Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Factors influencing intraspecific variation and polymorphism in marine podocopid Ostracoda, with particular reference to Tertiary species from southeastern Australia

  • Published:
Hydrobiologia Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Work on intraspecific variation in ornate ostracods over the last 30 years is reviewed. Polymorphism (discontinuous variation) due to environmental and genetic factors (and combinations thereof) is discussed. Specimens of the ornate marine genera Cletocythereis, Hermanites, Notocarinovalva, Neobuntonia, Chapmanella, Actinocythereis, Spinobradleya and Loxoconcha, from Tertiary deposits of southeastern Australia, are examined for examples of significant intraspecific morphological variation. Variations in the degree of spinosity, the nature of spines, the degree and type of aggradation (celation), the occurrence of microreticulation, the shape of fossae, the form of eye tubercles and subcentral tubercles, combinations of reticulation and nodules, and the relationships between punctation, reticulation and spinosity, are described and illustrated. These variations are considered in relation to location, time, facies, inferred palaeoenvironment and assemblage. It is shown that the complex of factors connecting these variations with their expression by the phenotype does not allow their unqualified use in establishing palaeoecological parameters, especially where strict polymorphism is not established, or where the timescale of the variations may be several orders of magnitude out of step with the palaeoecological changes inferred from them. The necessity of high magnification illustrations is stressed. The entire range of research into intraspecific variation must be accessed if robust palaeoecological inferences are to be drawn.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abele, C., 1988. Ch. 8. Tertiary. In Douglas, J. G. & J. A. Ferguson (eds), Geology of Victoria. Department of Industry, Technology and Resources, Government of Victoria, Melbourne: 251-350.

    Google Scholar 

  • Babinot, J.-F. & J.-P. Colin, 1983. Marine Late Cretaceous ostracode faunas from southwestern Europe: a palaeoecological synthesis. In Maddocks, R. (ed.), Applications of Ostracoda. University of Houston, Houston, Texas: 182-205.

    Google Scholar 

  • Benson, R. H., 1974. The role of ornamentation in the design and function of the ostracode carapace. Geoscience and Man 6: 47-57.

    Google Scholar 

  • Benson, R. H., 1975. Morphological stability in Ostracoda. In Swain, F. M., L. S. Kornicker & R. F. Lundin (eds), Biology and Paleobiology of Ostracoda. Bull. Am. Paleont. 65: 13-46.

    Google Scholar 

  • Benson, R. H., 1977. Evolution of Oblitacythereis from Paleocosta (Ostracoda: Trachyleberididae) during the Cenozoic in the Mediterranean and Atlantic. Smithsonian Contr. Paleobiol. 33: 1-47.

    Google Scholar 

  • Benson, R. H., 1981. Form, function and architecture of ostracode shells. Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 9: 59-80.

    Google Scholar 

  • Benson, R. H., 1983. Biomechanical stability and sudden change in the evolution of the deep-sea ostracode Poseidonamicus. Paleobiology 9(4): 398-413.

    Google Scholar 

  • Braccini, E. & J.-P. Peypouquet, 1991. Paléohydrologie de la marge sud-téthysienne au Crétacé Tertiaire basée sur l'étude de l'ostracofaune: Coupe du Djebel Dyr (Algérie orientale). Bull. Inst. Geol. Bass. Aquitaine 50: 31-49.

    Google Scholar 

  • Braccini, E. & J.-P. Peypouquet, 1995. A paleoceanological reconstruction of the Djebel-Dyr outcrop (Algeria) based on ostracodes from Paleocene to early Eocene. In Riha, J. (ed.), Ostracoda and Biostratigraphy. Balkema, Rotterdam: 171-182.

    Google Scholar 

  • Braccini, E. & J.-P. Peypouquet, 1996. Estimation of the intensity of the oxygen minimum zone in the Santonian/Maastrichtian of the southern margin of Tethys based on the analysis of architectural variability of ostracode shells. In Keen, M. C. (ed.), Proceedings of the 2nd European Ostracodologists' Meeting, University of Glasgow: 67-74.

  • Carbonel, G., 1975. Le facteur lisse chez certains ostracodes tertiaires: un index de paléotempérature. In Swain, F. M., L. S. Kornicker & R. F. Lundin (eds), Biology and Paleobiology of Ostracoda. Bull. Am. Paleont. 65: 285-302.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carbonel, P. & J.-P. Peypouquet, 1983. Ostracoda as indicators of ionic concentrations and dynamic variations: methodology (Lake Bogoria, Kenya). In Maddocks, R. (ed.), Applications of Ostracoda. University of Houston, Houston, Texas: 264-276.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carbonel, P., P. Mourguiart & J.-P. Peypouquet, 1990. The external mechanisms responsible for morphological variability in Recent Ostracoda: seasonality and biotope situation-an example from Lake Titicaca. In Whatley, R. & C. Maybury (eds), Ostracoda and Global Events. Chapman & Hall: 331-340.

  • Chapman, F., 1914. Description of new and rare fossils obtained by deep boring in the Mallee. Part III: Ostracoda to fishes. With a complete list found in the borings. Proc. r. Soc. Victoria n.s. 27(1): 28-71.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clark, W. C., 1976. The environment and the genotype in polymorphism. Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 58: 255-262.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cronin, T. M., 1987. Evolution, biogeography and systematics of Puriana: evolution and speciation in Ostracoda, III. Paleontological Society Memoir 21. J. Paleont. 61 (suppl.): 1-71.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ducasse, O., 1995 Evolutive palaeoecology and regional biostratigraphy. In Riha, J. (ed.), Ostracoda and Biostratigraphy. Balkema, Rotterdam: 225-228.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ducasse, O. & L. Rousselle, 1978. Hammatocythere oertlii (Ducasse) (Ostracoda). Espèce polymorphe de l'Eocène du Blayais. Bull. Inst. Geol. Bass. Aquitaine 24: 3-35.

    Google Scholar 

  • Garbett, E. C. & R. F. Maddocks, 1979. Zoogeography of Holocene cytheracean ostracodes in the bays of Texas. J. Paleont. 53(4): 841-919.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hartmann, G., 1982. Variation in the surface ornament of three ostracod species from Australia. In Bate, R. H., E. Robinson & L. M. Sheppard (eds), 1982. Fossil and Recent Ostracods. Ellis Horwood, Chichester: 365-380.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hartmann, G. & C. Köhl, 1978. Zur Variabilität der Oberfläschenornamente der Schalen lebender Ostracoden-Populationen. Mitt. hamb. zool. Mus. Inst. 75: 221-223.

    Google Scholar 

  • Howe, H. V. & K. G. McKenzie, 1989. Recent marine Ostracoda (Crustacea) from Darwin and North-western Australia. Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences, Monograph Series No. 3: 1-50.

  • Irizuki, T., 1993. Morphology and taxonomy of some Japanese hemicytherine Ostracoda-with particular reference to ontogenetic changes of marginal pores. Trans. Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan (N.S.) 170: 186-211.

    Google Scholar 

  • Irizuki, T., 1994. Quantitative analysis of ontogenetic changes of cell-refelcting sculptures in Ostracoda (Crustacea). J. Paleont. 68(5): 1067-1073.

    Google Scholar 

  • Irizuki, T. & O. Sasaki, 1993. Analysis of morphological changes through ontogeny: genera Baffinicythere and Elofsonella (Hemicytherinae). In McKenzie, K. G. & P. J. Jones (eds), Ostracoda in the Earth and Life Sciences. Balkema, Rotterdam: 335-351.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ishizaki, K., T. Irizuki & O. Sasaki, 1990. Cobb Mountain spike of the Kuroshio Current detected by Ostracoda in the lower Omma Formation (Early Pleistocene), Kanazawa City, Central Japan: analysis of depositional environments. In McKenzie, K. G. & P. J. Jones (eds), Ostracoda in the Earth and Life Sciences. Balkema, Rotterdam: 315-334.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kamiya, T. & J. E. Hazel, 1992. Shared versus derived characters in the pore-system of Loxoconcha (Ostracoda, Crustacea). J. Micropalaeont. 11(2): 159-166.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kazmierczak, J., V. Ittekot & E. T. Degens, 1985. Biocalcification through time: environmental challenge and cellular response. Palaeont. Zeit. 59(1/2): 15-33.

    Google Scholar 

  • Keen, M. C., 1977. Ostracod assemblages and the depositional environments of the Headon, Osborne and Bembridge beds (Upper Eocene) of the Hampshire Basin. Palaeontology 20(2): 405-445.

    Google Scholar 

  • Keen, M. C., 1982. Intraspecific variation in Tertiary ostracods. In Bate, R. H., E. Robinson & L. M. Sheppard (eds), 1982. Fossil and Recent Ostracods. Ellis Horwood, Chichester: 381-405.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kesling, R. V., 1961. Ontogeny of Ostracoda. In Moore, R. C. & C. W. Pitrat (eds), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Part Q. Arthropoda. 3. Crustacea: Ostracoda. Geol. Soc. Am. & Univ. Kansas Press. Larence, Kansas: Q19-20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Malz, H., 1980. Cletocythereis Swain, 1963 (Ostracoda): besondere Merkmale und geographische Verbreitung ihrer Arten. Senck. Leth. 68(4/6): 381-397.

    Google Scholar 

  • McKenzie, K. G. & J.-P. Peypouquet, 1984. Oceanic palaeoenvironment of the Miocene Fyansford Formation from Fossil Beach, near Mornington, Victoria, interpreted on the basis of Ostracoda. Alcheringa 8: 291-303.

    Google Scholar 

  • McKenzie, K. G., S. Majoran, V. Emami & R. A. Reyment, 1989. The Krithe problem-first test of Peypouquet's hypothesis, with a redescription of Krithe praetexta praetexta (Crustacea, Ostracoda). Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 74: 343-354.

    Google Scholar 

  • Neil, J. V., 1993. Comparisons between some Middle Miocene and Recent southeastern Australian ostracode assemblages. In McKenzie, K. G. & P. J. Jones (eds), Ostracoda in the Earth and Life Sciences. Balkema, Rotterdam: 277-290.

    Google Scholar 

  • Neil, J. V., 1994. Miocene Ostracoda of the Trachyleberididae and Hemicytheridae from the Muddy Creek area, southwestern Victoria. Mem. Mus. Victoria 54: 1-49.

    Google Scholar 

  • Neil, J. V., 1995. Palaeobiogeography of some Oligocene-Miocene ostracode assemblages from Southeastern Australia. In Riha, J. (ed.), Ostracoda and Biostratigraphy. Balkema, Rotterdam: 215-224.

    Google Scholar 

  • Okada, Y., 1981. Development of cell arrangement in ostracod carapaces. Palaeobiology 7(2): 276-280.

    Google Scholar 

  • Okada, Y., 1982a. Structure and cuticle formation of the reticulated carapace of the ostracod Bicornucythere bisanensis. Lethaia 15: 85-101.

    Google Scholar 

  • Okada, Y., 1982b. Ultrastructure and pattern of the carapace of Bicornucythere bisanensis (Ostracoda, Crustacea). Univ. Mus. Univ. Tokyo Bull. 20: 229-255.

    Google Scholar 

  • Peypouquet, J.-P., 1975. Les variations des caractères morphologiques internes chez les ostracodes des genres Krithe et Parakrithe: relation possible avec la teneur en O2 dissous dans l'eau. Bull. Inst. Geol. Bass. Aquitaine 17: 81-88.

    Google Scholar 

  • Peypouquet, J.-P., 1979. Ostracodes et paléoenvironnements. Méthodologie et applications aux domaines profonds du Cénozoique. Bull. B. R. G. M.. (2e ser.) 4: 3-79.

    Google Scholar 

  • Peypouquet, J.-P., 1983. Krithe and Parakrithe in the Kef section (Northeast Tunisia) around the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary: palaeohydrological implications. In Maddocks, R. (ed.), Applications of Ostracoda. University of Houston, Houston, Texas: 510-519.

    Google Scholar 

  • Peypouquet, J.-P., F. Groussset & P. Mourguiart, 1986. Palaeoceanography of the Mesogean Sea based on ostracods of the northern Tunisian continental shelf between the Late Cretaceous and Early Paleogene. Geol. Rundsch. 75(1): 159-174.

    Google Scholar 

  • Peypouquet, J.-P., P. Carbonel, O. Ducasse, M. Tolderer-Farmer & C. Lete, 1988. Environmentally cued polymorphism: a theoretical and practical approach. A contribution to geology and to the understanding of ostracod evolution. In Hanai, T., N. Ikeya & K. Ishizaki (eds), Evolutionary Biology of Ostracoda. Developments in Palaeontology and Stratigraphy 11, Elsevier: 1003-1019.

  • Pokorny, V., 1964. Some palaeoecological problems in marine ostracode faunas, demonstrated on the Upper Cretaceous ostracodes of Bohemia, Czechoslovakia. In Puri, H. S. (ed.), Ostracods as Ecological and Palaeoecological Indicators. Publ. Staz. zool. Napoli 33 (suppl.): 462-479.

    Google Scholar 

  • Quilty, P. G., 1971. The biostratigraphy of the Tasmanian marine Tertiary. Papers Proc. r. Soc. Tasmania 106: 25-44.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reyment, R. A., F. L. Bookstein, K. G. McKenzie & S. Majoran, 1988. Ecophenotypic variation in Mutilus pumilus (Ostracoda) from Australia, studied by canonical variate analysis and tensor biometrics. J. Micropalaeont. 7(1): 11-20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reyment, R. A., I. Hayami & G. Carbonel, 1977. Variation of discrete morphological characters in Cytheridea (Crustacea: Ostracoda). Bull. Geol. Inst. Univ. Uppsala 7: 25-36.

    Google Scholar 

  • Riha, J., 1989. Ostracod interpretation of palaeoedepth of Miocene (Lower Badenian) calcareous clays near Brno, Czechoslovakia. Cour. Forsch.-Inst. Senckenberg 113: 103-116.

    Google Scholar 

  • Simkiss, K., 1977. Biomineralization and detoxification. Calcif. Tiss. Res. 24: 199-200.

    Google Scholar 

  • Simkiss, K., 1986. The processes of biomineralization in lower plants and animals-an overview. In Leadbeater, B. S. C. & R. Riding (eds), Biomineralization in Lower Plants and Animals. The Systematics Association Special Vol. 30: 19-37.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sylvester-Bradley, P. C. & R. H. Benson, 1971. Terminology for surface features in ornate ostracodes. Lethaia 4: 249-286.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tsukagoshi, A., 1990. Ontogenetic change of distributional patterns of pore systems in Cythere species and its phylogenetic significance. Lethaia 23: 225-241.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tsukagosh, A. & N. Ikeya, 1987. The ostracode genus Cythere O. F. Mueller, 1785, and its species. Trans. Proc. paleont. Soc. Japan (NS) 148: 197-222.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tsukagoshi, A. & T. Kamiya, 1996. Heterochrony of the ostracod hingement and its significance for taxonomy. Biol. J. linn. Soc. Lond. 57: 343-370.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Harten, D., 1995. Differential food-detection: a speculative re-interpretation of vestibule variability in Krithe (Crustacea: Ostracoda). In Riha, J. (ed.), Ostracoda and Biostratigraphy. Balkema, Rotterdam: 33-36.

    Google Scholar 

  • Warne, M. T., 1993. Micropalaeontological evaluation of eustatic and tectonic influences on Late Tertiary marine sedimentation within the Port Phillip and Western Port Basins, Victoria, Australia. In McKenzie, K. G. & P. J. Jones (eds), Ostracoda in the Earth and Life Sciences. Balkema, Rotterdam: 259-276.

    Google Scholar 

  • Whatley, R. C. & S. Downing, 1983. Middle Miocene Ostracoda from Victoria, Australia. Rev. Esp. Micropaleont. 15(3): 347-407.

    Google Scholar 

  • Whatley, R. C. & Zhao Guanhong, 1993. The Krithe problem: a case history of the distribution of Krithe and Parakrithe (Crustacea, Ostracoda) in the South China Sea. Palaeogeog. Palaeoclim. Palaeoecol. 103: 281-297.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yassini, I. & B. G. Jones, 1995. Foraminiferida and Ostracoda from estuarine and shelf enviroments on the southeastern coast of Australia. Univ. Wollongong Press: 1-484.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Management, Technology and Environment, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Australia

    John V. Neil

Authors
  1. John V. Neil
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Neil, J.V. Factors influencing intraspecific variation and polymorphism in marine podocopid Ostracoda, with particular reference to Tertiary species from southeastern Australia. Hydrobiologia 419, 161–180 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1003983918339

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1003983918339

Search

Navigation