Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Genetic effects of embryo and endosperm for four malting quality traits of barley

  • Published:
Euphytica Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Seed of seven cultivars of two-rowed barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.) and F2 seed from a half-diallel set of crosses among the cultivars were malted in two years to obtain data on diastatic power (DP), alpha-amylase activity (αAA), beta- amylase activity (βAA) and malt nitrogen (N) content. Embryo and endosperm genetic effects on the traits were studied by using a genetic model including genotype × environment interaction for malting quality characters. Variation of the four malting quality traits was affected by gentic effects and environmental interaction. Performance of DP and βAA was mainly controlled not only by endosperm dominance effects but also by embryo genotype × environment interaction and endosperm dominance × environment interaction. Variation of αAA and malt N content was controlled by both embryo and endosperm genetic effects, but the embryo dominance and endosperm additive effects contributed a major part to the total genetic effects. Significant interaction variances (embryo additive × environment and dominance × environment and endosperm dominance × environment) were also observed for αAA and malt N content. Diastatic power was related positively to βAA. Malt N content was associated positively with DP, largely because of the relationship between malt N and βAA. No obvious phenotype association between DP and αAA was found. General narrow-sense heritabilities of αAA and malt N content were 26.1% and 27.8%, respectively.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Arends, A.M., G.P. Fox, R.J. Henry, R.J. Marschle & M.H. Symons, 1995. Genetic and environmental variation in the diastatic power of Australian barley. J Cereal Sci 21: 63–70.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Baker, R.J., V.M. Bendelow & K.W. Buchccnnom, 1968. Early generation inheritance of malting quality characters in a barley cross. Crop Sci 8: 446–448.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bogyo, T.P., R.C.M. Lance, P. Chevalier & R.A. Nilan, 1988. Genetic models for quantitatively inherited endosperm characteris. Heredity 60: 61–67.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cook, A.H., 1962. Barley and Malt Biology, Biochemistry, and Technology. Academic Press, New York, pp. 303–427.

    Google Scholar 

  • Day, A.D., E.E. Down & K.J. Prey, 1955. Association between diastatic power and certain visible characteristics and heritability of diastatic power in barley. Agron J 47: 163–165.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Den Hartog, G.T. & J.W. Lambert, 1953. The relationship between certain agronomic and malting characteristics of barley. Agron J 45: 208–212.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Enari, T.M. & M. Linko, 1969. Significance of barley and malt amylases. Ann Agric Fenn 8: 149–156.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Foolad, M.R. & R.A. Jones, 1992. Models to estimate maternally controlled genetic variation in quantitative seed characters. Theor Appl Genet 83: 360–366.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Foster, A.E., G.A. Peterson & O.J. Banasik, 1967. Heritability of factors affecting malting quality of barley. Crop Sci 7: 611–613.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Greenberg, D.C., 1977. A diallel cross analysis of gum content in barley (Hordeum vulgare). Theor Appl Genet 50: 41–46.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Guan, D.Y., 1985. Manual of Beer Industry. Light Industrial Press, Beijing, pp. 120–198 (in Chinese).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hayter, A.M. & M.J. Allison, 1975. Breeding for high diastatic power. In: Proc 3rd Int Barley Genet Symp. pp. 612–619.

  • Hayter, A.M. & T.J. Riggs, 1973. Environmental and varietal differences in diastatic power and four associated characteristics of spring barley. J Agric Sci (Camb) 80: 297–302.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hayter, A.M. & T.J. Riggs, 1978. The inheritance of diastatic power and alpha-amylase contents in spring barley. Theor Appl Genet 50: 41–46.

    Google Scholar 

  • His, C.H. & J.W. Lambert, 1954. Inter-and intra-annual relationships of some agronomic and malting quality characters of barley. Agron J 46: 470–474.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kaeppler, H.F. & D.C. Rasmusson, 1991. Heritability, heterosis and maternal effects of alpha-amylase activity in barley. Crop Sci 31: 1452–1455.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kneen, E. & K.L. Hads, 1945. Effects of variety and environment on the amylase of germinated wheat and barley. Cereal Chemist 22: 407–418.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Laberge, D.E. & W.O. Meredith, 1971. The α-amylase enzymes of barley and malt. I. Purification of the malt enzymes. J Inst Brew 77: 435–442.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee, D.M., N. Albertsen & D.C. Rasmusson, 1987. Cytoplasmic effects on agronomic and malting quality traits in barley. Crop Sci 27: 669–673.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lin, Y.K. & Z.L. Yu, 1991. Hybrid vigor of β-amylase and correlated studies in barley. J Hangzhou Univ (Natural Science) 18(2): 203–210 (in Chinese).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • MacGregor, A.W., A.G. Gordon, W.O.S. Meredith & L. Lacroix, 1972. Site of alpha-amylase in developing barley kernels. J Inst Brew 78: 174–179.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mo, H.D., 1988. Genetic expression of endosperm traits. In: B.S. Weir et al. (Eds), Proc 2nd Int Conf Quant Genet, pp. 478–487. Sinauer Assoc, Boston Mass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rasmusson, D.C. & R.L. Glass, 1967. Estimates of genetic and environmental variability in barley. Crop Sci 7: 185–188.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rasmusson, D.C. & R.L. Glass, 1965. Effectiveness of early generation selection for four quality characters in barley. Crop Sci 5: 389–391.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rao, C.R., 1971. Estimation of variance and covariance components: MINQUE theory. J Multivariate Analysis 1: 257–275.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rutger, J.N., C.W. Schaller & A.D. Dickson, 1967. Variation and covariation in agronomic and malting quality characteristics in barley. II. Interrelationships of characters. Crop Sci 7: 325–326.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rutger, J.N., C.W. Schaller, A.D. Dickson & J.C. Williams, 1966. Variation and covariation in agronomic and malting quality characters in barley. I. Heritability estimates. Crop Sci 6: 231–234.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xu, A.B., M.Y. Zhu, M.B. Yuan, C.N. Huang & J.J. Yu, 1991. The analysis of heterosis and correlation for four malt qualities in barley (Hordeum vaulgar, L.). J. Hangzhou Univ (Natural Science) 18(3): 336–341 (in Chinese).

    Google Scholar 

  • Xu, S.Y., X.F. Yan, Z.R. Xu & J. Zhu, 1996. Genetic analysis of nonessential amino acid contents in two-rowed barley. J Zhejiang Agric Univ 22(6): 567–573 (in Chinese).

    Google Scholar 

  • Yan, X.F., S.Y. Xu, J. Zhu & X.Y. Xu, 1998. A genetic model and analytic methods for malt quality traits (in Chinese), Chinese J Biomath 13(4): 531–536 (in Chinese).

    Google Scholar 

  • Yan, X.F., S.Y. Xu, W.F. Li & J. Zhu, 1997. Analysis of seed and maternal genetic effects for contents of seven essential amino acids in two-rowed barley. Scientia Agriculturae Sinica 30(2): 34–41 (in Chinese).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhu, J., 1992. Mixed model approaches for estimating variances and covariances. Chin J Biomath 7(1): 1–11.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhu, J., 1997. Analysis Methods for Genetic Models. China Agriculture Press, Beijing (in Chinese).

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhu, J. & B.S. Weir, 1994a. Analysis of cytoplasmic and maternal effects. I. A genetic model for diploid plant seeds and animals. Theor Appl Genet 89: 153–159.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhu, J. & B.S. Weir, 1994b. Analysis of cytoplasmic and maternal effects. II. Genetic models for triploid endosperm. Theor Appl Genet 89: 160–166.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhu, J. & B.S. Weir, 1996. Diallel analysis for sex-linked and maternal effects. Theor Appl Genet 92: 1–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhu, J. & F.H. Xu, 1994. A genetic model and analysis method for endosperm traits. Acta Agronomica Sinia 20(2): 246–270 (in Chinese).

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhu, M.Y., M.B. Yuan, A.B. Xu, C.N. Huang, Z.L. Xy, X.M. Hu & G.J. Yu, 1991. Genetic analysis of high diastatic power in barley (Hordeum vaulgar, L.). J Hangzhou Univ (Natural Science) 18(1): 67–71 (in Chinese).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agronomy, Zhejiang Agricultural University, Hangzhou, 310029, P.R, China

    Xinfu Yan, Jun Zhu, Shaoying Xu & Yonghan Xu

Authors
  1. Xinfu Yan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jun Zhu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Shaoying Xu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Yonghan Xu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Yan, X., Zhu, J., Xu, S. et al. Genetic effects of embryo and endosperm for four malting quality traits of barley. Euphytica 106, 27–34 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1003423708901

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1003423708901

Search

Navigation