Abstract
The effects of several hydroxyketones such as acetol, actoin, γ-ketobutanol themselves and their combinations with monoethanolamine (MEA) or ethylenediamine (ED) on the stabilization of titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) in isopropanol solution are examined. Acetoin itself and the imine derivatives of acetol and acetoin were found to show extraordinarily strong stabilizing effect for the alkoxide. The properties including the crystal modifications and refractive index of TiO2 films that were dip-coated using each stabilized solution are examined and discussed in comparison with those of the films obtained from the diethanolamine (DEA) systems. The effect of UV-light irradiation to the gel films on the crystallization of TiO2 is also examined and discussed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
C.J. Brinker and G.W. Scherer, Sol-Gel Science: The Physics and Chemistry of Sol-Gel Processing (Academic Press, San Diego, 1990).
S. Sakka, Zorugeru-Hou-No-Kagaku (Agune-Shofu-Sha, Tokyo, 1988).
A. Kawakatsu, A. Ishizaki, Y. Yuge, T. Watanabe, and N. Saitoh, Shohmei-Gakkai-Shi 69, 537 (1985).
J. Livage, M. Henry, and C. Sanchez, Prog. Solid State Chem. 4, 259 (1988).
J. Livage, M. Henry, J.P. Jolivet, and C. Sanchez, MRS Bullettin, 25 (January 1990).
C. Sanchez, M. In, P. Toledano, and P. Griesmar, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 271, 669 (1992).
L. Delattre and F. Babonneau, Chem. Mater. 9, 2385 (1997).
N. Tohge, K. Shinmou, and T. Minami, J. Sol-Gel Sci. Tech. 2, 581 (1994).
M.J. Percy, J.R. Bartlett, J.L. Woolfrey, L. Spiccia, and B.O. West, J. Mater. Chem. 9, 499 (1999).
G. Guizard, N. Cygankiewicz, A. Larbot, and L. Cot, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 82, 86 (1986).
Y. Takahashi, K. Niwa, K. Kobayashi, and M. Matsuki, Yogyo-Kyokai-Shi 95, 942 (1987).
T. Nishide and F. Mizukami, J. Ceram. Soc. Jpn. 100, 1122 (1992).
Y. Takahashi, Kagaku-Kogyo 39, 482 (1988).
Y. Takahashi, Zorugeru-Hono-Kisoto-Kothingu-Gijutu (Gijutu-Jyoho-Kyokai, Tokyo, 1992), p 93.
Y. Takahashi, H. Hayashi, and Y. Ohya, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 271, 401 (1992).
Y. Takahashi and Y. Wada, J. Electrochem. Soc. 137, 267 (1990).
Y. Takahashi and Y. Matsuoka, J. Mater. Sci. 23, 2259 (1988).
Y. Takahashi and M. Matsuoka, Yoyuen 31, 158 (1988).
U. Ulagaraj, A. Prasadarao, and S. Komarneni, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 75, 1167 (1992).
Y. Takahashi and H. Naganawa, Yogyo-Kyokai-Shi 95, 1107 (1987).
T. Suzuki, M. Matsuki, Y. Matsuda, K. Kobayashi, and Y. Takahashi, J. Ceram. Soc. Jpn. 98, 754 (1990).
Y. Ohya, Y. Ogawa, R. Ito, J. Oguri, T. Ban, S. Demachi, and Y. Takahashi, Trans. Mater. Res. Soc. Jpn. 20, 632 (1996).
Y. Ohya, H. Saiki, and Y. Takahashi, J. Mater. Sci. 29, 4099 (1994).
Y. Takahashi, S. Okada, R. Bel Hadj Tahar, K. Nakano, T. Ban, and Y. Ohya, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 218, 129 (1997).
Y. Takahashi and K. Yamaguchi, J. Mater. Sci. 25, 3950 (1990).
V.W. Hieber and E. Levy, Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 219, 225 (1934).
D.C. Bradley, R.C. Mehrotra, and G.P. Gaur, Metal Alkoxides (Academic Press, New York, 1978).
W.M.P.B. Menge and J.G. Verkade, Inorg. Chem. 30, 4628 (1991).
F. Basolo and R.G. Pearson, Mechanisms of Inorganic Reactions (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1958).
T. Yoko, K. Kamiya, and S. Sakka, J. Ceram. Soc. Jpn. 95, 150 (1987).
K. Kikuta and S. Hirano, Abstracts of 35th Symposium on the Basic Science of Ceramics (Ceramic Society of Japan, 1997, p. 74.
H.A. Flaschka and A.G. Bernard, Jr., Chelates in Analytical Chemistry (Marcel Dekker Pub., New York, 1967).
K.J.D. MacKenzie, Trans. J. Brit. Ceram. Soc. 74, 121 (1975).
R.D. Shannon and J.A. Pask, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 48, 391 (1965).
Y. Takahashi, Y. Matsuoka, K. Yamaguchi, M. Matsui, and K. Kobayashi, J. Mater. Sci. 25, 3960 (1990).
R. Bel Hadj Tahar, T. Ban, Y. Ohya, and Y. Takahashi, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. submitted.
D. Sutton, Electronic Spectra of Transition Metal Complexes (McGraw-Hill, London, 1968).
J. Klaas, G. Schultz-Ekloff, and N. I. Jaeger, J. Phys. Chem. B 101, 1305 (1997).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Takahashi, Y., Ohsugi, A., Arafuka, T. et al. Development of New Modifiers for Titanium Alkoxide-Based Sol-Gel Process. Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology 17, 227–238 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008716122654
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008716122654