Abstract
The efficacy of glyphosate and glufosinate applied with two sprayers, a motorised knapsack mistblower and a hydraulic sprayer, were evaluated for the control of common reed. Phragmites australis had been cut in the beginning of September 1994, 30 d before autumn application. The study sites were cleared of vegetation to within 10 cm of the surface using an hydraulic escavator equipped with a mowing bucket, in one operation it cuts and removes the weed. Herbicides were sprayed in October 1994 and April 1995 at different spray volumes and at different rates. Glyphosate rates were 0.81, 1.62, 3.24, 4.68 and 6.48 kg a.i./ha applied with a mistblower at spray volumes of 300; 800; 1100 l/ha and with a sprayer at 800; 1600 l/ha. Glufosinate rates were 0.3, 0.6, 1.2, 1.38, 1.8 and 2.4 kg a.i./ha applied with a mistblower at spray volumes of 800 l/ha and with a sprayer at 800; 1100 and 1600 l/ha. Glyphosate provided control over 2-3 yr for dense P. australis infestations in drainage channels when applied up to 1.62 kg/ha, independently of the type of sprayer, times of treatment or spray volume. Glufosinate produced rapid phytotoxicity in aerial parts; however the autumn treatment was more efficacious than the spring one. Regrowth, during 1995, was high and 1 yr after the first application the efficacy had become very low.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Arsenovic, M., 1986. Control of aquatic weeds with herbicides in drainage system “DUNAV - TISA-DUNAV” in Yugoslavia. Proc. EWRS/AAB 7th Int. Symp. on Aquatic Weeds: 31–35.
Arsenovic, M. & B. Konstantinovic, 1990. Aquatic weed control with herbicides in drainage system in Yugoslavia. Proc. EWRS 8th Int. Symp. on Aquatic Weeds: 13–17.
Barrett, P. R. F., 1985. Efficacy of glyphosate in the control of aquatic weeds. In Grossbard, E. & D. Atkinson, 1985. The Herbicide Glyphosate. Butterwords, London: 365–374.
Buhler, D. D. & O. C. Burnside, 1983. Effect of water quality, carrier volume and acid on glyphosate phytotoxicity. Weed Sci. 31: 163–169.
Buttler, A., 1992. Permanent plot research in wet meadows and cutting experiment. Vegetatio 103: 113–114.
Caffrey, J. M., 1996. Glyphosate in fisheries management. Hydrobiologia 340: 259–263.
Costa, V. J., 1981. New methods of applying Roundup by wiping. XIII Jornadas de Estudio de la Asociacion Interprofesional para el Desarrollo Agrario: 6 pp.
Evans, D. M., 1978. Aquatic weed control with the isopropylamine salt of N-phosphonomethyl glycine. Proc. EWRS 5th Symp. on Aquatic Weeds: 171–178.
Evans, D. M., 1982. Phragmites control with glyphosate through selective equipment. Proc. EWRS 6th Symp. on Aquatic Weeds: 209–211.
Fernandes, E. & I. Moreira, (1985). Ensaios de luta química para o controlo de infestantes aquáticas. Cited in Moreira, I., T. Ferreira & A. Monteiro, 1989. Aquatic weed bioecology and control in Portugal - A review. In Resultados dos Projectos de Investigação Agrária. Portuguese-German Co-operation in Applied Agricultural Research 1982–1989. Vila Real: 71–106.
Fernandes, J. D., A. R. Guerreiro, T. Vasconcelos & J. M. Moreira, 1978. Essais de lutte contre les plantes aquatiques au Portugal. Proc. 5th EWRS Symp. on Aquatic Weeds: 189–194.
Fernandes, J. D., T. Vasconcelos & J. M. Martins, 1980. Luta química contra o caniço (Phragmites australis (Cav.) Steudel). I Congresso Português de Fitiatria e Fitofarmacologia 4: 173–180.
Jambrino, J. I. D. & F. J. Fernández-Anero, 1997. Resultados en la recuperación de la biodiversidade en el Racó de l'Olla (l'Albufera de Valéncia) tras la aplicación selectiva de um herbicida de baja peligrosidad. Bol. San. Veg. Plagas 23: 17–37.
Jordan, T. N., 1981. Effect of diluent volumes and surfactants on the phytotoxicity of glyphosate to bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon). Weed Sci. 29: 79–83.
Kay, S. H., 1995. Efficacy of wipe-on applications of glyphosate and imazapir on common reed in aquatic sites. J. aquat. Pl. Mgmt 33: 25–26.
Kliemand, G., 1974. Proposals for the control of persistent aquatic weeds based on the results of trials. Proc. 4th EWRC Int. Symp. on Aquatic Weeds: 20–27.
Monteiro, A., I. Moreira & E. Sousa, 1999. Effect of prior common reed (Phragmites australis) cutting on herbicide efficacy. Hydrobiologia 415 (Dev. Hydrobiol. 147): 305–308.
Nir, A., 1976. Control of perennial weeds in drainage ditches. Phytoparasitica 4: 157.
Sale, P. J. M. & R. G. Wetzel, 1983. Growth and metabolism of Typha in relation to cutting treatments. Aquat. Bot. 15: 321–334.
Sandberg, C. L., W. F. Meggit & D. Penner, 1978. Effect of diluent volume and calcium on glyphosate phytotoxicity. Weed Sci. 26: 476–479.
Seddon, J. C., 1981. The control of aquatic weeds with the isopropylamine salt of N-phosphonomethyl glycine. Proc. Aquatic Weeds and their control: 141–148.
Stahlman, P.W. & W. M. Phillips, 1979. Effect of water quality and spray volume on glyphosate phytotoxicity. Weed Sci. 27: 38–41.
Stankovic, A., M. Arsenovic, M. Dimitrijevic & B. Konstantinovic, 1982. A study of the possibility of the elimination of emerged vegetation in irrigation systems by new herbicides. Proc. 6th EWRS Symp. on Aquatic Weeds: 185–192.
Van Rensburg, E., 1996. Reed eradication under transmission powerlines in South Africa using microlight aircraft. Proc. 2nd Int. Weed Control Cong.: 1095–1101.
Van Thai K., V. V. Vandiver, Jr. & R. D. Connant, 1986. Effect of herbicide rate and carrier volume on glyphosate phytotoxicity. J. aquat. Plant mgmt 24: 66–69.
Wilson, D. B., 1977. Cumbungi control: a field data. Tasmanian J. Agric. 48: 89–33.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Moreira, I., Monteiro, A. & Sousa, E. Chemical control of common reed ( Phragmites australis )by foliar herbicides under different spray conditions . Hydrobiologia 415, 299–304 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1003832611162
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1003832611162