Abstract
Ferritin concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 16 patients with glioblastoma were found to be very high (mean, 103.0 ng/mL) relative to 29 patients with viral meningitis and 20 patients with headache (mean concentrations, 5.4 and 4.3 ng/mL respectively). Simultaneous measurement of ferritin in CSF and serum revealed CSF concentrations exceeding those in serum in 11 of 16 patients with glioblastoma (CSF vs. serum ratio, 132.6%), contrasting with very low ratios in patients with meningitis (7.9%) or headache (4.9%). Ferritin was detected immunocytochemically in tumor cell cytoplasm in a resected glioblastoma. Thus, ferritin in CSF appears to be produced by glioblastoma cells, with a biologic significance requiring further investigation.
Similar content being viewed by others
Change history
29 July 2019
The Editor-in-Chief has retracted this article [1]. An investigation by Kurume University has not been able to establish what the appropriate authorship should be because one of the authors, Yoshihiro Sato, is now deceased. As the appropriate authorship cannot be determined the Editor-in-Chief no longer has confidence in this article. Kurume University has also stated that it has not been possible to verify the data presented as none of the research material is available for investigation. We have not been able to contact Yoshiaki Honda, Takeshi Asoh, Kotaro Oizumi, Yuki Ohshima and Eiichiro Honda about this retraction.
29 July 2019
The Editor-in-Chief has retracted this article [1]. An investigation by Kurume University has not been able to establish what the appropriate authorship should be because one of the authors, Yoshihiro Sato, is now deceased. As the appropriate authorship cannot be determined the Editor-in-Chief no longer has confidence in this article. Kurume University has also stated that it has not been possible to verify the data presented as none of the research material is available for investigation. We have not been able to contact Yoshiaki Honda, Takeshi Asoh, Kotaro Oizumi, Yuki Ohshima and Eiichiro Honda about this retraction.
References
Hayakawa T, Morimoto K, Ushio Y, Mori T, Yoshimine T, Myoga A, Mogami H: Levels of astroprotein (an astrocyte-specific cerebroprotein) in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with brain tumors. An attempt at immunochemical diagnosis of gliomas. J Neurosurg 52: 229-233, 1980
Royds JN, Timperley WA, Taylor CB: Levels of enolase and other enzymes in the cerebrospinal fluid as indicator of pathological change. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr 44: 1129-1132, 1981
Jones PAE, Miller FM, Worwood M, Jacobs A: Ferritinaemia in leukaemia and Hodgkin's disease. Br J Cancer 27: 212-217, 1973
Niitsu Y, Kohgo Y, Yokota M, Urushizaki I: Radioimmunoassay of serum ferritin in patients with malignancy. Ann N Y Acad Sci 259: 450-452, 1975
Hazard JT, Drysdale JW: Ferritinaemia in cancer. Nature 265: 755-756, 1977
White GP, Worwood M, Parry DH, Jacobs A: Ferritin synthesis in normal and leukemic leukocytes. Nature 250: 584-585, 1974
Ben-Bassat I, Ramot B, Aghai E, Djaldetti M: Ferritin deposits in peripheral blood lymphocytes of Hodgkin's disease patients. Acta Haemat 62: 267-272, 1979
Hällgren R, Ternet A, Wide L, Bergstrom K, Birgegárd G: Cerebrospinal fluid ferritin in patients with cerebral infarction or bleeding. Acta Neurol Scand 61: 384-392, 1980
Jacobs JT, Worwood M: Ferritin in serum. Clinical and biochemical implications. N Engl J Med 292: 951-956, 1975
Sindic CJM, Collet-Cassart D, Cambiaso DL, Masson PL, Laterre EC: The clinical relevance of ferritin concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr 44: 329-333, 1981
Campbell DR, Skikne BS, Cook JD: Cerebrospinal fluid ferritin levels in screening for meningism. Arch Neurol 43: 1257-1260, 1986
Zapponc E, Bellotti V, Cazzola M, Ceroni M, Meloni F, Pedrazzoli P, Perfetti V: Cerebrospinal fluid ferritin in human disease. Haematologica 71: 103-107, 1986
Gruener N, Gozlan O, Goldstein T, Davis J, Besner I, Inancu TC: Iron, transferrin, and ferritin in cerebrospinal fluid of children. Clin Chem 37: 263-265, 1991
Milman N, Graudal NA, Olsen TS, Wandall JH, Pedersen NS: Cerebrospinal fluid ferritin in patients with meningitis and cerebral infarction or bleeding. Dan Med Bull 40: 490-492, 1993
Keir G, Tasdemir N, Thompson EJ: Cerebrospinal fluid ferritin in brain necrosis: Evidence for local synthesis. Clin Chim Acta 216: 153-166, 1993
Zandman-Goddard G, Matzner Y, Konijn AM, Hershko C: Cerebrospinal fluid ferritin in malignant CNS involvement. Cancer 58: 1346-1349, 1986
Ozawa H, Nishida A, Mito T, Takashima S: Development of ferritin-positive cells in human brain. Pediatr Neurol 10: 44-48, 1994
Møllgård K, Dziegielewska KM, Saunders NR, Zakut H, Soreq H: Synthesis and localization of plasma proteins in the developing human brain. Integrity of the fetal blood-brain barrier to endogenous proteins of hepatic origin. Dev Biol 128: 207-221, 1988
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
The editor-in-Chief has retracted this article [1]. An investigation by Kurume University has not been able to establish what the appropriate authorship should be because one of the authors, Yoshihiro Sato, is now deceased. As the appropriate authorship cannot be determined the Editor-in-Chief no longer has confidence in this article. Kurume University has also stated that it has not been possible to verify the data presented as none of the research material is available for investigation. We have not been able to contact Yoshiaki Honda, Takeshi Asoh, Kotaro Oizumi, Yuki Ohshima and Eiichiro Honda about this retraction.
1. Sato, Y., Honda, Y., Asoh, T., Oizumi, K., Ohshima, Y., Honda, E. Cerebrospinal fluid ferritin in glioblastoma: Evidence for tumor synthesis. J Neurooncol (1998) 40: 47-50. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006078521790
About this article
Cite this article
Sato, Y., Honda, Y., Asoh, T. et al. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Cerebrospinal fluid ferritin in glioblastoma: Evidence for tumor synthesis. J Neurooncol 40, 47–50 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006078521790
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006078521790