are transcribed in the same direction.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Altschul SF, Gish W, Miller W, Myers EW and Lipman DJ (1990) Basic local alignment search tool. J Mol Biol 215: 403–410

    Google Scholar 

  • Bauw G, Van Damme J, Puype M, Vandekerckhove J, Gesser B, Ratz GP, Lauridsen JB and Celis JE (1989) Proteinelectroblotting and-microsequencing strategies in generating protein data bases from two-dimensional gels. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86: 7701–7705

    Google Scholar 

  • Boekema EJ, Boonstra AF, Dekker JP and Rögner M (1994) Electron microscopic structural analysis of Photosystem I, Photosystem II and the cytochrome b6/f complex from green plants and cyanobacteria. J. Bioenerg Biomemb 26: 17–29

    Google Scholar 

  • Chisholm SW, Frankel SL, Goericke R, Olson RJ, Palenik B, Waterbury JB, West-Johnsrud L and Zettler ER (1992) Prochlorococcus marinus nov. gen. nov. sp.: An oxyphototrophic marine prokaryote containing divinyl chlorophyll a and b. Arch Microbiol 157: 297–300

    Google Scholar 

  • Chitnis PR (1996) Photosystem I – update on photosynthetic electron transport. Plant Physiol 111: 661–669

    Google Scholar 

  • Chitnis VP and Chitnis PR (1993) PsaL subunit is required for the formation of Photosystem I trimers in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. FEBS Lett 336: 330–334

    Google Scholar 

  • Chitnis VP, Xu Q, Yu L, Golbeck JH, Nakamoto H, Xie D-L and Chitnis PR (1993) Targeted inactivation of the gene psaL encoding a subunit of Photosystem I of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. J Biol Chem 268: 11678–11684

    Google Scholar 

  • Chitnis PR, Xu Q, Chitnis V P and Nechushtai R (1995) Function and organization of Photosystem I polypeptides. Photosynth Res 44: 23–40

    Google Scholar 

  • Church GM and Gilbert W (1984) Genomic sequencing. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 81: 1991–1995

    Google Scholar 

  • Claros MG and von Heijne G (1994) TopPred II: An improved software for membrane protein structure predictions. Comput Applic Biosci 10: 685–686

    Google Scholar 

  • Flieger K, Oelmüller R and Herrmann RG (1993) Isolation and characterization of cDNA clones encoding a 18.8 kDa polypeptide, the product of the gene psaL, associated with Photosystem I reaction center from spinach. Plant Mol Biol 22: 703–709

    Google Scholar 

  • Fling SP and Gregerson DS (1986) Peptide and protein molecular weight determination by electrophoresis using a high molarity Tris buffer system without urea. Anal Biochem 155: 83–88

    Google Scholar 

  • Franche C and Damerval T (1988) Test on nif probes and DNA hybridizations. Meth Enzymol 167: 803–808

    Google Scholar 

  • Garczarek L, van der Staay GWM, Thomas JC and Partensky F (1998) Isolation and characterization of Photosystem I from two strains of the marine oxychlorobacterium Prochlorococcus. Photosynth Res 56: 131–141

    Google Scholar 

  • GishWand States DJ (1993) Identification of protein coding regions by database similarity search. Nat Genet 3: 266–72

    Google Scholar 

  • Golbeck JH (1994) Photosystem I in cyanobacteria. In: Bryant DA (ed) The Molecular Biology of Cyanobacteria, pp 319–360. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands

    Google Scholar 

  • Hess WR, Weihe A, Loiseaux-de Goër S, Partensky F and Vaulot D (1995) Characterization of the single psbA gene of Prochlorococcus marinus CCMP 1375 (Prochlorophyta). Plant Mol Biol 27: 1189–1196

    Google Scholar 

  • Hess WR, Partensky F, van der Staay GWM, Garcia-Fernandez JM, Börner T and Vaulot D (1996) Coexistence of phycoerythrin and a chlorophyll a/b antenna in a marine prokaryote. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93: 11126–11130

    Google Scholar 

  • Jansson S, Andersen B and Scheller HV (1996) Nearest neighbor analysis of higher plant Photosystem I complex. Plant Physiol 112: 409–420

    Google Scholar 

  • Kruip J, Chitnis PR, Lagoutte B, Rögner M and Boekema EJ (1997) Structural organization of the major subunits in cyanobacterial PS I. Localization of subunits PsaC,-D, E, F and-J. J. Biol Chem 272: 17061–17069

    Google Scholar 

  • La Roche J, van der Staay GWM, Partensky F, Ducret A, Aebersold R, Li R, Golden SS, Hiller RG, Wrench PM, Larkum AWD and Green BR (1996) Independent evolution of the prochlorophyte and green plant chlorophyll a/b light-harvesting complexes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93: 15244–15248

    Google Scholar 

  • Laudenbach DE and Straus NA (1988) Characterization of a cyanobacterial iron stress-induced gene similar to psbC. J Bactteriol 170: 5018–5026

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee C, Levin A and Branton D (1987) Copper staining: a five minute protein stain for sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels. Anal Biochem 166: 368–379

    Google Scholar 

  • Moore LR, Goericke R and Chisholm SW (1995) Comparative physiology of Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus: Influence of light and temperature on growth, pigments, fluorescence and absorptive properties. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 116: 259–275

    Google Scholar 

  • Mühlenhoff U, Haehnel W, Witt H and Herrmann RG (1993) Genes encoding eleven subunits of Photosystem I from the thermophilic cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. Gene 127: 71–78

    Google Scholar 

  • Nechushtai R, Eden A, Cohen Y and Klein J (1996) Introduction to Photosystem I: Reaction center function, composition and structure. In: Ort DR and Yocum CF (eds) Oxygenic Photosynthesis: The Light Reactions, pp 289–311. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands

    Google Scholar 

  • Okkels JS, Scheller HV, Svendsen I and Møller BL (1991) Isolation and characterization of a cDNA clone encoding an 18-kDa hydrophobic Photosystem I subunit (PS I-L) from barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). J Biol Chem 266: 6767–6773

    Google Scholar 

  • Partensky F, Hoepffner N, Li WKW, Ulloa O and Vaulot D (1993) Photoacclimation of Prochlorococcus sp. (Prochlorophyta) strains isolated from the North Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea. Plant Physiol 101: 285–296

    Google Scholar 

  • Rögner M, Nixon PJ and Diner AD (1989) Purification and characterization of Photosystem I and II core complexes from wildtype and phycocyanin-deficient strains of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis PCC 6803. J Biol Chem 265: 6189–6196

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosenfeld J, Capdevielle J, Guillemot JC and Ferrara P (1992) In-gel digestion of proteins for internal sequence analysis after one-or two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Anal Biochem 203: 173–179

    Google Scholar 

  • Sambrook J, Fritsch EF and Maniatis T (1989) Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual. Cold Spring Harbor, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Scanlan DJ, Hess WR, Partensky F, Newman J and Vaulot D (1996) High degree of genetic variation in Prochlorococcus (Prochlorophyta) revealed by RFLP analysis. J Phycol 31: 1–9

    Google Scholar 

  • Schägger H and von Jagow G (1987) Tricine-sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for the separation of proteins in the range from 1 to 100 kDa. Anal Biochem 166: 368–379

    Google Scholar 

  • Scheller HV, Okkels JS, Høj JS, Svendsen I, Roepstorff P and Møller BL (1989) The primary structure of a 4.0 kDa Photosystem I polypeptide encoded by the chloroplast psaI gene. J Biol Chem 264: 18402–18406

    Google Scholar 

  • Scheller HV, Naver H and Møller BL (1997) Molecular aspects of Photosystem I. Physiol Plant 100: 842–851

    Google Scholar 

  • Schluchter WM, Shen G, Zhao J and Bryant DA (1996) Characterization of psaI and psaL mutants of Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7002: A new model for state transitions in cyanobacteria. Photochem Photobiol 64: 53–66

    Google Scholar 

  • Schubert W-D, Klukas O, Krauß N, Saenger W, Fromme P and Witt HT (1997) Photosystem I of Synechococcus elongatus at 4 Å resolution: Comprehensive structure analysis. J Mol Biol 272: 741–769

    Google Scholar 

  • Schuler GD, Altschul SF and Lipman DJ (1991) A workbench for multiple alignment construction and analysis. Proteins, Structure, Funct Genet 9: 180–190

    Google Scholar 

  • Urbach E, Scanlan DJ, Distel DL, Waterbury JB and Chisholm SW (1998) Rapid diversification of marine picophytoplankton with dissimilar light harvesting structures inferred from sequences of Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus (cyanobacteria). JMol Evol 46: 188–201

    Google Scholar 

  • van der Staay GWM and Staehelin LA (1994) Biochemical characterization of protein composition and protein phosphorylation patterns in stacked and unstacked thylakoid membranes of the prochlorophyte Prochlorothrix hollandica. J Biol Chem 269: 24834–24844

    Google Scholar 

  • van der Staay GWM, Boekema EJ, Dekker JP and Matthijs HCP (1993) Characterization of trimeric Photosystem I particles from the prochlorophyte Prochlorothrix hollandica by electron microscopy and image analysis. Biochim Biophys Acta 1142: 189–193

    Google Scholar 

  • von Heijne G (1992) Membrane protein structure prediction: hydrophobicity analysis and the 'positive inside' rule. J Mol Biol 225: 487–494

    Google Scholar 

  • Xu Q, Armbrust TS, Guikema JA and Chitnis PR (1994) Organization of Photosystem I polypeptides. A structural interaction between the PsaD and PsaL subunits. Plant Physiol 106: 1057–1063

    Google Scholar 

  • Xu Q, Hoppe D, Chitnis VP, Odom WR, Guikema JA and Chitnis PR (1995) Mutational analysis of Photosystem I polypeptides in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Targeted inactivation of psaI reveals the function of PsaI in the structural organization of PsaL. J Biol Chem 270: 16243–16250

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

van der Staay, G.W., Moon-van der Staay, S.Y., Garczarek, L. et al. Characterization of the Photosystem I subunits PsaI and PsaL from two strains of the marine oxyphototrophic prokaryote Prochlorococcus. Photosynthesis Research 57, 183–191 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006098510768

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006098510768

Navigation