Abstract
We describe here a DIAL lidar system for atmospheric ozone measurements atAberystwyth, Wales, together witha method for deriving a stratospheric ozone profile from a single laserwavelength. Lidar measurements are used todepict the passage of three mesoscale ozone disturbances in the troposphereand stratosphere. In the troposphere, twosmall fold-like structures are shown beneath and at the edge of streamers ofhigh potential vorticity in ECMWFanalyses. MST radar measurements at the same time show that one of these foldswas actively turbulent, causingmixing of stratospheric and tropospheric air. In the stratosphere, a streamerof low-latitude air drawn into a filamentby a breaking Rossby wave event was observed crossing the lidar site.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ancellet, G., Pelon, J., Beekmann, M., Papayannis, A., and Megie, G., 1991: Ground-based lidar studies of ozone exchanges between the stratosphere and the troposphere, J. Geophys. Res. 96, 22401-22421.
Appenzeller, C. and Davies, H. C., 1992: Structure of stratospheric intrusions into the troposphere, Nature 358, 570-572.
Appenzeller, C., Davies, H. C., Norton, W. A., 1996: Fragmentation of stratospheric intrusions, J. Geophys. Res. 101, 1435-1456.
Beekmann, M., Ancellet, G., and Megie, G., 1994: Climatology of tropospheric ozone in Southern Europe and its relation to potential vorticity, J. Geophys. Res. 99, 12841-12853.
Cho, J. Y. N., Newell, R. E., Bui, T. P., Browell, E. V., Fenn, M. A., Mahoney, M. J., Gregory, G. L., Sachse, G.W., Vay, S. A., Kucsera, T. L., and Thompson, A. R., 1999: Observations of convective and dynamical instabilities in tropopause folds and their contribution to stratosphere-troposphere exchange, J. Geophys. Res. 104, 21549-21568.
Danielsen, E. F., 1968: Stratospheric-tropospheric exchange based on radioactivity, ozone and potential vorticity, J. Atmos. Sci. 25, 502-518.
Danielsen, E. F., Hipskind, R. S., Gaines, S. E., Sachse, G. W., Gregory, G. L., and Hill, G. F., 1987: Three-dimensional analysis of potential vorticity associated with tropopause folds and observed variations of ozone and carbon monoxide, J. Geophys. Res. 92, 2103-2111.
Eisele, H., Scheel, H. E., Sladovic, R., and Trickl, T., 1999: High-resolution lidar measurements of stratosphere-troposphere exchange, J. Atmos. Sci. 56, 319-330.
Gouget, H., Cammas, J.-P., Marenco, A., Rosset, R., and Jonquieres, I., 1996: Ozone peaks associated with a subtropical tropopause fold and with the trade wind inversion: A case study from the airborne campaign TROPOZ II over the Caribbean in winter, J. Geophys. Res. 101, 25979-25993.
Jäger, H. and Hofmann, D., 1991: Midlatitude lidar backscatter to mass, area and extinction conversion based on in situ aerosol measurements from 1980 to 1987, Appl. Optics 30, 127-138.
Langford, A. O. and Reid, S. J., 1998: Dissipation and mixing of a small-scale stratospheric intrusion in the upper troposphere, J. Geophys. Res. 103, 31265-31276.
Measures, R. M., 1992: Laser Remote Sensing, Krieger Publishing Company.
Newman P. A., Lait, L. R., Schoeberl, M. R., Seablom, M., Coy, L., Rood, R., Swinbank, R., Proffitt, M. H., Loewenstein, M., Podolske, J. R., Elkins, J. W., Webster, C. R., May, R. D., Fahey, D. W., Dutton, G. S., and Chan, K. R., 1996: Measurements of polar vortex air in the midlatitudes, J. Geophys. Res. 101, 12879-12891.
O'Connor, F. M., Vaughan, G., and De Backer, H., 1999: Observations of sub-tropical air in the mid-latitude lower stratosphere, Quart. J. Roy. Met. Soc. 125, 2965-2986.
Papayannis, A., Ancellet, G., Pelon, J., and Mégie, G., 1990: Multiwavelength lidar for ozone measurements in the troposphere and lower stratosphere, Appl. Optics 29, 467-476.
Papayannis, A. D., Porteneuve, J., Balis, D., Zerefos, C., and Galani, E., 1999: Design of a new DIAL system for tropospheric and lower stratospheric ozone monitoring in northern Greece, Phys. Chem. Earth C24, 439-442.
Pepler, S. J., Vaughan, G., and Hooper, D. A., 1998: Detection of turbulence around jetstreams using a VHF radar, Quart. J. Roy. Met. Soc. 124, 447-462.
Peters, D. and Waugh, D. W., 1996: Influence of barotropic shear on the poleward advection of upper-tropospheric air, J. Atmos. Sci. 53, 3013-3031.
Ravetta, F., Ancellet, G., Kowol-Santen, J., Wilson, R., and Nedeljkovic, D., 1999: Ozone, temperature and wind field measurements in a tropopause fold: comparison with a mesoscale model simulation, Mon. Wea. Rev. 127, 2641-2653.
Reid, S. J. and Vaughan, G., 1991: Lamination in ozone profiles in the lower stratosphere, Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 117, 825-844.
Rosen, J. M. and Hofmann, D. J., 1986: Optical modelling of stratospheric aerosols: present status, Appl. Optics 25, 410-418.
Shapiro, M. A., 1978: Further evidence of the mesoscale and turbulent structure of upper jet stream-frontal zone systems, Mon. Wea. Rev. 106, 1101-1111.
Shapiro, M. A., Hampel, T., and Krueger, A. J., 1987: The Arctic tropopause fold, Mon. Wea. Rev. 115, 444-454.
Slater, K., Stevens, A. D., Pearmain, S. A. M., Eccles, D., Hall, A. J., Bennett, R. G. T., France, L., Roberts, G., Olewicz, Z. K., and Thomas, L., 1991: Overview of the MST radar system at Aberystwyth, Proceedings of the Fifth Workshop on Technical and Scientific Aspects of MST Radar, SCOSTEP secretariat, University of Illinois, Urbana, pp. 479-482.
Sunesson, J. A., Apituley, A., and Swart, D. P. J., 1994: Differential absorption LIDAR system for routine monitoring of tropospheric ozone, Appl. Optics 33, 7045-7058.
Uchino, O., Maeda, M., and Hirono, M., 1979: Applications of excimer lasers to laser-radar observations of the upper atmosphere, IEEE J. Quantum Electronics 15, 1094-1107.
Vaughan G., Wareing, D. P., Jones, S. B., Thomas, L., and Larsen, N., 1994a: Lidar measurements of Mt. Pinatubo aerosols at Aberystwyth from August 1991 through March 1992, Geophys. Res. Lett. 21, 1315-1318.
Vaughan, G., Price, J. D., and Howells, A., 1994b: Transport into the troposphere in a tropopause fold, Quart. J. Roy. Met. Soc. 120, 1085-1103.
Vaughan, G. and Timmis, C., 1998: Transport of near-tropopause air into the lower midlatitude stratosphere, Quart. J. Roy. Met. Soc. 124, 1559-1578.
Vaughan, G. and Worthington, R. M., 2000: Break-up of a stratospheric streamer observed by MST radar, Quart. J. Roy. Met. Soc. 126, 1751-1769.
Waugh, D. W., Plumb, R. A., Newman, P. A., Schoeberl, M. R., Lait, L. R., Loewenstein, M., Podolske, J. R., Elkins, J. W., and Chan, K. R., 1994a: Fine-scale, poleward transport of tropical air during AASE-2, Geophys. Res. Lett. 21, 2603-2606.
Waugh, D. W., Plumb, R. A., Atkinson, R. J., Schoeberl, M. R., Lait, L. R., Newman, P. A., Loewenstein, M., Toohey, D. W., Avallone, L. M., Webster, C. R., and May, R. D., 1994b: Transport out of the lower stratospheric Arctic vortex by Rossby wave breaking, J. Geophys. Res. 99, 1071-1088.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Vaughan, G., O'Connor, F.M. & Wareing, D.P. Observations of Streamers in the Troposphere and Stratosphere Using Ozone Lidar. Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry 38, 295–315 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006491422479
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006491422479