Abstract
The effectiveness of X-radiation on regeneration of adventitious buds on in vitro leaf explants of three Rosa hybrida L. genotypes was studied. In vitro leaflet explants of roses produced adventitious buds when cultured in the dark for 1 week on Murashige and Skoog (MS) induction medium containing 6.8 μM thidiazuron (TDZ) + 0.49 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and subsequently transferred to MS regeneration medium containing 2.2 μM benzyladenine (BA) + 0.049 μM IBA in the presence of reduced light, at 15 μmol m-2 s-1 photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). Analysis of radiosensitivity by irradiating leaf explants with increasing doses of X-rays between 25 and 100 Gray (Gy) resulted in a decreasing rate of leaf explants regenerating buds from 47% to 0% respectively. The lethal dose for 50% of the regenerating explants (LD50) in all the three genotypes was estimated to be 25 Gy at a dose rate 2 Gy/s. For the main experiment, doses of 5 and 15 Gy were selected and variations were observed between genotypes. Clone RUI 317 had the highest rate of adventitious bud regeneration, with 83.6% (2.5 buds/explant) at 5 Gy and 64% (1.8 buds/explant) at 15 Gy, compared to 89% (3.4 buds/explant) with the untreated control. Significant differences in the percentage of bud regeneration of the three genotypes were only observed at 15 Gy in comparison to the control and the number of buds formed per regenerating explant varied between 1 to 4.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Baker BS & Bhatia SK (1993) Factors affecting adventitious shoot regeneration from leaf explants of quince (Cydonia oblonga). Plant Cell, Tiss. Org. Cult. 35: 273–277
Broertjes C (1968) Dose rate effects in Saintpaulia. Mutations in Plant Breeding II (pp 63–71). IAEA, Vienna
Broertjes C (1969) Mutation breeding of Streptocarpus. Euphytica 18: 333–339
Broertjes C & Leffring L (1972) Mutation breeding of Kalanchoë. Euphytica 21: 48–63
Broertjes C, Haccius B & Weidlich S (1968) Adventitious bud formation on isolated leaves and its significance for mutation breeding. Euphytica 17: 321–344
Broertjes C & Van Harten AM (1978) Application of Mutation Breeding Methods in the Improvement of Vegetatively Propagated Crops. Elsevier, Amsterdam
Brown DCW & Thorpe TA (1986) Plant regeneration by organogenesis. In: Vasil IK (ed) Cell Culture and Somatic Cell Genetics of Plants, Vol 3 (pp 49–65). Academic Press, Orlando, Fl
Doorenbos J & Karper JJ (1975) X-ray induced mutations in Begonia × hiemalis. Euphytica 24: 13–19
Dubois LAM & De Vries DP (1995) Preliminary report on direct regeneration of adventitious buds on leaf explants of in vivo grown glasshouse rose cultivars. Gartenbauwissenschaft 60(6): 249–253
Famiani F, Ferradini N, Staffolani P & Standardi A (1994) Effect of leaf excision time and age, BA concentration and dark treatments on in vitro shoot regeneration of M.26 apple rootstock. J. Hort. Sci. 69(4): 679–685
Huetteman CA & Preece JE (1993) Thidiazuron: a potent cytokinin for woody plant tissue culture. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 33: 105–119
IAEA (1972) Induced Mutation and Plant Improvement (pp 526–544). IAEA, Vienna
Islam R, Hossain M, Joarder OI & Karim MR (1993) Adventitious shoot formation on excised leaf explants of in vitro grown seedlings of Aegle marmelos Corr. J. Hort. Sci. 68: 495–498
Jerzy M & Zalewska M (1996) Polish cultivars of Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev and Gerbera jamesonii Bolus bred in vitro by induced mutations. Mutation Breeding Newsletter, No 42 (pp 19). IAEA, Vienna
Lainé E & David A (1994) Regeneration of plants from leaf explants of micropropagated clonal Eucalyptus grandis. Plant Cell Rep. 13: 473–476
Laneri U, Franconi R & Altavista P (1990) Somatic mutagenesis of Gerbera jamesonii hybrid: irradiation and in vitro cultures. Acta Hort. 280: 395–402
Mante S, Scorza R & Cordts JM (1989) Plant regeneration from cotyledons of Prunus persica, Prunus domestic, and Prunus cerasus. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 19: 1–11
Mondelaers W, Van Laere K, Goedefroot A & Van den Bossche K (1996) The Gent University 15 MeV high-current linear electron accelerator facility. Nucl. Instrum. and Methods in Phys. Res. A 368: 278–282
Murashige T & Skoog F (1962) A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol. Plant 15: 473–497
Naylor EE & Johnson B (1937) A histological study of vegetative reproduction in Saintpaulia ionantha. Am. J. Bot. 24: 673–676
Niederwieser JG & Van Staden J (1990) The relationship between genotype, tissue age and endogenous cytokinin levels on adventitious bud formation on leaves of Lachenalia. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 22: 223–228
Preil W (1986) In vitro propagation and breeding of ornamental plants: advantages and disadvantages of variability. In: Horn W, Jensen CJ, Odenbach W & Scheider O (eds) Genetic Manipulation in Plant Breeding (pp 377–403). Proc. EUCARPA Int. Symp. Berlin, 1985, EUCARPA, Berlin
Raju EC, Patel JD & Shah JJ (1986) Effect of gamma irradiation on morphology of leaf and shoot apex of ginger, tumeric, and mango ginger. Proc. of the Indian Acad. Sci. 89(3): 173–178
Sparrow AH, Sparrow RC & Schairer LA (1960) The use of X-rays to induce somatic mutations in Saintpaulia. African Violet Mag. 13(4): 32–39
STSC Inc. (1987) STATGRAFICS Users' Guide
Thorpe TA & Patel KR (1984) Clonal propagation: adventitious buds. In: Vasil IK (ed) Cell Culture and Somatic Cell Genetics of Plants, Vol 1 (pp 49–60). Academic Press, New York
Tubiana M, Dutreix J & Wambersie A (1986) Radiobiologie. Hermann, Editeurs des Sciences et des Arts, Paris. In: Fereol L, Louis S & Luce L (1996) Effects of Gamma Radiation on in vitro Plantlets of Alpinia Purpurata J. Hort. Sci. 71(2): 243–247
Van Laere K & Mondelaers W (1997) Design of flattening filters for a high-power bremsstrahlung converter by full Monte Carlo simulation. Rad. Phy. Chem. 49(3): 307–317
Walther F & Sauer A (1986) Analysis of radiosensitivity: A basic requirement for in vitro somatic mutagenesis. II. Gerbera jamesonii. Proc. Int. Symp. Nuclear Techniques and in vitro Culture for Plant Improvement (pp 155–159). IAEA/FAO, Vienna
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ibrahim, R., Mondelaers, W. & Debergh, P.C. Effects of X-irradiation on adventitious bud regeneration from in vitro leaf explants of Rosa hybrida. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 54, 37–44 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006072205608
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006072205608