Abstract
It is necessary to identify signatures of solar sources in order to improve predictions of solar-caused geomagnetic activity. This is not a straightforward task as the relationship is not well understood. We apply an algorithm, derived from numerical simulations to identify the solar source of an interplanetary event that was observed by the WIND spacecraft on October 18, 1995 and was followed by a geomagnetic storm. No specific geomagnetic activity had been predicted at Space Weather Operations (SWO) in Boulder, CO, on the basis of earlier solar observations. The algorithm is used to estimate the time and location of the expected solar source of this interplanetary event. A review of solar observations prior to the WIND observations showed that solar activity precursors could be identified. A long-duration-event was seen by GOES in soft X-rays at the same time as a type IV burst was observed in metric radio wavelengths, and a rearrangement of fields was observed by the soft X-ray telescope on the Yohkoh satellite. This suggests that the algorithm is useful for post facto identification of solar sources, and that such combinations of solar activity should be further investigated for use in geomagnetic forecasting.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Benz, A. O. and Gudel, M.: 1994, Astron. Astrophys. 285, 621.
Cane, H. V.: 1985, J. Geophys. Res. 90, 191.
Canfield, R. C., Cheng, C.-C., Dere, K. P., Dulk, G. A., McLean, D. J., Robinson, R. D., Jr., Schmahl, E. J., and Schoolman, S. A.: 1980, in P. A. Sturrock (ed.), Solar Flares, Colorado Assoc. University Press, Boulder, p. 451.
Cliver, E. W., Feynman, J., and Garrett, H. B.: 1990, J. Geophys. Res. 95, 17103.
Han, S. M., Wu, S. T., and Dryer, M.: 1988, Comput. Fluids 16, 81.
Howard, R. A., Michels, D. J., Sheeley, N. R., Jr., and Koomen, M. J.: 1982, Astrophys. J. 263, L101.
Joselyn, J. A.: 1986, in Y. Kamide and J. Slavin (eds.), Solar Wind Magnetospheric Coupling, Astrophyics and Space Science Library 126, 127.
Joselyn, J. A.: 1995, Rev. Geophys. 33, 383.
Kahler, S. and Lin, R. P.: 1994, Geophys Res. Letters 21, 1575.
Kozuka, Y., Watanabe, T., Kojima, M., Ohyama, M., Tsuneta, S., Khan, J. I., and Watari, S.: 1995, Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan 47, 377.
Lepping, R. P., Burlaga, L. F., Szabo, A., Ogilvie, K. W., Mish, W., Vassiliadis, D., Lazarus, A. J., Steinberg, J. T., Falmgia, C. J., Mariani, F., and Janoo, L.: 1996, J. Geophys. Res., submitted.
McAllistair, A. H., Dryer, M., McIntosh, P., Singer, H., and Weiss, L.: 1996, J. Geophys. Res. 101, 13497.
Manoharan, P. K., van Driel-Gesztelyi, L., Pick, M., and Démoulin, P.: 1996, Astrophys. J. Letters, in press.
Sheeley, N. R., Jr., Bohlin, J. D., Brueckner, G. E., Prucell, J. D., Scherrer, V. E., Tousey, R., Smith, J. B., Jr., Speich, D. M., Tandberg-Hanssen, E., Wilson, R. M., DeLoach, A. C., Hoover, R. B., and McGuire, J. P.: 1976, Solar Phys. 45, 377.
Sheeley, N. R., Jr., Howard, R. A., Koomen, M. J., and Michels, D. J.: 1983, Astrophys. J. 272, 349.
Sheeley, N. R., Jr., Stewart, R. T., Robinson, R. D., Howard, R. A., Koomen, M. J., and Michels, D. J.: 1984, Astrophys. J. 279, 839.
Sheeley, N. R., Jr., Howard, R. A., Koomen, M. J., Michels, D. J., Schwenn, R., Mulhauser, K. H., and Rosenbauer, H.: 1985, J. Geophys. Res. 90, 163.
Shibata, K., Masuda, S., Shimojo, M., Hara, H., Yokoyama, T., Suneta, S., Kosugi, T., and Ogawara, Y.: 1995, Astrophys. J. 451, L83.
Smith, Z. and Dryer, M.: 1990, Solar Phys. 129, 387.
Smith, Z. and Dryer, M.: 1995, NOAA Technical Memorandum ERL SEL-89, Environmental Research Laboratories, Boulder CO, U.S.A.
Smith, Z., Dryer, M., and Armstrong, M.: 1994, in V. Rušin, P. Heinzel, and J. C. Vial (eds.), 'Solar Coronal Structures', Proc. IAU Colloq. 144, 267.
Smith, Z., Odstrcil, D., Vandas, M., Fischer, S., Pelant, P., and Dryer, M.: 1996, in K. S. Balasubramanian, S. L. Keil, and R. N. Smartt (eds.), Proceedings of Sixteenth International Workshop on Solar Drivers of Interplanetary and Terrestrial Disturbances, ASP Conference Series, Vol. 95, p. 341.
Solar Geophysical Data (SGD): 1995, SESC PRF 1050.
Vandas, M., Fischer, S., Dryer, M., Smith, Z., and Detman, T.: 1995, J. Geophys. Res. 100, 12285.
Vandas, M., Fischer, S., Dryer, M., Smith, Z., and Detman, T.: 1996a, J. Geophys. Res. 101, 2505.
Vandas, M., Fischer, S., Dryer, M., Smith, Z., and Detman, T.: 1996b, J. Geophys. Res., in press.
Watari, S. and Detman, T.: 1996, Proceeding of Solar-Terrestrial Prediction Workshop, Hitachi, Japan, in press.
Watari, S., Kozuka, Y., Ohyama, M., and Watanabe, T.: 1995, J. Geomag. Geoelectr. 47, 1063.
Webb, D. F. and Hundhausen, A. J.: 1987, Solar Phys. 108, 383.
Webb, D. F., Cheng, C.-C., Dulk, G. A., Edberg, S. J., Martin, S. F., McKenna-Lawlor, S., and McLean, D. J.: 1980, in P. A. Sturrock (ed.), Solar Flares, Colorado Assoc. University Press, Boulder, p. 451.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
SMITH, Z., WATARI, S., DRYER, M. et al. IDENTIFICATION OF THE SOLAR SOURCE FOR THE 18 OCTOBER 1995 MAGNETIC CLOUD. Solar Physics 171, 177–190 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004998824082
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004998824082