Abstract
In order to ease the transition from the world of theuniversity to the world of work, it is of crucialimportance to provide university students withon-the-job skills and pre-professional workexperience. In the article, Finnish SpeechCommunication students' reflections on theirpre-professional practice in working life areinvestigated. The main purpose was to identifycritical factors affecting students' experiences andlearning outcomes of an off-campus practice period. Thestudy is based on reports by 70 students, analyzedqualitatively. The results indicate that whether thepracticum comes up to students' expectations dependson e.g. the following factors: the correspondencebetween the work-tasks and the student's studyprogram, the goal-orientedness of the work, thepossibility to commit oneself to work and to achieveset goals, challenges at work in general and invarious tasks, the supportiveness and attentiveness ofcolleagues and supervisor, a competent initialorientation by the supervisor on the first day, and anoptimal level of independence as well as a balancebetween goal-orientedness, supervision andindependence. For university students, a well-arrangedpracticum is not only an important part ofprofessional education, but at its best also a meansof personal development and growth.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Applegate, J. and Morreale, S. (1999). 'Service learning in the communication discipline: A natural partnership', in Droge, D., Zlotkowski, E. and Ortega Murphy, B. (eds.), Voices of Strong Democracy: Concepts and Models for Service Learning in Communication Studies. Washington, DC: American Association for Higher Education.
Boud, D. (1989). 'Some competing traditions in experiential learning', in Weil, S.W. and McGill, I. (eds.), Making Sense of Experiential Learning. Buckingham: The Society for Research into Higher Education and Open University Press, pp. 38–49.
Boud, D., Cohen, R. and Walker, D. (1993). 'Introduction: Understanding learning from experience', in Boud, D., Cohen, R. and Walker, D. (eds.), Using Experience for Learning. Buckingham: Society for Research into Higher Education and Open University Press, pp. 1–17.
Boud, D., Keogh, R. and Walker, D. (1985). 'Promoting reflection in learning: A model', in Boud, D., Keogh, R. and Walker, D. (eds.), Reflection: Turning Experience into Learning. London: Kogan Page, pp. 18–40.
Boud, D. and Walker, D. (1990). 'Making the most of experience', Studies in Continuing Education 12, 61–80.
Boud, D. and Walker, D. (1993). 'Barriers to reflection on experience', in Boud, D., Cohen, R. and Walker, D. (eds.), Using Experience for Learning. Buckingham: Society for Research into Higher Education and Open University Press, pp. 73–86.
Brennan, J., Kogan, M. and Teichler, U. (1996). 'Higher education and work: A conceptual framework', in Brennan, J., Kogan, M. and Teichler, U. (eds.), Higher Education and Work. London: Jessica Kingsley, pp. 1–24.
Candy, P.C. (1990). 'The transition from learner-control to autodidaxy: More than meets the eye', in Long, H. and Associates (eds.), Advances in Research and Practice in Self-directed Learning. Oklahoma Research Center for Continuing Professional and Higher Education of the University of Oklahoma, pp. 9-46.
Candy, P.C. (1991). Self-Direction for Lifelong Learning. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Claxton, C.S. and Murrell, P.H. (1987). Learning Styles: Implications for Improving Education Practices. ASHE-ERIC Higher Education Report No. 4. Washington, DC: Association for the Study of Higher Education.
Crabtree, B.F. and Miller, W.L. (eds.) (1992). Doing Qualitative Research. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Daresh, J.C. (1990). 'Learning by doing: Research on the Educational Administration Practicum', Journal of Educational Administration 28, 34–47.
Eraut, M. (1988). 'Learning about management: The role of the management course', in Day, C. and Poster, C. (eds.), Partnership in Education Management. London: Routledge.
Foster, E. and Stephenson, J. (1998). 'Work-based learning and universities in the U.K.: A review of current practice and trends', Higher Education Research and Development 17, 155–170.
Green, D. (1994). 'What is quality in higher education? Concepts, policy and practice', in Green, D. (ed.), What is Quality in Higher Education? Buckingham: Society for Research into Higher Education and Open University Press, pp. 3–20.
Handal, G. and Lauvås, P. (1987). Promoting Reflective Teaching: Supervision in Action. Milton Keynes: Society for Research into Higher Education and Open University Press.
Henry, J. (1989). 'Meaning and practice in experiential learning', in Weil, S.W. and McGill, I. (eds.), Making Sense of Experiential Learning. Buckingham: The Society for Research into Higher Education and Open University Press, pp. 25–37.
Hiemstra, R. and Sisco, B. (1990). Individualizing Instruction. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Hughes, C. (1998). 'Practicum learning: Perils of the authentic workplace', Higher Education Research and Development 17, 207–227.
Hutton, M. (1989). 'Learning from action: A conceptual framework', in Weil, S.W. and McGill, I. (eds.), Making Sense of Experiential Learning. Buckingham: The Society for Research into Higher Education and Open University Press, pp. 50–59.
Kells, H.R., and Stenqvist, P. (1995). A Guide to Evaluation Processes in Finnish Higher Education. Policy and Practice. Helsinki: Ministry of Education.
Knowles, M.S. (1986). Using Learning Contracts. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Kolb, D.A. (1984). Experiential Learning. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Lonergan, N. and Andresen, L.W. (1988). 'Field-based education: Some theoretical considerations', Higher Education Research and Development 7, 63–77.
Lucas, P. (1993). 'Light half-believers of our casual creeds? Tutors' interpretations of reflective practice', Higher Education Review 25, 50–61.
Marshall, C. and Rossman, G.B. (1995). Designing Qualitative Research, Second Edition. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Martin, E. (1998). 'Conceptions of workplace university education', Higher Education Research and Development 17, 191–205.
Merriam, S.B. and Caffarella, R.S. (1991). Learning in Adulthood. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Mezirow, J. (1991). Transformative Dimensions of Adult Learning. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Miles, M.B. and Huberman, A.M. (1994). Qualitative Data Analysis: An Expanded Sourcebook, Second Edition. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Mulligan, J. (1993). 'Activating internal processes in experiential learning', in Boud, D., Cohen, R. and Walker, D. (eds.), Using Experience for Learning. Buckingham: Society for Research into Higher Education and Open University Press, pp. 46–58.
Niemi, H. and Kohonen, V. (1995). Towards New Professionalism and Active Learning in Teacher Development: Empirical Findings on Teacher Education and Induction. Reports of the Department of Teacher Education in Tampere University, A2. Tampere: Department of Teacher Education in Tampere University.
Powell, J.P. (1985). 'Autobiographical learning', in Boud, D., Keogh, R. and Walker, D. (eds.), Reflection: Turning Experience into Learning. London: Kogan Page, pp. 41–51.
Ramsden, P. (1992). Learning to Teach in Higher Education. London: Routledge.
Ryan, G., Toohey, S. and Hughes, C. (1996). 'The purpose, value and structure of the practicum in higher education: A literature review', Higher Education 31, 355–377.
Sanyal, B.C. (1987). Higher Education and Employment. London: The Falmer Press.
Schön, D.A. (1987). Educating the Reflective Practitioner. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Stanton, T.K. and Giles, D.E. (1989). 'Curriculum development for long-distance internships: Some principles, models and issues', in Weil, S.W. and McGill, I. (eds.), Making Sense of Experiential Learning. Buckingham: Society for Research into Higher Education and Open University Press, pp. 179–189.
St. John Nelson, M.K. (1989). 'Generating integration and involvement in learning', in Weil, S.W. and McGill, I. (eds.), Making Sense of Experiential Learning. Buckingham: Society for Research into Higher Education and Open University Press, pp. 101–113.
Taylor, M. (1987). 'Self-directed learning: More than meets the observer's eye', in Boud, D. and Griffin, V. (eds.), Appreciating Adults Learning: From the Learners' Perspective. London: Kogan Page, pp. 179–196.
Thorne, P. (1995). 'Supporting, assessing and accrediting workplace learning', in Thomas, D. (ed.), Flexible Learning Strategies in Higher and Further Education. London: Cassell, pp. 176–184.
Thorpe, M. (1993). 'Experiential learning at a distance', in Boud, D., Cohen, R. and Walker, D. (eds.), Using Experience for Learning. Buckingham: Society for Research into Higher Education and Open University Press, pp. 99–112.
Trigwell, K. and Reid, A. (1998). 'Introduction: Work-based learning and the students' perspective', Higher Education Research and Development 17, 141–154.
Valo, M. (1998). 'Speech Communication the Finnish way: Fifteen years of university degrees of Speech Communication in Jyväskylä, Finland', Communication Education 47, 286–291.
Walker, D. (1985). 'Writing and reflection', in Boud, D., Keogh, R. and Walker, D. (eds.), Reflection: Turning Experience into Learning. London: Kogan Page, pp. 52–68.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Valo, M. Experiencing work as a communications professional: Students' reflections on their off-campus work practice. Higher Education 39, 151–179 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1003946617377
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1003946617377