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Structural and Functional Insights of Wilson Disease Copper-Transporting ATPase

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Abstract

Wilson disease is an autosomal recessive disorder of copper metabolism. The gene for this disorder has been cloned and identified to encode a copper-transporting ATPase (ATP7B), a member of a large family of cation transporters, the P-type ATPases. In addition to the core elements common to all P-type ATPases, the Wilson copper-transporting ATPase has a large cytoplasmic N-terminus comprised six heavy metal associated (HMA) domains, each of which contains the copper-binding sequence motif GMT/HCXXC. Extensive studies addressing the functional, regulatory, and structural aspects of heavy metal transport by heavy metal transporters in general, have offered great insights into copper transport by Wilson copper-transporting ATPase. The findings from these studies have been used together with homology modeling of the Wilson disease copper-transporting ATPases based on the X-ray structure of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) calcium-ATPase, to present a hypothetical model of the mechanism of copper transport by copper-transporting ATPases.

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  1. Department of Structural Biology and Biochemistry Research, The Hospital for Sick, Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

    Negah Fatemi & Bibudhendra Sarkar

  2. Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

    Negah Fatemi & Bibudhendra Sarkar

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  1. Negah Fatemi
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Correspondence to Bibudhendra Sarkar.

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Fatemi, N., Sarkar, B. Structural and Functional Insights of Wilson Disease Copper-Transporting ATPase. J Bioenerg Biomembr 34, 339–349 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021245902195

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