Abstract
Heavy metals in dredged sedimentdisposal sites may be transported through runoff andpercolation. In the present study metal fluxes byrunoff and percolation were determined under simulatedrainfall at a slope of 19% and a rainfall intensityof approximately 40 mm h-1. These circumstancescorrespond to half the mean annual erosivity of rainunder Belgian weather conditions. Surface runoff andpercolating water samples were analysed for suspendedsolids, total dissolved carbon and Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn.Runoff rate and sediment yields were highest for asilt loam sediment, characterised by a low clay andorganic matter content. Metal concentrations in runoffand percolating water varied widely between thesediments studied and were related to the total metalcontent in the sediment. In runoff and percolatingwater from the contaminated sediments, metalconcentrations strongly exceeded the Netherlands Areference values for ground water quality. Very highmetal fluxes were observed for the recently oxidiseddredged sediment. Metal transport per unit surfacearea through percolating water was from two to morethan twenty times greater than that in surface runoff.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Allison, L. E.: 1965, 'Organic Carbon', in C. A. Black (ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties, Agronomy Monograph 9, 2nd ed., ASA, Madison, Wisconsin, pp. 1367–1378
Allison, L. E. and Moodie, C. D.: 1965, 'Carbonate', in C. A. Black (ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties, Agronomy Monograph 9, 2nd ed., ASA, Madison, Wisconsin, pp. 1379–1396.
Borg, H. and Johansson, K.: 1989, Water, Air, and Soil Pollut. 47, 427.
Cottenie, A., Verloo, M., Kiekens, R., Velghe, G. and Camerlynck, R.: 1982, Chemical Analysis of Plants and Soils, IWONL, Brussels.
De Boodt, M., Van Den Berghe, C. and Gabriels, D.: 1979, 'Fertilizer Losses Associated with Soil Erosion', in R. Lal and D. Greenland (eds.), Soil Physical Properties and Crop Production in the Tropics, John Wiley & Sons, New York, pp. 455–464.
del Castilho, P., Chardon, W. J. and Salomons, W.: 1993, J. Environ. Qual. 22, 689.
European Community: 1986, 'Directive on the Protection of the Environment and in Particular of Soils, when Sewage Sludge is used in Agriculture', Directive 86/276/EEC, Official Journal of the European community, L181 4/7/ 1986, European Community, Brussels.
Gabriels, D., De Boodt, M. and Minjauw, W.: 1973, Mededelingen Fac. Landbouw RUG, Ghent 38, 294.
Gabriels, D. and Moldenhauer, W. C.: 1978, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 42, 954.
Gambrell, R. P.: 1994, J. Environ. Qual. 23, 883.
Gee, G.W. and Bauder, J.W.: 1986, 'Particle-Size Analysis', in A. Klute (ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 1. Physical and Mineralogical Methods. Agronomy Series 9, 2nd ed., ASA, Madison, WI, pp. 377–382.
Giusquiani, P. L. Gigliotti, G. and Businelli, D.: 1992, J. Environ. Qual. 21, 330.
Jackson, M. L.: 1965, Soil Chemical Analysis, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, New York, 5th ed.
Korentajer, L., Stern, R. and Aggasi, M.: 1993, J. Environ. Qual. 22, 639.
Leidraad Bodemsanering: 1988, VROM, 's-Gravenhage, The Netherlands.
Moore, J. N., Ficklin, W. H. and Jones, C.: 1988, Environ. Sci. Technol. 22, 432.
Norusis, M. J.: 1986, 'SPSS/PC+ User Manual', SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois.
Quek, U. and Förster, J.: 1993, Water, Air, and Soil Pollut. 68, 373.
Skogerboe, J. G., Lee, C. R. and Price, R. A.: 1986, 'Field Verification of a Laboratory Rainfall Simulator-Lysimeter System for Prediction of Heavy Metals in Surface Runoff from Contaminated Upland Dredged Material Disposal Sites', in Proc. 2nd Int. Conf. Environ. Contamination, Amsterdam, pp. 235–237.
Tack, F. M. G., Callewaert, O. W. J. J. and Verloo, M. G.: 1996, Environ. Pollut. 91, 199.
Tack, F. M., Lapauw, F. and Verloo, M. G.: 1997, Talanta 44, 2185.
Ure, M.: 1990, 'Methods for Analysis of Heavy Metals in Soils', in B. J. Alloway (ed.), Heavy Metals in Soils, Blackie and Sons, Glasgow, pp. 40–73.
US Soil Conservation Service: 1962, 'Soil Survey Manual', US Department of Agriculture, Hand Book No 18, US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
Wauchope, R. D.: 1987, J. Environ. Qual. 16, 206.
Wischmeier, W. H. and Smith, D. D.: 1979, Predicting Rainfall Erosion Losses. A Guide to Conservation Planning, Agric. Handbook #537, USDA, U.S. Governm. Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Singh, S.P., Tack, F.M.G., Gabriels, D. et al. Heavy Metal Transport from Dredged Sediment Derived Surface Soils in a Laboratory Rainfall Simulation Experiment. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 118, 73–86 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005140726372
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005140726372