Skip to main content
Log in

Rapid Mercury Analysis for the Field: Method Development and Application to Natural Gas Utility Sites

  • Published:
Water, Air, and Soil Pollution Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A new technique based on traditional concepts has beendeveloped for rapid, on-site analysis of mercury inenvironmental media. In this method, mercury isanalyzed by integration of thermal decomposition,amalgamation, and atomic absorption spectrometry(TDA-AAS). Sample preparation and analysis areessentially integrated into a single instrumentalsystem; solid samples can be analyzed directly,without chemical pre-treatment, in an analysis time ofapproximately 5 minutes per sample. A wide range ofstandard reference material has been analyzed byTDA-AAS. Agreement with the certified values at the95% confidence interval for all matrices testedvalidates this technique. Subsequent to validation,TDA-AAS has been used in a series of field studies inconjunction with remediation of mercury-contaminatedsoil at natural gas utility sites. Reasonableagreement has been demonstrated between TDA-AASon-site results and laboratory results usingconventional mercury analysis techniques. Independentlaboratory confirmation of the field data is notrequired as TDA-AAS demonstrates lab-quality resultson-site. This field technique has been shown tosurpass traditional laboratory methods in terms ofboth precision and detection limits. A method for theUnited States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Method 7473, has been developed and validatedbased on TDA-AAS methodology (US EPA, 1998).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Aston S. R. and Riley, J. P.: 1972, ‘The Determination of Mercury in Rocks and Sediments’, Anal. Chim. Acta 59, 349–354.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bruce, M. L. and Richards, K. L.: 1998, ‘Mercury in Soil Screening by Immunoassay’, in Waste Testing and Quality Assurance Symposium, Arlington, VA.

  • Charlton, D. S., Harju, J. A., Stepan, D. J., Kuhnel, V., Schmit, C. R., Butler, R. D., Henke, K. R., Beaver, F. W. and Evans, J. M.: 1994, ‘Natural Gas Industry Sites Contaminated with Elemental Mercury: An Interdisciplinary Research Approach’ in C. J. Watras and J. W. Huckabee (eds.), Mercury Pollution: Integration and Synthesis, Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cherian, L. and Gupta, V. K.: 1990, ‘A Simple Field Test for the Detection of Mercury in Polluted Water, Air and Soil Samples’, Fresenius' J. Anal. Chem. 336(5), 400.

    Google Scholar 

  • Foust, D. F. and Gui, J. Y.: 1997, ‘Rapid Mercury Analysis for the Field’, American Environmental Laboratory (March), 17–18.

  • Hatch, W. R. and Ott, W. L.: 1968, ‘Determination of Sub-Microgram Quantities of Mercury by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry’, Anal. Chem. 40(14), 2085–2087.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, J.: 1997, ‘Controversial EPA Mercury Study Endorsed by Science Panel’, Environ. Sci. Technol. 31(5), 218A-219A.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kingston, H. M., Walter, P. J., Chalk, S., Lorentzen, E. and Link, D.: 1997, ‘Environmental Microwave Sample Preparation: Fundamentals, Methods, and Applications’, in H. M. Kingston and S. J. Haswell (eds.), Microwave-Enhanced Chemistry Fundamentals, Sample Preparation, and Applications, Amercian Chemical Society, Washington, DC: 223–349.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kosta, L. and Byrne, A. R.: 1969, ‘Activation Analysis for Mercury in Biological Samples at Nanogram Level’, Talanta 16, 1297–1303.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kriger, A. A. and Turner, R. R.: 1995, ‘Field Analysis of Mercury in Water, Sediment and Soil using Static Headspace Analysis’, Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 80(1–4), 1295.

    Google Scholar 

  • Manahan, S. E.: 1994, Environmental Chemistry, Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL.

    Google Scholar 

  • Milestone Inc.: 1996, DMA-80a Operating Manual.

  • Ricotta, A. and Boylan, H. M.: 1999, ‘Field Application of the Direct Mercury Analyzer (DMA)’, in Air and Waste Management Association Meeting, St. Louis, MO.

  • Rook, H. L., Gills, T. E. and LaFleur, P. D.: 1972, ‘Method for Determination of Mercury in Biological Materials by Neutron Activation Analysis’, Anal. Chem. 44(7), 1114–1117.

    Google Scholar 

  • Salvato, N. and Pirola, C.: 1996, ‘Analysis of Mercury Traces by Means of Solid Sample Atomic Absorption Spectrometry’, Mikrochim. Acta 123, 63–71.

    Google Scholar 

  • Solc, J., Harju, J. A. and Grisanti, A. A.: 1997, Field Analytical Techniques for Mercury in Soils Technology Evaluation. Morgantown, WV, US DOE.

  • US EPA: 1997, Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods; SW-846, US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • US EPA: 1998, Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods; SW-846, US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vaughn, W. W. and McCarthy, J. H.: 1966, U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Paper 550-B, 135.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vaughn, W. W. and McCarthy, J. M.: 1964, U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Paper 501 D(D123).

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to H. M. ‘Skip’ Kingston.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Boylan, H.M., Richter, R.C., Kingston, H.M.‘. et al. Rapid Mercury Analysis for the Field: Method Development and Application to Natural Gas Utility Sites. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 127, 255–270 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005223121931

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005223121931

Navigation