Abstract
The sintering behaviour of a number of commercially produced 8 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia powders has been studied. The effect of different sintering regimes on the density and microstructure of the sintered ceramic was determined using density measurements, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and dilatometry. The chemical homogeneity, particle size and the morphology of the as-received powder were related to the sintering behaviour of the different commercial powders. Powders prepared via a route which involved a spray-drying step sintered more readily than those prepared without a spray-drying step. Plasma-derived powders did not sinter to as high an apparent density as co-precipitated powders. The effect of sample density on the ionic conductivity of sintered YSZ ceramics was studied using a.c. impedance spectroscopy. This technique allowed separation of the bulk and grain-boundary components, enabling clear intepretation of the effects of sample porosity of the conduction pathways. Ceramics prepared from the three different powders achieved a bulk ionic conductivity of ∼16 S cm-1 at 1000 °C for sintered densities of 95% or greater. The results obtained are compared to values reported for a variety of other commercial powders. © 1998 Kluwer Academic Publishers
Similar content being viewed by others
References
J. H. Hirschenhofer, IEEE Aerospace Electron Systems Mag. 12 (1997) 23.
R. J. Brook, in “Advances in Ceramics”, Vol. 3, edited by A. H. Heuer and L. W. Hobbs (The American Ceramic Society, Columbus, OH, 1981) p. 272.
T. Okubo and H. Nagamoto, J. Mater. Sci. 30 (1995) 749.
M. Kleitz, H. Bernard, E. Fernandez and E. Schouler, in “Advances in Ceramics”, Vol. 3, edited by A. H. Heuer and L. W. Hobbs (The American Ceramic Society, Columbus, OH, 1981) p. 310.
E. J. L. Schouler, N. Mesbahi and G. Vitter, Solid State Ionics 9/10 (1983) 989.
S. P. S. Badwal and J. Drennan, J. Mater. Sci. 22 (1987) 3231.
L. Dessemond, J. Guindet, A. Hammou and M. Kleitz, in “Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on SOFC'”, edited by F. Grosz, P. Zegers, S. C. Singhal and O. Yamamoto (Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Brussels, Belgium, 1991) 409
G. P. Dransfield, K. A. Fothergill and T. A. Egerton, in “Euro-ceramics”, Vol. 1, edited by G. de With, R. Terpstia and R. Metselaar (Elsevier, London, 1989) p. 275.
PDF Card no. 30-1468, ICDD, Newton Square, A, USA (1980).
M. I. Mendelson, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 52 (1969) 443.
J. T. S. Irvine, D. C. Sinclair and A. R. West, Adv. Mater. 2(3) (1990) 132.
K. Masters, Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull. 73(1) (1994) 63.
G. S. A. M. Theunissen, PhD thesis, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands, (1991).
A. Samdi, B. Durand, M. Roubin, A. Daoudi, M. Taha, J. Paletto and G. Fantozzi, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 12 (1993) 353.
M. A. C. G. van de Graaf, J. H. Ter maat and A. J. Burggraaf, J. Mater. Sci. 20 (1985) 1407.
A. Roosen, Adv. Ceram. Mater. 3(2) (1988) 131.
D. E. Niesz, R. B. Bennet and M. Snyhder, Am Ceram. Soc. Bull. 51 (1972) 677.
J. L. Shi, Z. X. Lin, W. J. Qian and T. S. Yen, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 13 (1994) 265.
W. S. Young and I. B. Cutler, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 53 (1970) 659.
S. Lawson, PhD thesis, University of Sunderland (1993).
G. S. A. M. Theunissen, A. J. A. Winnubst and A. J. Burggraaf, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 11 (1993) 315.
T. K. Gupta, Sci. Sint. 10 (1979) 205.
D. D. Upadhyaya, T. R. G. Kutty and C. Ganguly, in “Science and Technology of Zirconia V” edited by S. P. S. Badwal, M. J. Bannister and R. H. J. Hannink (Technomic, Lancaster, PA, USA, 1993) p. 310.
I. R. Gibson, E. E. Lachowski, J. T. S. Irvine and G. P. Dransfield, Solid State Ionics 72 (1994) 265.
I. R. Gibson, G. P. Dransfield and J. T. S. Irvine, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 18 (1998) 661.
J. A. Kilner and B. C. H. Steels, in “Non-stoichiometric Oxides”, edited by O. T. Sørensen (Academic Pres, New York 1981) p. 233.
M. V. Inozemtsev, M. V. Perfil'ev and A. S. Lipilin, Elektrokhimiya 10 (1974) 147.
M. J. Verkerk, B. J. Middelhuis and A. J. Burggraaf, Solid State Ionics 6 (1982) 159.
H. Bernard, PhD thesis, Grenoble, France (1980).
M. Kleitz, C. Pescher and L. Dessemond, in “Science and Technology of Zirconia V, edited by S. P. S. Badwal, M. J. Bannister and R. H. J. Hannink (Technomic, Lancaster, PA, USA, 1993) p. 593.
B. Boukamp, Equivalent Circuit Ver 3.99, University of Twente, The Netherlands (1992).
R. Maenner, E. Ivers-tiffÉe, W. Wersing and W. Kleinlein, in “Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on SOFC'”, edited by F. Grosz, P. Zegers, S. C. Singhal and O. Yamamoto (Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Brussels, Belgium, 1991) 409
F. T. Ciacchi, K. M. Crane and S. P. S. Badwal, Solid State Ionics 73 (1994) 49.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Gibson, I.R., Dransfield, G.P. & Irvine, J.T.S. Sinterability of commercial 8 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia powders and the effect of sintered density on the ionic conductivity. Journal of Materials Science 33, 4297–4305 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004435504482
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004435504482