Skip to main content
Log in

Cosmic-Ray Transport Coefficients

  • Published:
Space Science Reviews Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A review of cosmic-ray transport coefficients, based on historic and recent observations and theoretical insights, is presented. Particular emphasis is on the transport of cosmic rays across the magnetic field, which is of foremost importance, and is presently poorly understood and widely debated.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bieber, J. W., and Matthaeus, W. H,: 1997, 'Perpendicular diffusion and drift at intermediate cosmicray energies', Astrophys. J. 485, 655.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bieber, J. W., Matthaeus, W. H, Smith C. W., Wanner W., Kallenrode M.-B., and Wibberenz G.: 1994, 'Proton and electron mean free paths: The Palmer consensus revisited', Astrophys. J. 420, 294.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bieber, J. W., Wanner W., and Matthaeus, W. H.: 1996, 'Dominant two-dimensional solar wind turbulence with implications for cosmic ray transport', J. Geophys. Res. 101, 2511.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cummings A. C., and Stone, E. C.: 1996, 'Composition of anomalous cosmic rays and implications for the heliosphere', Space Sci. Rev. 78, 117.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dwyer, J. R., Mason, G. M., Mazur, J. E., Jokipii, J. R., von Rosenvinge, T. T., and Lepping, R. P.: 1997, 'Perpendicular transport of low energy CIR associated nuclei', Astrophys. J., in press.

  • Fisk, L. A.: 1996, 'Motion of the foot points of heliospheric magnetic field lines at the Sun: Implications for recurrent energetic particle events at high heliographic latitudes', J. Geophys. Res. 101, 15,547.

    Google Scholar 

  • Forman, M. A.: 1977, 'The velocity correlation function in cosmic-ray theory', Astrophys. Sp. Sci. 49, 83.

    Google Scholar 

  • Forman, M. A., Jokipii, J. R., and Owens, A. J.: 1974, 'Cosmic-ray streaming perpendicular to the mean magnetic field', Astrophys. J. 192, 535.

    Google Scholar 

  • Giacalone, J., and Jokipii, J. R.: 1994, 'Charged-particle motion in multidimensional magnetic-field turbulence', Astrophys. Lett. 430, L137.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gloeckler, G., Schwadron, N. A., Fisk, L. A., and Geiss, J.: 1995, 'Weak pitch angle scattering of few MV rigidity ions from measurements of anisotropies in the distribution function of interstellar H+', Geophys. Res. Lett. 22, 2665.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hassleman, K., and Wibberenz, G.: 1968, 'Scattering of charged particles by random electromagnetic fields', Z. Geophys. 34, 353.

    Google Scholar 

  • Intriligator, D. S., and Siscoe, G.: 199?, 'Cross-field diffusion in corotating interaction regions', J. Geophys. Res. 100, 21,605.

  • Jokipii, J. R.: 1966, 'Cosmic-ray propagation, 1, charged particles in a random magnetic field', Astrophys. J. 146, 480.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jokipii, J. R.: 1972, 'Fokker-Planck equations for charged-particle transport in random fields', Astrophys. J. 172, 319.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jokipii, J. R.: 1973, 'The rate of separation of magnetic lines of force in a random magnetic field', Astrophys. J. 183, 1029.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jokipii, J. R.: 1986, 'Particle acceleration at a termination shock 1. Application to the solar wind and anomalous component', J. Geophys. Res. 91, 2929.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jokipii, J. R.: 1993, 'Particle drifts for a finite scattering rate', Int. Conf. Cosmic Rays 23rd, 3, 497.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jokipii, J. R., and Parker, E. N.: 1969, 'Stochastic aspects of magnetic lines of force with application to cosmic-ray propagation', Astrophys. J. 155, 777.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jokipii, J. R., Kóta, J., and Giacalone J.: 1993, 'Perpendicular transport in 1-and 2-dimensional shock simulations', Geophys. Res. Lett. 20, 1759.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kennel, C. F., Coroniti, F. V., Scarf F. L., Livesey W. A., Russell C. T., Smith E. J., Wenzel K. P., M. Scholer M.: 1986, 'A test of Lee's quasi-linear theory of ion acceleration by interplanetary traveling shocks', J. Geophys. Res. 91, 11,917.

    Google Scholar 

  • Klimas, A. J., and Sandri, G.,: 1973,'A rigorous cosmic-ray transport equation with no restrictions on particle energy', Astrophys. J. 180, 937.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kóta, J., J. R. Jokipii: 1997, 'Modeling of 3-D corotating cosmic-ray structures in the heliosphere', Sp. Sci. Rev., in press.

  • Lee, M. A.: 1983, 'Coupled hydromagnetic wave excitation and ion acceleration at interplanetary traveling shocks', J. Geophys. Res 88, 6109.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ma Sung, L. S., and Earl, J. A.: 1978, 'Interplanetary propagation of flare-associated energetic particles, Astrophys. J. 222, 1080.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meyer, P., Parker, E. N., and Simpson, J. A.: 1956, 'Solar cosmic rays of of February, 1956, and their propagation through interplanetary space', Phys. Rev. 104, 768.

    Google Scholar 

  • Palmer, I. D.: 1982, 'Transport coefficients of low-energy cosmic rays in interplanetary space', Rev. Geophys. 20, 335.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parker, E. N.: 1958, 'Origin and dynamics of cosmic rays', Phys. Rev. 109, 1328.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parker, E. N.: 1965, 'The passage of energetic charged particles through interplanetary space', Planet. Space Sci. 13, 9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Potgieter, M. S., and le Roux, J. A.: 1992, 'The simulated features of heliospheric cosmic-ray modulation with a time-dependent drift model I, General effects of the changing neutral sheet over the period 1985-1990', Astrophys. J. 386, 336.

    Google Scholar 

  • Potgieter, M. S., le Roux, J. A., and Burger, R. A.: 1992, 'Interplanetary cosmic ray radial gradients with steady-state modulation models', J. Geophys. Res 94, 2323.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roelof, E. C.: 1968, 'Transport of cosmic rays in the interplanetary medium', Can. J. Phys. 46, 5990.

    Google Scholar 

  • Simnett, G.M., Sayle, K.A., Tappin, S.J., and Roelof, E.C.: 1995, 'Co-rotating particle enhancements out of the ecliptic plane', Space Sci. Rev. 72, 307.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, G. I.: 1922, 'Diffusion by continuous movements', Proc. London Math. Soc., Ser. 2, 20, 196.

    Google Scholar 

  • Webber, W. R., Potgieter, M.S., and Burger, R. A.: 1989, 'A comparison of predictions of a wavy neutral sheet drift model with cosmic-ray data over a whole modulation cycle: 1976-1987', Astrophys. J. 349, 634.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wibberenz, G.: 1979, 'Coronal and interplanetary propagation', Rapp. Rep. Int. Conf. Cosmic Rays, 16th, 234.

  • Zurbuchen, T. H., Schwadron, N. A., and Fisk, L. A.: 1997, 'Direct observational evidence for a heliospheric magnetic field with large excursions in latitude', J. Geophys. Res. 102, 24,175.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Giacalone, J. Cosmic-Ray Transport Coefficients. Space Science Reviews 83, 351–363 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005087326666

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005087326666

Navigation