Abstract
The Electron Drift Instrument (EDI) measures the drift of a weak beam of test electrons that, when emitted in certain directions, return to the spacecraft after one or more gyrations. This drift is related to the electric field and the gradient in the magnetic field, and these quantities can, by use of different electron energies, be determined separately. As a by-product, the magnetic field strength is also measured. The present paper describes the scientific objectives, the experimental method, and the technical realization of the various elements of the instrument.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aggson, T. L. and Heppner, J. P.: 1977, ‘Observations of Large Transient Magnetospheric Electric Fields’, J. Geophys. Res. 82, 5155.
Baumjohann, W. and Haerendel, G.: 1985, ‘Magnetospheric Convection Observed Between 06:00 and 21:00 LT: Solar Wind and IMF Dependence’, J. Geophys. Res. 90, 6370.
Baumjohann, W., Haerendel, G., and Melzner, F.: 1985, ‘Magnetospheric convection observed between 06:00 and 21:00 LT: Variations with Kp’, J. Geophys. Res. 90, 393.
Baumjohann, W., Sckopke, N., LaBelle, J. K., Klecker, B., Lühr, H., and Glassmeier, K. H.: 1987,’ Plasma and Field Observations of a Compressional Pc 5 Wave Event’, J. Geophys. Res. 92, 12203.
Cowley, S. W. H.: 1978, ‘A Note on the Motion of Charged Particles in One Dimensional Magnetic Current Sheets’, Planetary Space Sci. 26, 539.
DeForest, S. E. and McIlwain, C. E.: 1971, ‘Plasma Clouds in the Magnetosphere’, J. Geophys. Res. 76, 3587.
Escoubet, P., Schmidt, R., and Goldstein, M. L.: 1996, ‘Cluster: Science and Mission Overview’, Space Sci. Rev., this issue.
Hones, E. W., Jr.: 1979, ‘Transient Phenomena in the Magnetotail and Their Relation to Substorms’, Space Sci. Rev. 23, 393.
McIlwain, C. E.: 1972, in B. M. McCormac (ed.), Earth's Magnetospheric Processes, D. Reidel Publ. Co., Dordrecht, Holland, p. 268.
McIlwain, C. E.: 1981, in S.-I. Akasofu and J. R. Kan (eds.), Physics of Auroral Arc Formation, AGU, Washington, p. 173.
Melzner, F., Metzner, G., and Antrack, D.: 1978, ‘The GEOS Electron Beam Experiment’, Space Sci. Rev. 4, 45.
Paschmann, G., Melzner, M., Haerendel, G., Bauer, O. H., Baumjohann, W., Sckopke, N., Treumann, R., McIlwain, C. E., Fillius, W., Whipple, E. C., Torbert, R. B., and Quinn, J. M.: 1993, in W. R. Burke (ed.), Cluster: Mission, Payload and Supporting Activities, ESA SP-1159, p. 115.
Pedersen, A., Grard, R., Knott, K., Jones, D., Gonfalone, A., and Fahleson, U.: 1978, ‘Measurements of Quasi-Static Electric Fields Between 3 and 7 RE on GEOS-1’, J. Geophys. Res. 22, 333.
Pedersen, A., Cattell, C. A., Fälthammar, C.-G., Formisano, V., Lindqvist, P.-A., Manka, R. H., Mozer, F. S., and Torbert, R.: 1984, ‘Quasistatic Electric Field Measurements with Spherical Double Probes on the GEOS and ISEE Satellites’, Space Sci. Rev. 37, 269.
Riedler, W., Torkar, K., Rüdenauer, F. et al.: 1996, ‘Active Spacecraft Potential Control’, Space Sci. Rev., this issue.
Sheldon, R. B. and Gaffey Jr., J. D.: 1993, ‘Particle Tracing in the Magnetosphere: New Algorithms and Results’, Geophys. Res. Letters 20, 767.
Sheldon, R. B. and Hamilton, D. C.: 1994, ‘Ion Transport and Loss in the Earth's Quiet Ring Current: 2. Diffusion and Magnetosphere Ionosphere Coupling’, J. Geophys. Res. 99, 5705.
Tsuruda, K., Hayakawa, H., and Nakamura, M.: 1985, in A. Nishida (ed.), Science Objectives of the Geotail Mission, ISAS, Tokyo, p. 234.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Paschmann, G., Melzner, F., Frenzel, R. et al. THE ELECTRON DRIFT INSTRUMENT FOR CLUSTER. Space Science Reviews 79, 233–269 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004917512774
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004917512774