Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Speckle Masking Imaging of Sunspots and Pores

  • Published:
Solar Physics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In recent years, speckle interferometry has been successfully applied to various solar phenomena and provides a powerful tool to study solar small-scale structures. The present investigation lays special emphasis on sunspots and sunspot pores. The observations have been performed with the Vacuum Tower Telescope (VTT) at the Observatorio del Teide (Tenerife) in the years from 1992 to 1994. Time series of high-spatial-resolution observations reveal the highly dynamical evolution of sunspot fine structures such as umbral dots, penumbral grains or the small-scale brightenings in the vicinity of sunspots observed in the wings of strong chromospheric absorption lines (moustache phenomenon). The reconstructed images show small-scale structures close to the telescopic diffraction limit of 0.16″ at 550 nm. Furthermore, the high transmission of a Fabry–Pérot interferometer (FPI) as the principal optical element of a two-dimensional spectrometer allows one to reconstruct directly images taken within a passband of 0.014 nm.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Adjabshirzadeh, A. and Koutchmy, S.: 1980, Astron. Astrophys. 89, 88.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bendlin, C. and Volkmer, R.: 1995, Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. 112, 371.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bendlin, C., Volkmer, R., and Kneer, F.: 1992, Astron. Astrophys. 257, 817.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bonet, J. A., Sobotka, A., and Vázquez, M.: 1995, Astron. Astrophys. 296, 241.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bray, R. J., Loughhead, R. E., and Durrant, C. J.: 1984, The Solar Granulation, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bruzek, A.: 1968, in K. O. Kiepenheuer (ed.), ‘Structure and Development of Solar Active Regions’, IAU Symp. 35, 293.

  • Bruzek, A.: 1972, Solar Phys. 26, 94.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bumba, V. and Suda, J.: 1980, Bull. Astron. Inst. Czech. 31, 101.

    Google Scholar 

  • Danielson, R. E.: 1961, Astrophys. J. 134, 275.

    Google Scholar 

  • de Boer, C. R.: 1993, ‘Speckle-Interferometrie und ihre Anwendung auf die Sonnenbeobachtung’, Ph.D. Thesis, Göttingen.

  • de Boer, C. R.: 1996, Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. 120, 195.

    Google Scholar 

  • de Boer, C. R. and Kneer, F.: 1992, Astron. Astrophys. 264, L24.

    Google Scholar 

  • de Boer, C. R., Kneer, F., and Nesis, A.: 1992, Astron. Astrophys. 257, L4.

    Google Scholar 

  • Denker, C.: 1996, ‘Untersuchung der Feinstruktur von Sonnenflecken mit Methoden der Speckle-Interferometrie’, Ph.D. Thesis, Göttingen.

  • Denker, C.: 1997, Astron. Astrophys. 323, 599.

    Google Scholar 

  • Denker, C., de Boer, C. R., and Kneer, F.: 1995, in K. G. Strassmeier (ed.), ‘Stellar Surface Structure’, Poster Proc. IAU Symp. 176, 51.

  • Denker, C., de Boer, C. R., Volkmer, R., and Kneer, F.: 1995, Astron. Astrophys. 296, 567.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fried, D. L.: 1966, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 56, 1372.

    Google Scholar 

  • García de la Rosa, J. I.: 1987, in E. H. Schröter et al. (eds.), The Rôle of Fine-Scale Magnetic Fields on the Structure of the Solar Atmosphere, Proc. Inaugural Workshop DES Telescope Installations Canary Islands, p. 140.

  • Gonzalez, R. C. and Wintz, P.: 1977, Digital Image Processing, Addisson-Wesley, Reading.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grossman-Doerth, U. and Schmidt, W.: 1981, Astron. Astrophys. 95, 366.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hall, E. L.: 1979, Computer Image Processing and Recognition, Academic Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harvey, J. W. and Breckinridge, J. B: 1973, Astrophys. J. 182, L137.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jahn, K. and Schmidt, H. U.: 1994, Astron. Astrophys. 290, 295.

    Google Scholar 

  • Keller, C. U. and von der Lühe, O.: 1992, Astron. Astrophys. 261, 321.

    Google Scholar 

  • Keppens, R. and Martínez Pillet, V.: 1996, Astron. Astrophys. 316, 229.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kneer, F.: 1972, Astron. Astrophys. 18, 39.

    Google Scholar 

  • Knölker, M. and Schüssler, M.: 1988, Astron. Astrophys. 202, 275.

    Google Scholar 

  • Knox, K. T. and Thompson, B. J.: 1974, Astrophys. J. 193, L45.

    Google Scholar 

  • Korff, D.: 1973, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 63, 971.

    Google Scholar 

  • Labeyrie, A.: 1970, Astron. Astrophys. 6, 85.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lohmann, A. W., Weigelt, G. P., and Wirnitzer, B.: 1983, Appl. Optics 22, 4028.

    Google Scholar 

  • Loughhead, R. E., Bray, R. J., and Tappere, E. J.: 1979, Astron. Astrophys. 79, 128.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martres, M. J. and Bruzek, A.: 1977, in A. Bruzek and C. J. Durrant (eds.), Illustrated Glossary of Solar and Solar Terrestrial Physics, D. Reidel Publ. Co., Dordrecht, Holland, p. 67.

    Google Scholar 

  • McMath, R. R., Mohler, O. C., and Dodson, H. W.: 1960, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 46, 165.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mohler, O. C. and Dodson, H. W.: 1958, Astrophys. J. 63, 309.

    Google Scholar 

  • Molowny-Horas, R.: 1994, ‘Dynamics and Structure of the Solar Chromosphere’, Ph.D. Thesis, Oslo.

  • Molowny-Horas, R. and Yi, Z.: 1994, Oslo IDL Software for Image Processing and Data Analysis, Inst. Theor. Astrophys., Internal Rep. 31, Oslo.

  • Moore, R. L.: 1981, Astrophys. J. 249, 390.

    Google Scholar 

  • Muller, R.: 1992, in J. H. Thomas and N. O. Weiss (eds.), Sunspots: Theory and Observations, NATO ASI Ser. C 375, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Holland, p. 175.

    Google Scholar 

  • November, L. J. and Simon, G. W.: 1988, Astrophys. J. 333, 427.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pehlemann, E. and von der Lühe, O.: 1989, Astron. Astrophys. 216, 333.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reinheimer, T., Hoffmann, K. H., and Weigelt, G.: 1993, Astron. Astrophys. 279, 322.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ricort, G. and Aime, C.: 1979, Astron. Astrophys. 76, 324.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shine, R. A., Title, A. M., Tarbell, T. D., Smith, K., Frank, Z. A., and Scharmer, G.: 1994, Astrophys. J. 430, 413.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schlichenmaier, R., Jahn, K., and Schmidt, H. U.: 1997, in B. Schmieder et al. (eds.), Advances in the Physics of Sunspots, ASP Conf. Ser., 118, p. 140.

  • Schüssler, M. and Schmidt, W.: 1994, Solar Magnetic Fields, Proc. Int. Conf. Freiburg, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Simon, G. W., Brandt, P. N., November, L. J., Shine, R. A., and Strous, L. H.: 1995, in J. T. Hoeksema et al. (eds.), Poster Proc. 4th SOHO Workshop Helioseismology, ESA Publications Division, Noordwijk, p. 223.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sobotka, M., Bonet, J. A., and Vázquez, M.: 1993, Astrophys. J. 415, 832.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stachnik, R. V., Nisenson, P., and Noyes, R. W.: 1983, Astron. Astrophys. 271, L37.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stachnik, R. V., Nisenson, P., Ehn, D. C., Hudgin, R. H., and Schirf, V. E.: 1977, Nature 266, 149.

    Google Scholar 

  • Steffen, M., Freytag, B., and Holweger, H.: 1994, in M. Schüssler and W. Schmidt (eds.), Solar Magnetic Fields, Proc. Int. Conf. Freiburg, Cambridge Univeristy Press, Cambridge, p. 298.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stellmacher, G. and Wiehr, E.: 1972: Astron. Astrophys. 19, 293.

    Google Scholar 

  • Strous, L. H.: 1995a, in J. T. Hoeksema et al. (eds.), Poster Proc. 4th SOHO Workshop Helioseismology, ESA Publications Division, Noordwijk, p. 213.

    Google Scholar 

  • Strous, L. H.: 1995b, in J. T. Hoeksema et al. (eds.), Poster Proc. 4th SOHO Workshop Helioseismology, ESA Publications Division, Noordwijk, p. 219.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thomas, J. H. and Weiss, N. O.: 1992, Sunspots: Theory and Observations, NATO ASI Series 375, Kluwer Academic Press, Dordrecht, Holland.

    Google Scholar 

  • von der Lühe, O.: 1984, J. Opt. Soc. Am. A1, 510.

    Google Scholar 

  • von der Lühe, O.: 1987, in E. H. Schröter et al. (eds.), The Rôle of Fine-Scale Magnetic Fields on the Structure of the Solar Atmosphere, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p. 156

    Google Scholar 

  • von der Lühe, O.: 1993, Astron. Astrophys. 268, 374.

    Google Scholar 

  • von der Lühe, O.: 1994, Astron. Astrophys. 281, 889.

    Google Scholar 

  • von der Lühe, O. and Dunn, R. B.: 1987, Astron. Astrophys. 177, 265.

    Google Scholar 

  • von der Lühe, O. and Pehlemann, E.: 1988, in F. Merkle (ed.), High-Resolution Imaging by Interferometry, ESO Conf. Workshop Proc. 29–I, p. 159.

  • Wang, H. and Zirin, H.: 1992, Solar Phys. 140, 41.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weigelt, G.: 1977, Opt. Comm. 21, 55.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weigelt, G. and Wirnitzer, B.: 1983, Opt. Lett. 8, 389.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilken, V., de Boer, C. R., Denker, C., and Kneer, F.: 1997, Astron. Astrophys., 325, 819.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, P. R.: 1981, Solar Phys. 69, 9.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Universitäts-Sternwarte, Geismarlandstr. 11, D-37083, Göttingen, Germany

    Carsten Denker

Authors
  1. Carsten Denker
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Denker, C. Speckle Masking Imaging of Sunspots and Pores. Solar Physics 180, 81–108 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005011531090

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005011531090

Keywords

Search

Navigation