Abstract
Incineration has become one of the principal methods for municipal solid waste disposal particularly in all large cities throughout the world. Currently, the municipal solid waste incinerator fly ashes (MSWIF) are disposed of by landfill. The metal speciation of cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) in MSWIF after been extracted with water at different pH values were examined using a sequential extraction procedure. The extraction sequence was as follows: (1) Exchangeable (NaOAc, pH 8.2), (2) Bound to Carbonates (NaOAc, pH 5.0), (3) Bound to metal oxides (HONH3Cl), (4) Bound to organic matters (HNO3, H2O2), and (5) Residual (HNO3, HCl, H2O2, HF, 1:3:1:3). The heavy metal contents in the extraction solutions were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. The heavy metal concentrations in the different fractions obtained by sequential extraction show distinct distribution trends. The extractable fraction ranges from 25.5 to 88% of the total element content. With the pH of the extractant fall below the neutral and acidic ranges, the concentrations of heavy metals rise substantially due to the released of metals bound to carbonate fraction.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Adriana, D. C., Page, A. L., Elseewi, A. A., Chang, A. C., and Straughar, I. (1980), Utilisation and Disposal of Fly Ash and Other Coal Residues in Terrestrial Ecosystems: A Review, J. of Envir. Quality, Vol. 9.9,No. 3, pp. 333–344.
Calmano, W., Hong, J., and Förstner, U. (1993), Binding and Mobilization of Heavy Metals in Contaminated Sediment Affected by pH and Redox Potential, Wat. Sci. Tech., Vol. 28,No. 8–9, pp. 223–235.
Campbell, P. G. C., and Tessier, A. (1987), Current status of Metal Speciation Studies, in Metal Speciation, Separation, and Recovery, edited by Patterson, J. W., and Passino, R., Lewis publishers, pp. 201–224.
Federal Register (1980), V45(98), May, 19, 980, pp. 33120–33128.
Fernandez-Turiel, J.L., de Carvalho, W., Cabanas, M., Querol, X., and Lopez-Soler, A. (1994), Mobility of Heavy Metals from Coal Fly Ash, Environmental Geology, 23, pp. 264–270.
Goh, A. T. C., and Tay, J. H. (1993), Municipal Solid-Waste Incinerator for Geotechnical Application, J. of Geotech. Eng., ASCE, Vol. 119,No. 5, pp. 811–825.
Lindsay, W. L. (1985), Chemical Equilibria in Soils, John Wiley & Sons, New York.
Johnson, C. A., Bradenberger, S., and Baccini, P. (1995), Acid Neutralizing Capacity of Municipal Waste Incinerator Bottom Ash, Environ. Sci. Technol., 29, pp. 142–147.
Singapore Facts and Pictures 1994 (1994), Ministry of Information and the Arts, pp. 204.
Tay, J. H., and Cheong, H. K. (1991), Use of Ash Derived from Refuse Incineration as a Partial Replacement of Cement, Cement & Concrete Composites, 13, pp. 171–175.
Tessier, A., Campbell, P. G. C., and Bission, M. (1979), Sequential Extraction Procedure for the Speciation of Particulate Trace Metals, Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 51,No. 7, pp. 844–851.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Tan, L.C., Choa, V. & Tay, J.H. The Influence of pH on Mobility of Heavy Metals from Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Fly Ash. Environ Monit Assess 44, 275–284 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005744811206
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005744811206